Combating Transnational Crime Organizations

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: France
Delegate Name: Khai-Thi Pham

The French Republic recognizes the grave threat that transnational crime organizations pose to global security, economic stability, and human rights. Organized criminal networks engaged in drug trafficking, human trafficking, arms smuggling, and money laundering undermine state sovereignty and fuel violence. France remains committed to international cooperation in addressing these challenges and upholding the rule of law through multilateral frameworks such as the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).

Transnational crime generates billions of dollars annually, often at the expense of human lives and economic stability. France has experienced the impacts of organized crime, particularly in the form of drug trafficking networks operating across Europe and financial crimes linked to money laundering. Additionally, technology has provided criminal organizations with new tools to evade law enforcement, making cyber-enabled crime a growing concern.
One of the key challenges is the interconnected nature of transnational crime, where criminal networks exploit weak border controls, political instability, and gaps in international law enforcement collaboration. France emphasizes the need for enhanced intelligence-sharing mechanisms and coordinated cross-border operations to dismantle these networks effectively.

France acknowledges the contributions of the UNODC in combatting transnational crime, particularly through the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) and its associated protocols. The UNODC’s initiatives in financial crime prevention, illicit drug trade disruption, and human trafficking investigations have yielded significant results, including the seizure of large quantities of illegal drugs and weapons, as highlighted in the 2023 Annual Report.
Despite these successes, further efforts are required to address the evolving tactics of criminal organizations. France advocates for expanding the UNODC’s digital forensics and cybercrime investigation capabilities to combat modern threats more effectively.

France reaffirms its commitment to working with the UNODC and the international community in the fight against transnational organized crime. By strengthening intelligence-sharing mechanisms, tightening financial crime regulations, enhancing border security, addressing cybercrime, and protecting trafficking victims, the global community can better combat these criminal organizations. France stands ready to collaborate on comprehensive and sustainable solutions to dismantle transnational criminal networks and ensure global security and stability.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Republic of Korea
Delegate Name: Julia O’Brien

The Republic of Korea recognizes the grave danger of transnational organized crimes, specifically the trafficking of humans, drugs, wildlife, and illegal goods. The Republic of Korea is committed to fighting organized crime through domestic legislation and through international collaboration. However, challenges remain, and global efforts must adapt and evolve to confront the growing complexity of transnational crime.
The Republic of Korea has taken a proactive approach to stop human trafficking, through providing assistance to victims and cooperating with international law enforcement. The Republic of Korea has created victim identification guidelines, increased sentencing for convicted traffickers, and creating a national hotline for any who observe signs of human trafficking. However, trafficking still remains a serious issue, specifically when it comes to trafficking of immigrants, who are then put into forced labor.
The Republic of Korea experiences limited arms trafficking due to strict laws on firearm possession, however, it has nevertheless implemented initiatives to reduce the flow of illicit arms. Weapon seizure programs have been particularly successful in removing illegal firearms. Notably, citizens are not allowed to carry automatic rifles, handguns, or any guns for personal protection. Additionally the max penalty for illicit firearm possession is up to 15 years. The Republic of Korea supports expanding these initiatives on a global scale to reduce the trafficking of illicit arms.
The Republic of Korea has become a destination for trafficking wildlife products such as ivory and rhino horns. The Republic of Korea supports efforts by international organizations to label specific shipping routes, such as the Republic of Korea-China route, as high-risk zones for wildlife trafficking.
Despite the significant measures mentioned above, The Republic of Korea still faces challenges in addressing transnational crime. Though The Republic of Korea has made progress in fighting forced labor, there are still gaps in enforcement, particularly regarding migrant workers. These workers lack access to legal protection and face systematic exploitation due to fear of deportation. The Republic of Korea must enhance labor protections and guarantee that migrant workers are fully integrated into the legal framework to prevent exploitation by criminal organizations.
The Republic of Korea is ready to leverage our advanced technological capabilities to combat organized crime. Through enhancing the use of surveillance technologies, data analytics, and AI, The Republic of Korea can track and disrupt illegal criminal networks. Furthermore, international collaboration on technological advancements would strengthen efforts to fight cyber related crimes.
The Republic of Korea calls for increased global coordination, improved use of technology, and stronger anti-corruption measures to tackle organized crime networks and protect human rights. By working together, the international community can build a safer, more secure world free from the dangers of transnational crime.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Turkey
Delegate Name: Maryam Sadullaeva

Türkiye strongly believes transnational organized crime must be stopped to protect each country’s citizens. For many years, Türkiye has been the world’s leading host country for waves of immigrants and refugees, promising them what they need. However, this promise is yet to be fulfilled because of the organization of human trafficking. Türkiye’s population has been the victim of this issue, specifically vulnerable communities such as refugees, children, immigrants, and women. These people are then forced to do labor and be sexually exploited by criminal organizations. Additionally, Türkiye has been an important state in the process of migrant smuggling to Europe, because of its geographic location. Our location, intersection to Asia, Middle East, and Europe, and long borders help countries such as Syria and Afghanistan to smuggle people. Türkiye understands how dire it is to solve its problem of human trafficking and has been progressing in this matter.

Legal measures regarding human trafficking in Türkiye have been passed to combat this issue. To help victims of trafficking, the National Task Force on Fight Against Human Trafficking was founded in 2002. This task force includes government institutions and NGOs to create policies that include preventing human trafficking, perpetration of traffickers, and protection of victims. Additionally, two National Action Plans (NAP) were put into action. These NAPs were created to bring Türkiye to the level of fighting against human trafficking that other countries are currently at. These issues don’t just affect Türkiye, but also other countries, which is why a bilateral cooperation agreement was signed with Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, and Kyrgyzstan. An agreement with other nations allows for stronger responses to this issue because of the amount of support, resources, and organization. Despite all of these steps, some work needs to be done. For example, many human traffickers who commit sexual exploitation have been given lesser offenses by law enforcement. Adding strict regulations on law enforcement charging traffickers with the correct sentences will help get justice. Another issue is the lack of support for all victims of human trafficking. Though Türkiye has created programs for victims, such as the Victim Support Program, expanding these programs to include all victims, despite their identifiers, can help many communities.

