Question of Kurdistan

United Nations Security Council (UNSC)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan

Throughout the history of international peace organizations, the issue of ethnic groups wishing to secede from a nation to become independent or join another has been one of the thorniest problems. When distinct ethnic groups desire independence and a state does not wish to grant it, this may easily lead to civil unrest, war and repression.

The Kurds of Eastern Turkey, Northern Iraq, Iran and Syria, have existed in this region for centuries with a well-developed sense of ethnic unity that is not well represented by the governmental boundaries that were drawn up following World War I. There exists a strong desire among some part of the Kurdish minorities of each of these countries to unite together as a separate nation, a “Greater Kurdistan.” This has led to conflict between the Kurdish minorities and their respective governments, particularly between the Turks and the PKK (Kurdistan Workers Party), which it accuses of being a terrorist group (and is recognized as such by numerous other nations). Between 1992 and 2003, a northern “no fly” zone in Iraq enabled the northern Kurdish region of Iraq to be largely self-governing.

Following the US invasion of Iraq, the northern Kurdish region has obtained the most autonomy of any modern Kurdish government. There is considerable concern that should the Kurdish area of Iraq secede from the Iraqi federal government, it would quickly lead to violence between the new Kurdish state and neighboring states with substantial Kurdish minorities. Unlike some ethnic groups in other parts of the world, the Kurdish area of Iraq sits on substantial oil reserves, a potential source of income for either an independent Kurdistan or the Iraqi state.

In Turkey, Kurdish minorities face treatment that could be considered discrimination against their ethnic heritage, including discouraging the teaching of the Kurdish language, imprisonment for any association with the PKK (including some cases that are somewhat tenuous), and efforts by the Turkish government to stamp out honor killings and pressure Kurdish communities to encourage education among women. In February 2008, violence flared up in the region of the Iraqi/Turkish border as Turkish aircraft bombed positions in Northern Iraq after the Turkish military pursued some fleeing members of the PKK across the border.

The Kurdish people are by no means politically united or in full agreement regarding the issue of an independent state. Conflict is rampant among separate Kurdish groups. The KDP and PUK parties are politically powerful in northern Iraq and so far have accepted a role as an autonomous region with a federal Iraqi system rather than pushing for their own, separate country.

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Belgium – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: Belgium
Delegate Name: Garrett Wilkes
School: Forest Hills Central High School

Belgium sees the issue of Kurdistan as one of the key issues to solve for the UN Security Council. Denied of being given a state as they were promised by the UK after World War I, the Kurds now are scattered among many different countries, including Turkey, Iraq, Syria, and Iran. As a result of these wedges driven between the people, the Kurds not only struggle for a sense of identity, but also against the oppression of their respective countries. Belgium recognizes the strides that the Kurds have made for sustaining themselves, especially the efforts of the Provincial Kurdistan government in northern Iraq. Belgium also recognizes how the Kurds have diverged from each other, fighting against different governments and end up arguing amongst themselves how the question of a Kurdistan should be approached. Belgium is alarmed by the violence between the PKK and the government of Turkey, as well as the multiple human rights violations imposed upon the Kurds. Belgium does not see any justification for neither the violence from the Kurds, nor for the oppression from the Middle Eastern countries.

Belgium believes that the creation of one or more independent Kurdistan(s) is a very appropriate action for the Security Council to undergo. Belgium calls for the end of the violence and oppression to the Kurds, as well an end the terrorist acts of the PKK. The settlement of the Kurdistan issue is key for bringing peace for the region, yet Belgium recognizes the desires of the Middle Eastern countries to hold on to land they already have. As such, Belgium wants to ensure these countries their sovereignty in this process.

Belgium believes that no proper working paper can be passed without recognizing the interests of all sides of this issue. Being a naturally peaceful country, with a deep tradition of being a mediator in foreign policy, Belgium urges the UN to work with both the Kurds and the respective Middle Eastern countries. Belgium pushes for the cooperation of the said Middle Eastern states in this process. Because without their consent, this entire region could easily turn into a giant blood bath and only create a more hostile Middle East. Belgium wishes for the Security Council to agree to meet again in the recent future over this issue to discuss any actions that this body will make and further investigate the question of Kurdistan. Belgium also wishes that the other bodies of the UN become involved in this issue. By its very nature, this issue will still require a lot of attention, both now and in the future.

