Topic: 2025-Preserving Free and Fair Elections
Country: India
Delegate Name: Rocco Blaisdell
India, the world’s largest democracy, has long been committed to upholding the principles of
free and fair elections. The nation’s electoral framework is designed to ensure transparency,
inclusivity, and integrity, reflecting the will of its diverse populace. This position paper outlines
India’s perspective on preserving the sanctity of its electoral process and the measures
undertaken to strengthen democratic institutions.
The Election Commission of India (ECI) serves as the autonomous constitutional authority
responsible for administering election processes in India at both the national and state levels.
Empowered by Article 324 of the Indian Constitution, the ECI is tasked with ensuring elections
are conducted in a free, fair, and transparent manner. Its functions include the preparation of
electoral rolls, monitoring election campaigns, and enforcing the Model Code of Conduct, which
provides guidelines for political parties and candidates during elections.
The Model Code of Conduct (MCC) is a set of guidelines issued by the ECI to regulate political
parties and candidates prior to elections. It aims to maintain a level playing field and prevent
actions that could vitiate the electoral process. The MCC covers aspects such as general
conduct, meetings, processions, polling day activities, and election manifestos. It prohibits
practices like vote-buying, hate speech, and the misuse of official machinery, thereby
safeguarding the integrity of elections.
India has embraced technological innovations to enhance the electoral process. The
introduction of Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) and Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trails
(VVPATs) has bolstered the accuracy and transparency of vote counting. Additionally, the ECI
has developed mobile applications and online platforms to facilitate voter registration, grievance
redressal, and the dissemination of electoral information. These initiatives aim to increase
accessibility and ensure that every eligible citizen can exercise their franchise effectively.
Despite robust mechanisms, challenges persist in maintaining the purity of elections. Issues
such as the distribution of inducements to voters have been a concern. The Supreme Court of
India has criticized the practice of offering handouts, stating that it creates a “class of parasites”
and undermines the work ethic among citizens. The judiciary’s stance underscores the need for
political parties to exercise restraint and promote policies that encourage self-reliance among
the populace. Furthermore, the proposal to hold simultaneous elections for state assemblies
and the national parliament has been a topic of discussion. Proponents argue that it would
enhance governance and reduce electoral expenses, while critics express concerns about its
impact on federalism and regional representation. The government continues to engage with
stakeholders to arrive at a consensus that upholds democratic principles.
India remains committed to collaborating with international partners and organizations to share
best practices and strengthen democratic institutions globally. The nation actively participates in
dialogues and initiatives aimed at promoting electoral integrity and transparency. By engaging
with the global community, India seeks to contribute to the collective endeavor of nurturing and
sustaining democratic values worldwide.