The greatest way to help communities is to stop this at the root. One point not addressed throughout these legislations is the amount of fake documents used for this process. Criminal organizations utilize fake documentation to traffick people across borders. To combat this, implementing stricter policies, within a resolution, on reviewing documentation will help reduce successful trafficking. Another useful implementation would be gaining more agreements with multiple countries. This will allow a transnational deal to support one another and help stop any trafficking systems between nations. A problem that has not been confronted is the lack of updating Türkiye’s NAPs about human trafficking since 2009. Many other countries have issues with staying up to date, so a resolution that forces countries to renew their NAPS will help solutions continue to support. Human trafficking is an issue that affects many nations and so many people. Instead of working on this individually, nations must work together to save our people.

SOURCES:
“Turkey.” Global Organized Crime Index, Global Organized Crime Index, ocindex.net/assets/downloads/2023/english/ocindex_profile_turkey_2023.pdf. Accessed 10 Feb. 2025.
“Türkiye on Trafficking in Human Beings.” Türkiye on Trafficking in Human Beings / Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs, www.mfa.gov.tr/turkiye-on-trafficking-in-human-beings.en.mfa#:~:text=Turkish%20Government%20closely%20cooperates%20with,victims%20of%20trafficking%20in%20persons. Accessed 11 Feb. 2025.
“Turkey’s Fight against Human Trafficking.” Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Interior Presidency of Migration Management, Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Interior, en.goc.gov.tr/turkey%E2%80%99s-fight-against-human-trafficking. Accessed 8 Feb. 2025.
“2024 Trafficking in Persons Report: Turkey (Türkiye).” U.S. Department of State, U.S. Department of State, www.state.gov/reports/2024-trafficking-in-persons-report/turkey/. Accessed 8 Feb. 2025.
“2023 Trafficking in Persons Report: Turkey.” U.S. Department of State, U.S. Department of State, www.state.gov/reports/2023-trafficking-in-persons-report/turkey/. Accessed 8 Feb. 2025.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Brazil
Delegate Name: William Monroe

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Brazil
Delegate Name: William Monroe

Brazil, as the largest country in South America and a key regional actor is deeply committed to addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by transnational organized crime. Our country’s expansive borders, location, and economic influence have made it a transit and target point for a variety of criminal activities, including—but not limited to—drug trafficking, arms smuggling, human trafficking, and money laundering. Throughout our time attempting to tackle the issue of transnational organized crime, Brazil has engaged in many different efforts against organized crime, both domestic and international. Domestically, Brazil has passed laws such as Law 12,850/2013, which defines and provides tools to dismantle criminal organizations, and Law 9,613/1998, which targets money laundering. Brazil has also involved our Federal police in matters involving organized crime, as well as establishing the Financial Intelligence Unit to allow for further investigation and prosecution of organized crime. On the international stage, Brazil participates in several multinational initiatives, including the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) as well as participating in regional programs such as MERCOSUR and the South American Council on Citizen Security, Justice, and Coordination of Actions against Transnational Organized Crime. However, several challenges remain in our fight against organized crime. Brazil’s extensive land and maritime borders, shared with ten other countries, complicate enforcement efforts and require sustained cooperation across borders.
Taking inspiration from our previous international experience, Brazil suggests the establishment of a UNODC-led “Global Coalition Against Organized Crime,” bringing together member states, international organizations, and civil society to share intelligence, best practices, and resources. This coalition would also focus on harmonizing legal frameworks to best facilitate prosecution internationally. Shifting aims, Brazil would like to target organized crime from it’s source – it’s finance. Brazil supports the creation of an International Task Force on Financial Crime under the UNODC. This task force would work to track and disrupt illicit financial flows by fostering cooperation among financial intelligence units, banks, and technology companies. Given the increasing prevalence of cyber-enabled crime, Brazil calls for the establishment of a UNODC Cybercrime Training and Resource Center. This center would focus on building up member states with the goal of enabling them to investigate and prosecute cybercrime, with an emphasis on combating crimes such as online fraud, trafficking, and the dark web activities of organized criminal groups. Having witnessed many of the horrors of organized crime within our own borders, Brazil is able to recognize the deep impact that organized crime has on the people of a country affected by organized crime. Therefore, The delegation proposes the creation of a UNODC-administered fund to support victims of human trafficking, forced labor, and other crimes. Additionally, Brazil advocates for programs aimed at strengthening community resilience through education, economic opportunities, and social services in areas most affected by organized crime.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: United States of America
Delegate Name: Reyansh Tagore

Topic: 2025-Preserving Free and Fair Elections
Country: United States of America
Delegate Name: Reyansh Tagore
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Preserving Free and Fair Elections
United States of America
Reyansh Tagore
Greenhills School

The United States of America is very strong in the opposition of drugs and crime as the nation is involved with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC, this committee), U.S. DEA Operations, and other Sanctions & Law Enforcement Cooperation.
In addition, the United States strongly believes in the enforcement and advancement of anti cybercrime initiatives, diplomatic and military aid, and financial regulations. All three of these distantly combat physical problems. Specifically, these directly aim to disband cartels, or prevent attacks.