While Belgium remains open to the various methods to granting the Kurds independence, Belgium agrees with the UK that the priority of this issue is to ensure the hopes, desires, and security of the Kurds. Belgium also appreciates the sympathies of the other countries in Europe, Asia, and the Americas in their desire for the Kurds to be free of the oppression they are struggling against. Belgium remains hopeful that the Middle Eastern countries will take appropriate, mature measures to respect the actions of this Security Council.

Multiple resolutions from the UN support Belgium’s stance of peaceful resolution to this and an end to the PKK’s actions, including Resolution 1566 passed in 2004, condemning the use of terrorism regardless of motivation. In open debate on May 20, 2008, the delegate of Belgium expressed the importance of peacebuilding after conflicts arise, including better international cooperation for the said conflicts. Another statement made by the Belgium delegate on September 29, 2008, show Belgium’s strong stance on respecting both sides considered under any issue. That being aside, Belgium will remain optimistic for the cause of the Kurds, and encourages the other countries to do the same.

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China – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: China
Delegate Name: Kevin Mersol-Barg
School: Roeper School

Territorial integrity is essential to the security of a nation, and when a group seeks statehood, they must do so through regular, bureaucratic means. In the case of Tibet, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) honorably liberated the region through the bilateral talks and the 17-point agreement that gave the region complete autonomy. While radical organizations wish for statehood, and try to attain it through violent means, they should enter bilateral talks with the region’s respective governments in order to become autonomous.

The PRC understands the Kurdish struggle, and how centuries of mistreatment has led to violent uprisings. We wish for the Kurds’ human rights to be respected, and for a peaceful resolution that douses the embers of war rather than fans them. Nations must take note that the Kurdish Democratic Party (KDP) has been quite successful at working within the confines of an existing nation, Iraq. Similar progress can be made in other nations if Kurdish groups within Turkey, Iran and Syria were to hold bilateral talks with their respective governments.

The PRC believes that the Kurds will very likely not have their own nation in the foreseeable future. We understand the reluctance of the nations of Turkey, Syria, and Iran to grant independence to these regions, but we wish these Kurdish groups pacific relations with their governments. We urge them to direct their aspirations through bilateral talks with their respective nations. Autonomous communities can be created with the help of the UN Security Council if the Security Council acts expediently to enter a dialog on the issue.

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Costa Rica – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: Costa Rica
Delegate Name: Kristina Tribble
School: Forest Hills Northern High School

The question of Kurdistan is a situation that should be handled with careful attention. No party wants to be left out in these talks. The ‘Greater Kurdistan’ province is in great need of help. An ethnic nation is trying to create a place for themselves. Somewhere they can be readily accepted and not pushed out because of what they are. Not Arab in decent, the Kurdish people have not been easily accepted in the Middle East though they have occupied the region for hundreds of years. The Kurdistan people need to create a united from if they want to present the world to who they are or become their own sovereign state.

The Republic of Costa Rica acknowledges that becoming a sovereign state would not be easy for the Kurdish people. The problem is not only with unifying the people, but the creation of successful talks between governments and Kurdistan representatives, the cooperation of governmental officials, and the dispute over where land boundaries should be. At the moment the Kurdish people are scattered in refuge camps in the mountains trying to hold their lives together. The first thing that needs to be attended to is the establishment of a stable living area.

Costa Rica believes that the Kurdish people should be helped in forming a democratic government and holding on to such a hope. It may be a difficult task as the present Kurdistan community is spread through three powerful countries at the moment, Iraq, Iran, and Turkey, but with commitment and communication a reasonable solution should present itself. The Republic of Costa Rica is under the impression that the Security Council of the United Nations should help the Kurdish people in the creation of a democratic ‘Greater Kurdistan’ and careful measures should be taken.

