Topic: 2025 – No First Use Policies and Nuclear Disarmament
Country: Japan
Delegate Name: Shephard Bower
Nuclear weapons are the most dangerous weapons on earth, and their existence continues to shape global security. From the moment they were first developed during World War II, these weapons have significantly influenced diplomatic strategy, military financing and planning, and the balance of power between nations. Although nuclear weapons may be viewed as a way to discourage or end large conflicts, the risks of accidental launch, escalating international tensions, and killing thousands of innocent civilians raise a serious question about whether their benefits outweigh their dangers. These concerns have prompted the United Nations (UN) to develop multiple solutions, including the creation of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), and the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW). In addition to the UN’s solutions, multiple nations have created domestic and international policies limiting the use of atomic weapons, an example being China’s No First Use policy, and the United States’ New START treaty with Russia. Despite these international and national efforts, significant concerns remain about the pace of disarmament, compliance with nuclear-armed weapons, and the persisting threats these weapons pose to global safety.
Due to its history, Japan possesses both a major personal and central role in the global debate over nuclear weapons. As the only nation to have suffered atomic bombings, Japan is a major advocate for disarmament and the prevention of future nuclear tragedies. This experience has strongly shaped Japan’s foreign policy, leading it to be a strong proponent of the NPT and the ultimate goal of a world without nuclear weapons. Additionally, at the domestic level, in 1967, Japan created the Three Non-Nuclear Principles, which include to not possess, not produce, and not permit the introduction of nuclear weapons into its territory. Japan has also backed initiatives, such as the IAEA’s Safeguards System, which verifies that nuclear material and facilities are not diverted for weapons purposes. Japan somewhat depends on nuclear defense, as it relies on the United States’ nuclear umbrella for protection in a region constantly threatened by growing nuclear powers, including North Korea, China, and Russia. Due to this reliance on nuclear power for national security, Japan is not a signatory to the TPNW, as it could interfere with its security strategy.
To promote eventual global disarmament, Japan proposes an approach aimed at eventual disarmament. First, strengthen existing treaties like the NPT with stricter verification and disarmament methods and commitments to ensure nuclear powers simultaneously reduce their stockpiles. Second, increase transparency through mandatory reporting of nuclear capabilities to develop trust among nations. Third, continue to support the IAEA in monitoring compliance and encouraging the responsible use of nuclear materials. Finally, promote peaceful nuclear technology and non-nuclear security strategies.