Works Cited
Sozan, Michael. “An American Democracy Built for the People: Why Democracy Matters and How to Make It Work for the 21st Century.” Center for American Progress, 26 Sept. 2024, www.americanprogress.org/article/an-american-democracy-built-for-the-people-why-democracy-matters-and-how-to-make-it-work-for-the-21st-century/.

Wikipedia Contributors. “Electoral Reform in the United States.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Jan. 2025, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_reform_in_the_United_States.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Vietnam
Delegate Name: Sophia Kaulen

The Socialist Republic of Vietnam recognizes the severe global threat posed by transnational crime organizations. These organizations have a far-reaching impact on international safety, economic stability, and governmental integrity. Transnational crime is responsible for illicit activities such as drug trafficking, human trafficking, arms smuggling, money laundering, and corruption, all of which undermine national and international security. The economic cost of transnational crime is estimated in the hundreds of billions of dollars annually, but the toll on human lives is immeasurable. Vietnam acknowledges the complexity of this issue, as criminal organizations evolve and utilize advanced technologies to expand their reach. As a nation with direct exposure to transnational criminal networks, particularly in the Southeast Asian region, Vietnam understands the importance of confronting organized crime to protect its people and contribute to global stability. Vietnam is located near regions historically associated with significant drug production and trafficking, such as the Golden Triangle. The government of Vietnam has consistently demonstrated a strong commitment to combatting all forms of transnational crime, with a particular focus on narcotics trafficking, through a zero-tolerance approach and comprehensive enforcement measures. In line with our commitment to combatting organized crime, Vietnam has strengthened national laws and established frameworks to address various forms of criminal activity. The Law on Prevention and Control of Narcotic Drugs (2021) and the Penal Code (2015) are critical in our efforts to combat the illicit drug trade and related crimes. Additionally, Vietnam works closely with neighboring countries through initiatives such as ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) and the Mekong MOU (Memorandum of Understanding) to disrupt transnational drug trafficking networks and promote regional cooperation. Vietnam is also actively involved in international partnerships with organizations such as the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), which plays a pivotal role in enhancing the capacity of member states to tackle organized crime. For example, Vietnam’s collaboration with ASEAN and UNODC’s regional initiatives aims to build stronger border security measures, improve law enforcement capabilities, and facilitate the sharing of intelligence to combat cross-border crime effectively. While significant progress in addressing the issue of transnational organized crime has been made, there remain key challenges that need to be tackled both within our borders, and internationally. Despite efforts to maintain a low level of corruption, some regions still face corruption within law enforcement and governmental structures, which complicates efforts to combat organized crime. Criminal organizations often exploit these vulnerabilities to gain influence and evade justice. Criminal organizations often use technology to hide illegal activity actions on digital platforms, making it difficult for law enforcement to stop them and for that, more investment in cybercrime capabilities is needed. Border security and surveillance are still not strong enough in Southeast Asia, including Vietnam. Smuggling and trafficking are ongoing problems. Better border controls, surveillance technology, and more cooperation between countries are needed to stop these crimes.
Vietnam believes fighting transnational crime requires countries working together and to improve cooperation, Vietnam suggests strengthening partnerships through ASEAN and the Mekong MOU. Joint border operations and intelligence sharing could be crucial when putting organized crime to bed. Vietnam expresses its commitment to the global fight against transnational organized crime. While progress has been made, there is still much work to be done to address the evolving nature of criminal organizations. Vietnam calls upon all member states to enhance international cooperation, improve law enforcement capabilities, and prioritize efforts to combat corruption in the fight against organized crime. By working together, we can disrupt criminal networks, safeguard rights, and ensure a more secure future for all.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Cuba
Delegate Name: Ayush Garg

Cuba’s approach to combating transnational crime organizations is shaped by its geopolitical stance, socialist principles, and tensions with the United States. The Cuban government strongly opposes organized crime, especially drug trafficking and money laundering, viewing them as harmful to both Cuban society and regional stability. The Communist Party of Cuba uses a strong hold over the country to exert its authority over organized crime. Cuba participates in regional and international efforts through organizations like the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and other regional organizations designed to fight crime. These organizations are linked with other Central and Southern American countries to try and destabilize organized crime.

The Cuban government is emphasizing the need for international cooperation to address the root causes of crime, including poverty and inequality. Given its strategic location, Cuba has implemented measures to control drug trafficking, strengthening border controls and surveillance to intercept and seize illicit substances. Cuba links transnational crime to global issues exacerbated by capitalist economic systems, particularly criticizing U.S. policies and the global drug trade. The government advocates for broader international cooperation to tackle these challenges beyond national borders. Cuba and the U.S. have had limited cooperation in countering narcotics and law enforcement, efforts are often constrained by broader political and economic tensions. Overall, Cuba remains committed to addressing transnational crime but faces ongoing debate about the effectiveness of its strategies in the context of its centralized system and regional politics.

The Communist Party of Cuba maintains order by ensuring control over criminal organizations that have great impacts on the Cuban people and international persons.