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France – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: France
Delegate Name: Aeisha Reese
School: Flint Central Academy

Few nations have suffered more from the effects of big power diplomacy than the Kurds. In 1923, Kurdistan was torn into four parts by the Treaty of Lausanne. The vast majority of Kurds live in a territory divided among Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria. These regimes have frequently turned Kurdistan into a battleground among themselves. In these conflicts, most recently the bloody Iran–Iraq war of the 1980s, Kurds have often been set against Kurds.

France urges stability within Kurdistan and all ethnic conflicts. As a result, we opened a new consulate office in the capital of northern Iraq’s semi-autonomous Kurdish region. There is no doubt that stability within Kurdistan is going to take time, but we are willing to put forth all effort. We believe that the United Nations must utilize the NGO's that are already a part of the Kurdistan to continue aiding citizens that are affected by the corruption within the nation. France welcomes negotiations with the Kurdistan government that will not in any way violate Kurdistan's national sovereignty. We must keep in mind that the ethical conflicts within Kurdistan also affect bordering nations, which could create more adversaries for the nation. Article 1 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights states that: all peoples have the right of self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. France refuses to deny individuals the rights exemplified in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights or any other substantial document.

As an international community we must encourage peace talks within the various regions of Kurdistan. France welcomes all nations to help put an end to all inhumane acts throughout Kurdistan. Promoting peace through understanding of ethnicities and cultures is the key to answering the question of Kurdistan.

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Indonesia – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: Indonesia
Delegate Name: Jordan Wagner
School: Traverse City West High School

The conflict between the Kurds and Iraq, Turkey, Syria, and Iran has been escalating since the invasion of Iraq in 2003. As the largest single group of ethnicities that does not have their own country, the Kurds are at odds with Iraq, Turkey, Syria, and Iran about the sovereignty and independence of these people to form their own country. Not only does the issue of legality accompany this problem but also the issue of where to acquire to land to start this new country called “Kurdistan.” Currently, there is a Kurdistan Regional Government that includes the Kurds political parties from various countries including the ones mentioned above. Another reason the Kurds wish to seek independence from their respected countries is the amount of violence towards them. They are unfairly targeted within these countries because of their ethnicity. A sovereign state for these individuals would allow them to seek shelter from the hostility inflicted upon them.

My government of Indonesia tends to take a more neutral approach to this issue because of the existing ties between Indonesia and the Kurds, Indonesia and East Timor (in regards to its independence), many western nations (in regards to important allies and trading partners), and Indonesia and the Middle East (in regards to Islam). Indonesia is a country, although primarily of Islamic backgrounds, embracive towards many different cultures and religions, and the rights of those cultures and religions to practice their own ideals. As in the case with East Timor, we granted a primarily Christian country independence and sovereignty from us. A major reason why we are neutral is issue is the conflicting ties we have with different regions of the world. We enjoy positive relationships with many western countries and consider the United States and the countries of the European Union close allies. The United States and most countries in the European Union are advocating independence for the Kurds due to the multiply human rights violations towards them. It is important for our country to disagree with these countries stance on a Kurdistan because they are vital trading partners and influential countries. On the other hand, Indonesia has close ties with many Middle Eastern countries because we share a common bond through religion (Islam). Many Middle Eastern countries are against the idea of an independent state for the Kurds because it would involve giving up part of their population and/or land. Furthermore, many of the different Muslim ethnic groups are against the Kurds and general and do not think they are deserving of their own sovereign country. Because of these two conflicting points of view, Indonesia states neutrality on this issue.

Although Indonesia is neutral in the idea of a common state for the Kurds, we do feel that there are many issues dealing with the Kurds and other countries that need to be addressed. First and foremost, the violence again Kurds must stop immediately if there is going to be any progress with talks, treaties, and agreements. Although some Muslim groups are tolerant of the Kurds, a majority of these ethnic groups are not tolerate of Kurd’s (specifically the Shia and Sunni’s). These groups have gone as far as to gas and kill thousands of these individuals at once. Nothing will progress unless peace is first realized and accomplished. Indonesia remains optimistic that a compromise can be reached with both sides satisfied.

