Topic: 2025-Regulating Invasive Species
Country: Japan
Delegate Name: Molly Brunt
I. Background
Invasive alien species (IAS) pose a significant threat to global biodiversity, agriculture, and economies, as they disrupt native ecosystems and outcompete indigenous species. The introduction of non-native species has been largely driven by human activities, including trade, travel, and climate change-induced habitat shifts. Some of the most affected regions include island nations, where ecosystems are particularly fragile, and countries with high levels of trade, which increase the risk of accidental introductions. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), invasive species are one of the leading causes of biodiversity loss worldwide, with over 40% of threatened or endangered species at risk due to biological invasions.
The international community has recognized the urgency of this issue and has taken steps to mitigate the spread of invasive species. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), adopted in 1992, includes provisions aimed at preventing the introduction of IAS and controlling those already established. Additionally, the United Nations has passed various resolutions and initiatives, including the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, which set global goals to prevent and manage biological invasions. The UN General Assembly and agencies such as the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) have also worked on policies addressing the unintentional spread of IAS through trade and agriculture. Despite these efforts, invasive species continue to cause environmental and economic damage, highlighting the need for stronger international cooperation.
II. Policy
Japan, as an island nation with a unique and delicate ecosystem, has been significantly affected by invasive alien species. The introduction of non-native species has led to severe disruptions in native biodiversity, economic losses, and environmental degradation. Japan has taken proactive measures to address this issue through the Invasive Alien Species Act (IAS Act) of 2004, which strictly regulates the import, transport, and possession of invasive species. Additionally, Japan has implemented extensive monitoring and eradication programs, particularly for species such as the nutria (Myocastor coypus), the red-eared slider turtle, and the Taiwanese beauty snake, all of which have posed significant ecological threats.
Japan has actively participated in international discussions on IAS management, supporting global frameworks such as the CBD and the International Maritime Organization’s Ballast Water Management Convention, which aims to prevent the spread of aquatic invasive species through shipping. Japan has also contributed to regional initiatives, such as the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) efforts to strengthen biosecurity measures in trade. Japan has consistently supported UN resolutions that emphasize the need for international collaboration, research, and the development of standardized risk assessment frameworks. As a nation that relies heavily on its biodiversity for tourism, agriculture, and fisheries, Japan remains committed to strengthening policies to prevent the spread of invasive species at both the national and international levels.
III. Proposal
Japan urges the United Nations to take stronger and more coordinated action in combating invasive alien species. First, Japan proposes the establishment of a global database under the UN framework to facilitate real-time data sharing on invasive species distribution, management strategies, and emerging threats. This would enable countries to collaborate more effectively in monitoring and controlling IAS before they become widespread.
Additionally, Japan advocates for the harmonization of international regulations to prevent the spread of IAS through trade and transportation. Standardized quarantine procedures, biosecurity protocols, and risk assessment guidelines should be implemented across all member states to ensure consistency in addressing IAS threats. Japan also recommends that the UN encourage stricter enforcement of existing agreements, such as the Ballast Water Management Convention, to prevent the spread of aquatic invasive species.
Capacity building and technical assistance should be prioritized, particularly for developing nations that may lack the necessary infrastructure to manage IAS effectively. Japan proposes that the UN establish funding mechanisms to support countries in developing and implementing IAS management programs. This could include training workshops, technology transfers, and financial support for rapid response measures in the event of new invasions.
Public awareness and education campaigns are also essential in preventing the introduction and spread of IAS. Japan suggests that the UN launch global initiatives to educate the public on the risks of releasing non-native species into the wild and the importance of early detection and reporting. Encouraging citizen science programs could also enhance monitoring efforts at the community level.
Finally, Japan urges the UN to integrate IAS management into climate change adaptation strategies. Climate change is altering ecosystems, creating new opportunities for invasive species to thrive. By incorporating IAS mitigation into broader environmental policies, the UN can ensure that biological invasions are addressed as part of global sustainability efforts.
By implementing these proposals, the UN can take meaningful steps to reduce the global threat of invasive species, protect biodiversity, and support sustainable development. Japan remains committed to working with the international community to strengthen IAS management and preserve ecological balance for future generations.