Sources:
https://ocindex.net/assets/downloads/2023/english/ocindex_profile_cuba_2023.pdf

https://www.un.org/en/ga/sixth/75/int_terrorism/cuba_e.pdf

https://misiones.cubaminrex.cu/en/articulo/international-cooperation-criminal-matters-essential-element-addressing-these-scourges

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Somalia
Delegate Name: Ashu Bharath

Transnational organized crime poses a significant and growing threat to national and international security, with dire implications for public safety, public health, democratic institutions, and economic stability across the globe. Not only are criminal networks expanding, but they also are diversifying their activities, resulting in the convergence of threats that were once distinct and today have explosive and destabilizing effects.
Somalia’s drug trafficking landscape is multifaceted, involving both traditional substances like khat and the transit of more illicit drugs. Somalia’s strategic location along with unprotected borders make it susceptible to being used as a transit point for illicit drugs destined for other regions. UNODC has noted that weak border controls and limited law enforcement capabilities cause the region to be attractive to international drug trafficking syndicates.
Serious crimes such as homicide, trafficking in persons, smuggling of migrants, firearms and ammunition trafficking, illicit narcotics trafficking, piracy, financial crimes, and extortion, along with continued terrorist attacks, continue to undermine security and sustainable development. Increasing incidents of violence against women and children, including sexual offences, is concerning. Somalia is a key origin and transit country for refugees and migrants moving along the Eastern Route towards the Arabian Peninsula, with thousands departing by boat each year from the coastal cities of Berbera and Bosaso. Additionally, Somalia is a destination country. According to UNHCR, Somalia hosts over 39,000 refugees and asylum seekers as of May 2024.
The 2023 Global Organized Crime Index stated that Somalia hosts one of the most pervasive arms trafficking markets in Africa. The number of illicit weapons circulating in the country is significant, and involves various types of criminal groups. In addition to local clan militias and transnational criminal networks, militant groups linked to al-Shabaab are heavily involved in the market. The UN Security Council lifted the embargo on Somalia’s government however maintained it on al-Shabaab. First imposed by UNSC Resolution 733, on 23 January 1992, the embargo on the Somali government was designed to stem the flow of weapons into the country during the civil war that followed the ousting of President Mohamed Siad Barre. Over the past three decades, the embargo has been amended through subsequent resolutions, and due to improvements observed in the marking and registration of weapons, the proposal to fully lift it was eventually adopted. Lifting the embargo aims to strengthen Somalia’s security forces, although it is argued Somali institutions lack the capacity to manage an increased influx of weapons. Furthermore, this has caused leakages from government stockpiles. Reports show that 35 to 40% of imported weapons in Somalia, after the 2013 embargo easing, ended up in the black market. Limited security in ammunition depots increases the risk of weapons falling into the wrong hands as well.
In partnership with the Federal Republic of Somalia and the U.S. The Department of State, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, UNODC is strengthening the criminal investigative capacity of Somalia’s Police Force to improve safety and security across Somalia. To assist the Federal Government of Somalia and the Federal Member States in addressing these challenges, UNODC has been implementing the Criminal Investigation Programme, which supports the Somali Police Force Criminal Investigation Department at the Federal level along with Criminal Investigation Units at the Federal Member State level. Its objectives are to promote an effective response to major and complex crimes by enhancing the strategic and operational capacity of criminal investigators in order to investigate criminal offences and create strategies and policies. Approximately 25% of all crimes investigated by investigators trained under the Criminal Investigation Program have been sexual or gender-based violence. Moreover, 80% have involved child victims.
In order to address this compounded issue that encompasses drug trafficking, human trafficking, arms trafficking, along with migrant smuggling, collaboration is necessary. Strengthening law enforcement and border security through monitoring key ports and border crossings, employing the use of advanced surveillance technologies, and enhancing intelligence communication would aid in monitoring what traverses a country’s borders. Furthermore, developing rehabilitation centers along with conducting public awareness campaigns about the dangers of drug use and trafficking would be beneficial. Additionally, enhancing stockpile security to prevent weapons from leaking into illicit markets, along with conducting regular weapons audits to ensure accountability would be greatly advantageous to the efforts in ceasing arms trafficking. Solving these multifaceted problems requires international collaboration, governmental engagement, and investment in socio-economic reforms, implementing solutions such as these can significantly reduce the detrimental effects of transnational crime.

Works Cited (links):

https://www.state.gov/reports/2024-trafficking-in-persons-report/somalia/?utm_source
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2121649/?utm_source
https://www.unodc.org/easternafrica/en/illicit-drugs/drug-trafficking-patterns.html?utm_source
https://globalinitiative.net/analysis/arms-trafficking-somalia-ocindex/?utm_source

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Canada
Delegate Name: Noah Bossingham

Canada is very concerned about Transnational Organized Crime and are constantly working to combat it. Canada believes that doing are finest to remove any transnational crime is one of our top priorities and we are also proud of the fact that canada is the best at combating transnational crime in continental North America.
Transnational Organized crime had been an issue for a while. Aand continues to plague all countries today. The UN adopted the The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime in 2000 by the general assembly and states how member countries should respond to organized crime.
Transnational Crime is a problem due to not only the lives they take and ruin but also the billions of dollars they generate illegally every year. And despite what is being done this is still an issue that plagues us today. To solve this problem Canada last December implemented a border plan to solve the problem.
Canada will and always will fight against organized crime and encourages other countries to do the same.

Works Cited
“Criminality in Canada.” Organized crime index, 2023, https://ocindex.net/country/canada. Accessed 14 02 2025.
“Working Together to Combat Organized Crime.” Government of Canada, 2024, https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/cmbtng-rgnzd-crm/index-en.aspx. Accessed 14 02 2025.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Sierra Leone
Delegate Name: Sylvia Duncan

Transnational Criminal Organizations
The delegation of Sierra Leone believes that transnational organized crime is dangerous and measures need to be implemented to stop it. Many different traditional organized crimes occur around the world and it’s a problem everywhere that needs to be solved by implementing government policies. Whether it’s drug trafficking, cyber hacking, human trafficking, money laundering, or gambling, all types of organized crimes stir up countries and endanger citizens. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) has committed to helping combat transnational organized crime, with more needed to be done to ensure safety in the world.