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Italy – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: Italy
Delegate Name: Gabi Rome
School: Royal Oak High School

The issue of Kurdistan is a battle among giants. Noting the Kurds representation in the four primary geopolitical powers, (The Arab World, NATO, The Warsaw Pact and the Soviet Bloc, as well as the South Asian-Central Asian Bloc) the Italian Republic is aware that

any action which is to be rationally applied to the region must be reached through extreme caution.

The debate over Kurdistan has the potential to become the straw under which the Middle East collapses. Therefore Italy believes that fostering growth between the international community and the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) would be in the best interest of all nations. On November 16th 2008 the Italian Republic’s Secretary of State for Economic Development and Foreign Trade , Mr. Adolpho Urso, convened with Kurdish leaders at the Italian Economic Forum with the interest of bringing together Italy’s Economic Commission and the Kurdistan Federation of Chambers of Commerce. Embracing fiscal solutions will help establish Kurdistan as the gateway to Iraq, an approach of mutuality if ever one was implemented.

Both the Italian government and Italian firms are committed to encouraging companies to invest in the oasis that is Kurdistan. Such stimulation should greatly assist the Kurdish Region with agriculture, industry, heavy machinery, energy development and other sectors.” (IED/article 2) Italy is willing to work for the benefit of all Iraq, and our continued dialogue and investment is an example of this policy.

Considering that Italy played a key role in the liberation of Iraq, our own commercial presence in the area is strong. However, Kurdistan’s monetary capabilities is not all that is noteworthy in the region. On October 23rd we granted Layla Zana, a Kurdish politician, honorary nationality in Rome for her work with human rights within the region. To embellish upon the no-fly zone that the United States established is key in order to protect the lives and rights of the Kurdish people.

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Libya – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: Libya
Delegate Name: Amanda Orley
School: Cranbrook Kingswood

The dispute between the Kurd’s in Iraq and Turkey is an issue that needs to be dealt with immediately. The fact that the United Nations has let a known terrorist party get away with terrorist activity for as long as it has is unacceptable. The safety and well-being of Turkey needs to be protected as soon as possible. The delegation of Libya will not comply with any negotiation plans with the PKK in Iraq, and urges the rest of the United Nations to stand strong by this policy.

The delegation of Libya recognizes Turkey’s request to avoid UN military intervention, but under no circumstances should the United Nations permit terrorist activity when action can be made to prevent it. The former Turkish Prime Minister Culent Ecevit, who argues for a Turkish military intervention, says: “Kurds in Iraq want to create a powerful political party that will incorporate them all. They will succeed in this. They are also thinking of creating a parallel Kurdish party in Turkey. They may succeed in this. After succeeding in this, they will query why should we live in two distinct territories. After a political evolution they will be asking Turkey to give up territory.” Iraqi Kurds have a history of rebelling against the central government in Baghdad and still conducts strikes in Turkey. These threats need to be taken more seriously and dealt with by the international community as a whole. If the Iraqi and Turkish Kurd’s can agree to peace after the terrorist affiliation is broken up, they should be granted rights to practice their ethnic, religious and cultural activities how they chose while abiding to a treaty. The creation of a Kurdish state in northern Iraq would be potentially detrimental to Baghdad and surrounding countries.

Libya would like to note that Kurdish representation should be acknowledged before taking severe action. We would also look favorably upon the Security Council forming a military unit specializing in disassembling the PKK while restoring peace and subsequently, Iraq. The delegation of Libya would like to remind the council that the Turkish parliament has approved military strikes in Iraq anytime during the next year. United Nations officials should implement increased border control and security in northern Iraq. More turmoil will result if the threatening Kurd’s are not dealt with. The delegation of Libya recognizes that all of the Kurd’s in north Iraq and Turkey are not participating in terrorist activity but from an international perspective, immediate military action should still be taken.

