Topic: 2025-Situation in Indonesia and West Papua
Country: Russian Federation
Delegate Name: Victoria Reichel
The Russian Federation maintains a long and multifaceted relationship with the Republic of Indonesia, characterized by cooperation in political, economic, and some defense sectors. This partnership is mainly grounded in mutual respect for sovereignty, non-interference in internal affairs, and territorial integrity. In these contexts, Russia acknowledges Indonesia’s sovereignty over the provinces of Papua and West Papua and regards the situation in these regions as an internal matter for the Indonesian government.
The historical trajectory of West Papua has been extremely complex. Following the decolonization of Indonesia from the Netherlands, the status of West Paupa has become a point of contention. The “Act of Free Choice,” from 1969 which was made under the supervision of the United Nations, resulted in the integration of West Papua into Indonesia. Whilst the process ended up facing criticism, it was also recognized by the international community, including the United Nations, thereby affirming Indonesia’s sovereignty over this region.
In recent years, the Indonesian government has undertaken initiatives to help address separatist sentiments in Papua and West Papua. These efforts included some economic development programs, different infrastructure projects, and social initiatives aimed at the improvement of the welfare of its local population. The Russian Federation is supporting Indonesia’s endeavors to help promote stability and development in these selected regions. The presence of these separatist movements, such as the Free Papua Movement and its armed wing, the West Papua National Liberation Army, has led them to security challenges in the region. The TPNPB has been responsible for many attacks, including kidnappings and assaults on civilians and infrastructure. Notably, in February 2023, the TPNPB abducted New Zealand pilot Phillip Mehrtens, who was helped for 19 months before his release in September of 2024. These actions underscore the ongoing security challenges in this region.
The Russian Federation also acknowledges reports from international organizations that express concerns about human rights conditions in Papua and West Papua. These issues such as allegations of extrajudicial killings, different forms of torture, and restrictions on the freedom of expression are highlighted. Russia emphasizes the importance of addressing these concerns through constructive dialogue and cooperation with the Indonesian government, whilst respecting their sovereignty. Russia upholds the principle of non-interference in the domestic affairs of sovereign states. The situation in Papua and West Papua can and is recognized as an internal matte for Indonesia. Russia encourages the international community to help support Indonesia’s efforts to maintain national unity and help promote socio-economic development in this region.
The Russian Federation reaffirms its support for Indonesia’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, thus recognizing Paupa and West Wapua as some integral parts of this Indonesian state. Russia encourages continued efforts by the Indonesian government to help address this aspiration and concerns of the local population with inclusive dialogue and some sustainable development initiatives. The Russian Federation remains committed to strengthening its partnership with Indonesia and contributing to regional stability and prosperity.