Sierra Leone has severe cases of human trafficking, gender based violence, and child labor crimes. Many of these crimes involving trafficking are done in groups of 3-4 people. The Sierra Leone government has combacted this by increasing efforts to help the victims of cases of human trafficking by giving them legal counsel and temporary shelters to stay at. The government is currently investigating 34 trafficking cases and offers medical and council support during the tough legal process. Sierra Leone has also created the Anti-Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling Act of 2022 which criminalized sex trafficking and labor trafficking as well as prescribed penalties of a minimum of 25 years of imprisonment. In recent years illegal drug trafficking has been on the rise in Sierra Leone and across the world, leaving thousands dead because the drugs contain toxic chemicals . Sierra Leone has done their best to combat this issue by educating the general population about the harmful effects of these illegal drugs as well as seizing large amounts of illegal drugs from dealers. Many more things can be done to stop the illegal dealing of drugs such as increasing the amount of police at the border to make sure there is no drugs passing. In general, Sierra Leone hopes to help other countries to increase efforts to help and support victims of sex trafficking as well as combating the big war against drugs.

Sierra Leone hopes for more regulations that combat human trafficking as well as other transnational crimes that occur globally. Sierra Leone has created two governing bodies to help stop the spread of humaning trafficking. A task force advisory board which works on anti-trafficking policy as well as program monitoring. In addition to, a task force technological committee that coordinates program implementation that helps to report victims identification. The delegation would be happy to share our ideas about how to combat human trafficking and hope to share other useful ideas of how to battle transnational organized crime with the other nations in this committee.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Slovenia
Delegate Name: Cohen Ketner

Committee: UNODC
Country: Slovenia
School: Grand Haven High School
Author: Cohen A. Ketner
Topic B: Combating Organized Crime

Slovenia has multiple organized crime groups involved with corruption, money laundering, and human/drug trafficking. Slovenia supports all initiatives to put a stop to the crime as long as they are able to be granted help to stop slovenian organized crime. Slovenia’s membership in the European Union has made it a hot spot for illegal activities, particularly as organized crime groups exploit the country’s infrastructure and its location as a gateway to Western Europe. Drug trafficking has been a major issue. Slovenia also serves as a passageway for the movement of people, often associated with human trafficking.
Slovenia has attempted to create a larger law enforcement program to combat this. Slovenia has also agreed to international cooperation. They ask for help from other nations to help fight organized crime. Slovenia also believes that there should be stronger borders in the area to try to stop the trafficking. If a stronger border is put up then people will have to go through more lengths and spend more money on trafficking which could hurt them in the long run. They would like a more severe punishment for those who are caught trafficking. Currently slovenia’s punishment is 1-10 years in prison and up to 15 years if it involves minors being trafficked. One of the other solutions they see is spreading awareness of the crime. If people start to know about it then they will be more careful on possible methods of luring people into being kidnapped.
The Republic of Slovenia recognizes that organized crime is a global issue that requires international solidarity, concerted action, and ongoing dialogue. Slovenia remains committed to working with the international community to confront organized crime and reduce its impact on society. Through strengthening law enforcement, enhancing international cooperation, and addressing the root causes of criminal behavior, Slovenia is confident that significant progress can be made in combating organized crime

Works Cited
Binder, ByDavid, et al. “269. Organized Crime in the Balkans.” Wilson Center, www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/269-organized-crime-the-balkans. Accessed 13 Feb. 2025.
U.S. Department of State, U.S. Department of State, www.state.gov/reports/2023-trafficking-in-persons-report/slovenia/#:~:text=Article%20113%20of%20the%20criminal,victim%20or%20other%20aggravating%20factors. Accessed 13 Feb. 2025.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Delegate Name: Kari Taylor

Committee: General Assembly — UN Office on Drugs and Crime
Topic B: Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Delegate: Kari Taylor
School: Grand Haven High School

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is infested with terrorist and rebel groups that have become associated with other countries. Data has suggested that it is“the 11th most dangerous and 13th deadliest country in the world” according to ACLED, a nonprofit organization (Brooke-Holland). One group, the M23, reestablished in March of 2021 and has begun allegedly working with Rwanda. The rapidly expanding group has brought cause for concern. The group has intensified many challenges that have occurred because of local and international criminal networks working together. Addressing this issue will require a multifaceted approach, tackling the immediate security threats while also managing the current economic situation fueling the conflict.
Since its re-emergence, M23 has seized the economy of local communities. The group has begun has set up parallel criminal governance that has disrupted the current economic systems. The group has taken over border cities where they illegally import untaxed goods while also limiting the economic flow into the cities. One example of this includes the city of Buagana which generated an average of $2 million a month before the M23 takeover but has since decreased considerably (Behalal). The group has also overtaken Rubaya, a city with a lucrative mining business with metals used in the cell phone industry. Many of the groups controlling Rubaya were Congolese army deserters which shows the unstable government’s contribution to rebel groups.
Beyond armed conflict, the DRC remains a significant source, transit, and destination country for human trafficking. Men, women, and children have become a main source of forced labor and sexual exploitation. Specifically, children have been targeted by armed groups, like M23, to work in labor mines. This has created a major human rights violation and has begun involving other countries. Professional smugglers live along the borders of the DRC in South African and Zimbabwean nations. Although human trafficking isn’t particularly profitable it has gained in popularity and smugglers have reached Europe. The cycle of trafficking needs to be cut to diminish human rights violations and to limit the profits gangs and smugglers are receiving, effectively decreasing illegal organizations within the DRC.
The DRC has been involved in drug trades as well. The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a transit country for heroin. The eastern and southern regions of Africa will transport drugs “through Kinshasa’s N’djili International Airport, the port of Matadi, and the ferry crossing between Kinshasa and Brazzaville in the Republic of the Congo” before they make their way to Europe (Congo, Dem. Rep.). Shipments have also been intercepted containing cocaine headed towards America.
Transnational organized crime is multifaceted and will need to be addressed from multiple angles to diminish its relevancy. In countries similar to the DRC, re-establishing the government is a priority. With so many conflict groups running rampant within the government, no protective action can be taken. This would involve deploying security forces to reclaim territories from rebel groups and restoring administration power to aid our citizens. We also would have an interest in working with neighboring countries. Collaborating will become essential to manage transnational crime. Cooperation can take the form of intelligence sharing, joint border control, and coordinating efforts to simultaneously dismantle smuggling networks from both sides of the border, supply countries, and demand countries of illegal goods. Reestablishing local economies will reduce the appeal to join rebel groups. Creating more employment opportunities will draw people away from armed groups and undermine the incentives to join organized criminal groups. Throughout this process, offenders must be prosecuted to deter criminal activity and take down problematic associations like M23.