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Panama – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: Panama

The creation of an independent state of Kurdistan has been a major issue for the past decade. Panama acknowledges that the culture of the Kurds is in danger of becoming undermined by the states it presides in currently. We would like to prevent this loss of a rich Kurdish culture. Kurds live in Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey and these regions are not all connected. So, Panama believes that these Kurdish regions within separate states should become more than one Kurdish state. This will prevent major conflict within the middle east because the non- Kurdish regions of Iraq and others will not be seceded from the countries as a result of geographical complications. The creation of more than one independent Kurdish state will be the most benificiary solution to all parties involved.

Panama is composed of many human rights organizations and our motto is "for the benefit of the world." So we, as a nation, are supporting the solution that is advantageous to the majority of the nations involved. Turkey, where most of the Kurds live currently will benefit by the creation of separate Kurdish states because they would be seceding their most economically depressed region. Turkey would improve economically, socially and internationally according to Professor M. R. Izady. Syria would be little if at all effected by the change because they will have little terrritorial loss. Iraq would lose oil, but this would be easily forgotten because Iraq has much more oil in its southern regions. Iran is made up of ethnic minorities, so the loss of the Kurds would be barely noticeable. Iran would most benefit from the creation of more than one Kurdish state as opposed to one because they would lose less land in the option Panama is proposing. National identity cannot just be found by one common characteristic, and for this reason the Kurds should not become one independent state, but many.

The land the Kurds occupy holds many natural resources including oil, petroleum and water, so this would be their economic boost needed to start new independent states. The Kurds do not even want to form one unified state, so the solution being proposed is in the best interests of everyone. The groups of Kurds that occupy separate areas of land currently, have differences that cannot be ignored when considering the situation at hand. This is why Panama believes the creation of many Kurdistans would be the best solution.

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Russia – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: Russia
Delegate Name: Eric Becker
School: Saginaw Arts and Sciences Academy

he Russian Federation has long been a supporter of the rights of the Kurdish people and has a long and enduring history with the Kurdish people with deep roots for both the Kurdish and Russian people alike.

Just last year, the Russian Federation opened a consulate in the Kurdish city of Erbil in Northern Iraq; this action served only to strengthen our ties with Kurdistan and its people. The Russian Federation has faith in the Kurdish people and leaders, and welcomes the opportunities that our consulate provides. The Russian Federation also encourages the Kurdish people to use opportunities like these to reach out and forge cultural and economic ties with the international community in order to build their diplomatic prestige.

The Russian Federation has confidence in Kurdish leaders, and especially the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG), on such issues as securing the situation in the Kurdistan region. The Russian Federation is also confident that the KRG will serve the common interests of both sides of this question, and pave the way for a prosperous and secure future.

The Russian Federation as well recognizes that all actions taken to improve the lives of the people of Kurdistan must be carefully evaluated and risk-assessed. The issue of Kurdistan is a multi-faceted and multilateral situation that cannot be summarized easily, and should not be. And in the interests of Kurdistan and Russian-Kurdish relations, the Russian Federation is eager to work with the KRG, the Kurdish citizens, and others to resolve this issue and to take the proper actions that will serve the interests of the Kurdish people, the Russian people, and the world.

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South Africa – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: South Africa
Delegate Name: Kelsey Weyhing
School: Williamston High School

The delegation of South Africa acknowledges the difficulties that accompany the secession of a minority group from their current country. The Kurdish people within the mountainous region where the borders of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey meet are misrepresented and, being of non-Arabic descent, often are not accepted by their respective nations. Violence between the Turkish authorities and Kurdish minority groups can be traced from several Kurdish rebellions in the nineteen twenties to the current conflicts arising between the Turkish government and the PKK, which has led to tension along the Turkish-Iraqi border. The Republic of South Africa is deeply concerned by the violence between the PKK and the government of Turkey and believes that the establishment of a “Greater Kurdistan” would call for the cooperation of not only the Kurdish peoples but their respective nations as well.