Bibliography

“Congo’s Goma Sees Renewed Fighting as M23 Rebels Clash with Government Forces.” NPR, 31 Jan. 2025, https://www.npr.org/2025/01/31/nx-s1-5281422/congo-goma-fighting-m23-rwanda-drc. Accessed 14 Feb. 2025.
Brooke-Holland, Louisa. “Conflict in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.” House of Commons Library, 3 Sept. 2024, https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-10089/. Accessed 14 Feb. 2025.
“Congo, Dem. Rep.” The Organized Crime Index, 2023, https://ocindex.net/country/congo_dem_rep. Accessed 14 Feb. 2025.
Behalal, Zobel. “The War for Congo’s Wealth: How Organized Crime Fuels the M23 Crisis in Eastern DRC.” Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime, 30 Jan. 2025, https://globalinitiative.net/analysis/m23-organized-crime-rwanda-congo-drc-goma-conflict/. Accessed 14 Feb. 2025.
“DR Congo Conflict: M23 Rebels Seize Strategic Town of Goma.” BBC News, 19 Dec. 2023, https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cekly000ymlo. Accessed 14 Feb. 2025.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Haiti
Delegate Name: Ellie MacKenzie

Haiti has been struggling for years combating organized crime, and it only seems to be getting worse. There have already been multiple acts and organizations to help. Unfortunately it’s not enough. Countries like ours who also struggle with these problems don’t get the help they need either. These organized crime groups are hurting our people, our children. Many countries, instead of helping, focus on keeping organized crime groups out instead of stopping it all together. Let us remind you that our organized crime groups and other foreign organized crime groups affect your people, your children, and your country’s future too. This is not a single county’s issue, this affects all of us.
85% of the capital Port-au-Prince is under the control of gangs. More than 5,600 people were killed in gang violence in Haiti last year alone. Sexual violence against Haitian children has risen 1,000% since 2023 and more than one million children are living with the constant threat of violence. These gangs have even started recruiting the children and targeting them with violence and sexual assault. Amnesty reported that gang recruitment of children in the country has risen by 70 percent, and between 30 to 50 percent of gang members in Haiti are now children. If children refuse to follow a gang’s orders, they or their families would be killed. Amnesty also said that Haitian girls are frequent victims of abductions, rape and other sexual assaults during gang attacks. There have been identified attacks on schools and hospitals, as well as the blocking of humanitarian aid because of gang violence. In the first quarter of 2023 it was reported that there was 1,674 homicides, rapes, kidnappings and lynchings, many still go unreported out of fear.
Countries like the United States of America who are pulling back on aid, will make matters only worse. Countries like Haiti can’t support themselves and urgently need help. We are dependent on the help we receive and cannot do this alone. We ask upon countries willing and able to help, help. This is a life, an unfortunate reality for Haitians, that no one should have to live such an atrocious existence. Maybe one day, with the help and aid we need, we can live peacefully and return such graces given.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Nicaragua
Delegate Name: Monica Kovacs

Transnational crime organizations are prevalent in Nicaragua, as the country is a key transshipment point for both the drug trafficking and human trafficking markets of Central America. Several criminal drug gangs have footholds in Nicaragua including Mexico’s Sinaloa Cartel and Los Tarzanes, powerful cocaine transport organizations. Human sex trafficking and labor trafficking also poses a significant threat in Nicaragua, due to Nicaragua’s porous borders and corruption among border control officers, with Nicaragua scoring 7.00 out of 10.00 for human trafficking on the Organized Crime Index. Clearly, transnational crime is a pertinent issue Nicaragua has been attempting to resolve.
The Nicaraguan government has shown their commitment to combating transnational crime organizations through their establishment of the Nicaragua Presidential Council against organized crime in May 2024, an improvement from the previous National Council against Organized Crime (CNCCO) established in 2010. The council identifies and evaluates the nation’s risks related to organized crime, drug trafficking, money laundering, and terrorism, as well as coordinating the development of public policies and strategies. Within the council falls Nicaragua’s National Police (PN), Nicaragua’s authority on seizing and arresting criminal drug organizations. In addition, INTERPOL’s National Central Bureau (NCB) in Managua assists cross-border crime organization investigations, helping the National Police detect and investigate the flow of illicit goods along trafficking routes. Previously, Nicaragua’s robust efforts in tackling drugs and crime have been commemorated by the UNODC in 2014, the UNODC’s Executive Director at the time expressing the UNODC’s support for the Nicaraguan Government’s fight.
In addition, Nicaragua is dedicated to addressing human sex trafficking and labor trafficking, as Nicaragua was previously part of the U.N. Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons as well as the International Labour Organization Convention 105 on the Abolition of Forced Labor. Furthermore, Nicaragua has established the Law against Trafficking in Persons of 2015, formally criminalizing sex trafficking and labor trafficking, and in 2022 committed to the National Strategic Plan for the Prevention, Attention, Investigation, Prosecution and Punishment of the Crime of Human Trafficking 2023-2027, which detailed the allocation of funds for specialized services to attend victims of human trafficking.
Nicaragua is a significant source and transit country of human smuggling, as part of an international route used by irregular migrants on their way to the United States from Cuba, Haiti, Guatemala and even Africa and Asia. The danger of migrant trafficking rings throughout Central America was revealed after a 2023 migrant boat disaster, involving the migrant trafficking ring “La Agencia,” where 40 individuals disappeared while attempting to reach Nicaragua from Colombia, as part of their journey north through Central America and Mexico to Texas.
Immediate action is essential in addressing the issues posed by transnational crime organizations. Nations must stand together in strengthening border security. Reinforcing border security and prosecution legislation, such as Nicaragua’s reform to their Penal Code in August 2024 which established provisions to prosecute Nicaraguans and foreigners outside the country for crimes including drug trafficking and human trafficking, will ensure that criminal organization leaders are accurately and effectively convicted. Second, region-based joint border surveillance operations, utilizing technological advancements and monitored by a UNODC subcommittee, will ensure unity and transparency in apprehending these criminal organizations.

Works Cited:
https://ocindex.net/2023/country/nicaragua
https://elsalvadorinfo.net/nicaragua-profile-examining-criminal-groups-security-forces-the-judicial-system-and-prisons/?form=MG0AV3#hide1
https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/inl/rls/nrcrpt/2016/vol1/253295.htm
https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-trafficking-in-persons-report/nicaragua/
https://dppa.un.org/en/elections
https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/us-imposes-sanctions-on-nicaragua-rcna152423?
https://ofac.treasury.gov/sanctions-programs-and-country-information/nicaragua-related-sanctions
https://www.state.gov/nicaragua-sanctions
https://www.unodc.org/documents/toc/Reports/TOCTASouthAmerica/English/TOCTA_CACaribb_trafficking_womengirls_within_CAmerica.pdf
https://elpais.com/america/2024-12-04/ortega-y-murillo-legalizan-los-destierros-y-la-negativa-de-salida-o-ingreso-de-criticos-a-nicaragua.html
https://www.oas.org/ext/DesktopModules/MVC/OASDnnModules/Views/Item/Download.aspx?type=1&id=93&lang=1
https://elpais.com/america/2024-08-31/daniel-ortega-cambia-el-codigo-penal-para-continuar-la-persecucion-de-los-nicaraguenses-exiliados-y-sus-familiares.html
https://www.interpol.int/en/Who-we-are/Member-countries/Americas/NICARAGUA
https://insightcrime.org/nicaragua-organized-crime-news/renazcos/
https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/press/releases/2015/January/unodc-chiefs-mission-to-nicaragua-consolidates-drug-and-crime-cooperation.html
https://insightcrime.org/news/nicaragua-cocaine-flows/
https://www.policia.gob.ni/?p=58631

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: United Arab Emirates
Delegate Name: Charlisa Penzak

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Combating Transnational Organized Crime
United Arab Emirates
Charlisa Penzak
Groves High School

The UAE is committed to fighting transnational organized crime and believes that multilateral institutions like the UNODC will be critical in addressing these problems on a global scale. Although typically not the target of terrorism, the UAE remains a hub for illicit financing and must counter security threats originating in neighboring countries. The UAE has supported US and western counter-terrorism efforts in the middle east, and works closely with international law enforcement agencies like GCC-POL to quell radicalization in the Gulf area. While the UAE has participated in military operations to mitigate terrorist threats, the UAE understands that military force alone is not enough to neutralize the threat of transnational crime syndicates, and that a multifaceted approach is needed.

In recent years, organized criminal groups have leveraged emerging technologies to broaden the scope of their operations. For example, cryptocurrency has allowed money laundering to thrive, cyberattacks can threaten critical infrastructure, and technologies like drones and AI present larger security threats. It is essential that law enforcement modernizes its approach in order to account for these evolving challenges and improve its capabilities. AI can be implemented to bolster surveillance abilities; the UAE has partnered with the private sector to establish a global center for cybertechnology to safeguard the digital ecosystem. The UNODC Drugs Monitoring Platform, where national agencies share real-time data on drug trafficking trends, can serve as a model of effective data-sharing to enhance law enforcement.

Additionally, criminal financing is a significant issue for the UAE. However, the UAE has taken a lead in fighting money laundering. The joint UAE-US Financial Counterterrorism Task force coordinates information sharing to shut down illicit financing networks and prevent access to the international banking system. The UAE recently established an executive office of Anti-Money Laundering and is a proud member of the the Middle East and North Africa Financial Action Task Force (MENAFATF), which coordinates regional efforts to stifle terrorist funding. The importance of international cooperation and intelligence-sharing cannot be overstated, because organized crime knows no borders.

Most importantly, the UAE believes that to mitigate transnational organized crime in the long term, this committee must target the structural causes of terrorism and address the socioeconomic conditions that allow criminal organizations to thrive. In particular, combating extremism and promoting tolerance can fight ethnic violence. The UAE is home to Hedayah, the Global Center for Excellence in Countering Violent Extremism, and the Sawab Center, which is a partnership between the UAE and US to counter radical propaganda on digital platforms. Furthermore, by addressing the underlying factors that foster extremism, such as conflict, political turmoil, and natural disasters, this committee can enhance societal resilience so that struggling citizens are not vulnerable to extremism and criminal groups. The UAE strongly advocates for measures that invest in education, economic opportunity, and intercultural dialogue.