The Kurdish region is a pivotal factor in regards to the issue of peace within the Middle East and careful consideration of the consequences of a “Greater Kurdistan” must be taken into account when proposing a solution for the issue of the Kurdish people. The secession of the Kurdish peoples from their respective nations would create further political unrest and most likely be met with border disputes or violence within the region. Political differences between separate Kurdish groups make the formation of a “Greater Kurdistan” a difficult and complicated solution. The Republic of South Africa believes that the Kurdish peoples must be fully represented by prominent members of each nation in question. A united front must be presented to the global community by those of Kurdish descent if any headway is to be made in regards to the establishment of a “Greater Kurdistan.”

The delegation of South Africa calls for an end to the multiple human rights violations imposed upon the Kurds and suggests that peace talks between the Kurds and their respective countries be held in order to reach a solution. The consent of all parties involved in the issue is critical to establishing peace within the Kurdish region and the Middle East.

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United Kingdom – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: United Kingdom
Delegate Name: Elizabeth Liquigli
School: Forest Hills Northern High School

There has been mention of a people called the Kurds for hundreds of years. They are not Arab and so are denied a place within their home: the Middle East. And their shared customs, language, and religions alienate them from other places. Spread out over three major countries— Iran, Iraq, and Turkey— the region referred to as Kurdistan has no definitive borders and no passports. Scattered in refugee camps, and persecuted by those begrudging countries that allow the Kurds to reside within their borders, the Kurds are a people rapidly losing hope.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland believes that the region known as Kurdistan and the Kurdish people need to form a united, democratic, front with which to face the world. In negotiations, especially, between Iraqi Kurdistan and Iraq, there have been numerous breakdowns in communication. Although progress has been made, and Kurdistan has taken full advantage of the “oil for food” program, it is the opinion of the United Kingdom that if Kurdistan is ever expected to function, either as an autonomous state or as an appendage of the Iraqi government, a more cohesive and democratic front must be formed. Kurdistan must be united in its aims, and undivided in its methods.

The United Kingdom recognizes the transition into democracy and the formation or merging of a government are not easy or quick processes; but the need for the Kurdish people to unite and heal is too great to be ignored. The land that the Kurds claim as their own is rich in natural resources, and is also occupied by other countries. However, through negotiations and diligent communication, some agreement may be reached and the hostilities between the people of Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and Kurdistan may finally cease.

Since American troops have established a no-fly zone over northern Iraq, there has been a safe place for the millions of Iraqi Kurds who have been forced from their homes in previous years. The United Kingdom would like to commend the United States on its valiant efforts, however more must be done. United Nations intervention and aid is crucial to the survival and success of a peaceful Kurdistan. Even with such gestures from the Iraqi government such as the formation of a new flag, the old hurts left behind by Saddam Hussein have not yet healed. The Kurds need to form a united front and face down the past that haunts them. They must then look to a more peaceful and productive future. The United Kingdom supports the efforts of the Kurds to reach this destination.

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United States – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: United States
Delegate Name: Tucker Marks
School: Forest Hills Central High School

The United States of America is well aware of the ongoing desire for independence of the Kurdish people. They have been persecuted for centuries by various governments, including the former Iraqi government under Saddam Hussein. The United States sees that the Kurdish people truly desire self-government, and sees that they have gone great lengths to attain this goal in northeastern Iraq, where they have regional autonomy, and have become a beacon of stability in a chaotic area. The problem of terrorism related to a group within the Kurdish population is also of great concern, as it threatens the peace and stability of this region. A solution needs to be reached that meets the needs of the Kurdish people and eliminates the terrorism of groups like the Kurdistan Worker’s Party (PKK).

This solution, however, is not the creation of an independent Kurdistan, in the view of the United States. Creating an independent Kurdistan would harm many more things than it would solve; the countries on this new nation’s borders would be very hostile, damaging this new nation’s growth. This action would also have negative effects on the surrounding countries, particularly in the volatile nation of Iraq. Currently, Iraqi Kurdistan is a model for the rest of Iraq to follow, peaceful, secure, prosperous, and stable. They are largely autonomous from the rest of Iraq, with their own laws, own Prime Minister, and their own borders. Right now, Iraqi Kurdistan is a stronghold for stability, and were it to leave, the results would be disastrous. An independent Kurdistan would provide a new target for insurgents, and create more instability and volatility in the Iraqi government. A single, unified Iraq is critical to any success in calming the region, as separating even part of it would cause a domino effect of secessions from Iraq, further destabilizing the region.

The people of Kurdistan would also be better off as an autonomous region in Iraq. They would be supported by the United States Military, as they are currently, for the duration of our presence in the region as needed. They would also have less to fear regarding hostile neighbors, as the opposing country would not just be attacking Kurdistan, but also Iraq. When Iraq’s economy recovers, it will create a mutually beneficial trade relationship that would be possible under an independent Kurdistan.

As previously mentioned, the issue of terrorism is also of great concern. The actions of the PKK in Turkey are entirely unacceptable, and must be eliminated. The War on Terror does not exist only in Iraq and Afghanistan, but in all parts of the world. The United States of America has zero tolerance for terrorism of any kind, and will assist Turkey as we have already in removing the threat of the PKK in the region. This terrorism threatens to destabilize the most stable region of Iraq, and if this violence increases and spreads further into Iraq from Turkey, the results would be disastrous.

The United States of America looks forward to working with all countries that wish to end terrorism, help the stability of the Middle East, and help the people of Kurdistan. While we eagerly await discussing this topic with our European allies, many of who have differing policies, and all who would support our goal, the most important group to consider are the people of Kurdistan themselves, as any resolution that is to be reached must be for their benefit.

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Vietnam – Question of Kurdistan (GLIMUN 2008)

Topic: Question of Kurdistan
Country: Vietnam
Delegate Name: Jaclyn Pilcowitz
School: Cranbrook Kingswood

The delegation of Vietnam recognizes the issues that could arise with the desire of an ethic group to secede from its country of residence and form an independent state. With the wishes of many Kurdish minorities, there has been much debate on the formation of a “Greater Kurdistan,” a state that would unify the separated minority groups. Vietnam understands that the secession of the Kurdish people from various nations, such as Iraq, would only lead to further political unrest and violence amongst countries along their borders. Measures must also be taken to help decrease the amount of discrimination towards the Kurdish people in Turkey. Vietnam feels that the body must address the current situation and the decision to form a “Greater Kurdistan,” and we must constantly keep the best interest of the Kurdish people in mind while preparing an effective resolution.

As a nation that unified its northern and southern regions in 1976, Vietnam feels that unification is one of the only means of diminishing political instability. Although our unification may have stimulated much turmoil in the beginning, it only led to progression and prosperity as time went on. If it is possible to bring an ethnic group from different parts of the globe together to form an independent state, it should be done to preserve culture and would allow them to aim towards advancement.

Vietnam would like to note that if maintaining the interest of the Kurdish people is to be of the utmost importance, a committee of Kurdish leaders from each of the nations with a significant Kurdish presence should be assembled. This would enable the Security Council to work with this committee and would not only provide for the valuable input of the Kurdish people, but also allow them to be represented fairly. If the creation of an independent state is viewed favorably by most of the Kurdish leaders, the United Nations should support the Kurdish people in developing a homeland. To prevent violence and attacks from surrounding regions, Vietnam is in favor of calling upon the Security Council to form a military unit with the purpose of protecting “Greater Kurdistan.” The council should also monitor the distribution of power within the newly formed state to ensure the creation of a just political system. Lastly, even though the Kurdish economy has the potential to prosper as a producer of oil, other sources of income and means of industrialization should be implemented in the nation as well. Overall, Vietnam supports the unification of the Kurdish people to build a “Greater Kurdistan.” We request that the Security Council respects the wishes of the Kurdish people, and aids them in the creation of an independent state, if that is what they desire as an often-oppressed minority group.

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