Ultimately, the UAE is hopeful that this committee can uphold global cooperation and develop effective solutions to combat transnational organized crime.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Mexico
Delegate Name: Marshall Czlapinski

Topic: Combating Organized Transnational Crime
Country: Mexico
Delegate: Marshall Czlapinski

Mexico stands at a critical juncture in the fight against transnational crime, a threat that not only undermines our national security but also disrupts the social fabric of our communities. The rise of sophisticated criminal enterprises, primarily drug traffickers and organized gangs, has escalated to alarming levels. These groups, often referred to as cartels, are thriving and adapting in ways that make them increasingly difficult to combat. As such, Mexico is in urgent need of international support and collaboration to extinguish the flames of this devastating crisis. Historically, Mexico has demonstrated resilience and determination in its attempts to combat the powers of organized crime. Our law enforcement agencies have conducted numerous operations to dismantle drug trafficking networks and arrest key figures within these criminal organizations. Despite these efforts, it is evident that our strategies must evolve. The sheer scale and complexity of these criminal networks render unilateral efforts insufficient. These cartels have entrenched themselves within various sectors of society, making them impervious to traditional law enforcement tactics. They have expanded their influence globally, facilitating not only drug trafficking but also human trafficking, arms dealing, and even money laundering. The escalation of violence linked to these syndicates has resulted in thousands of deaths and deeply traumatized communities throughout Mexico. The alarming rise in murders, disappearances, and extortion has created an atmosphere of fear. Innocent civilians are caught in the crossfire of brutal gang wars, with entire neighborhoods besieged by violence. The threat extends beyond our borders, as these criminal enterprises have ramifications for countries far and wide, destabilizing regions and impacting global security. As we have witnessed time and again, the reach of these networks knows no geographical bounds; therefore, a collaborative international response is imperative.
Mexico acknowledges and appreciates the efforts made by the United Nations in passing multiple resolutions and laws aimed at combating drug trafficking and organized crime. The UN’s initiatives have introduced frameworks designed to address the issues that enable these organizations to thrive, yet the results in real-time reveal a significant gap between policy and effectiveness. Drug laws and arms regulations, although well-intentioned, often fall short of curtailing the operations of these criminal enterprises. In many instances, the laws in place do not translate into meaningful actions because the organizations involved are willing to evade or outright ignore these regulations. To ensure the success of any strategy aimed at combating transnational crime, the UN must explore and implement a multifaceted approach that combines law enforcement measures with socio-economic initiatives. We advocate for increased investment in community development programs, educational opportunities, and public health initiatives, particularly in regions affected by cartel violence. By addressing the root causes of crime, such as poverty, lack of education, and insufficient employment opportunities, we can begin to dismantle the very foundation upon which these criminal organizations thrive.
Furthermore, Mexico calls for an international alliance to facilitate knowledge sharing, joint operations, and capacity-building programs among member states. This collaborative effort would enhance our ability to track the financial networks that sustain these cartels, disrupt illicit supply chains, and develop a cohesive strategy that penalizes not only the traffickers but also the industries and countries that enable their operations. As drug trafficking often intertwines with geopolitical issues, a united front against this global menace is essential. Additionally, we urge the UN to focus on fostering better coordination between member states in terms of intelligence sharing and resource redistribution. Some nations possess advanced surveillance technologies and intelligence capabilities that could be deployed in support of Mexico’s fight against cartels. By pooling our resources and expertise, we can create a formidable response to this threat, a response that not only aims to dismantle cartels but also to construct a more secure and stable society for all citizens.
In conclusion, the world must recognize the urgency of the situation in Mexico. The fight against transnational crime is not just a national issue; it is a global one that demands immediate action and collective responsibility. We believe that with increased support from the international community, Mexico can turn the tide against organized crime, protect its citizens, and contribute to a safer and successful region. Together, we can forge a strategy that tackles the intricate networks of organized crime and builds resilient societies capable of withstanding the pressures of criminal activities.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Japan
Delegate Name: Sofia Bontomasi

The delegation of Japan believes that measures must be created and enforced to stop transnational criminal organizations. Transnational criminal organizations are a global problem, whether it’s the cartels of Central and South America, extremist groups in the middle east, the Triad in China, the Bratva in Russia, or the yakuza in Japan. Due to the fact that these organizations are transnational, Japan believes that a unified approach is necessary in order to effectively inhibit these groups.

Japan is somewhat known internationally for the yakuza, the Japanese version of the mafia. Yakuza are multi-layered crime syndicates that often consist of many families or smaller groups that are subsidiaries of a singular main family, having 184.100 members in 1963. The main way they make their money is through tokushu sagi, or fraud that generally targets the elderly, as well as through a specific type of extortion called sokaiya, which is when members will buy a small amount of stock in a company, then attending stockholder meetings and intimidating other holders into giving up their stocks. Yakuza also offer mikajime-ryo or protection of business on their turf from other gangs for tribute as a way of income. Some groups are highly involved in drug trafficking, like the Dojin-kai, but many older and more traditional groups, like the Yamaguchi-gumi, prohibit involvement with drugs. There have also been many reports of human trafficking from other Asian countries into Japan by yakuza.

Japan wishes to help crackdown internationally on organized crime and has implemented many anti-gang laws to prevent yakuza activity, most notably, the Act on Prevention of Unjust Acts by Organized Crime Group Members and the Yakuza exclusion Ordinances. These laws make it illegal for yakuza to do business with other businesses and individuals, as well as inhibits them from living normal lives by requiring businesses to deny meeting rooms, parking spaces, opening bank accounts, opening mobile phone lines, signing credit card contracts, lease real estate, or process loans to any people identified as yakuza. The delegation would be glad to use its expertise in laws that place restrictions on crime syndicates, as this is an issue that has been plaguing Japan for four centuries, to help form policies that would help eliminate organized crime globally.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Mongolia
Delegate Name: Harini Manikandan

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
COMBATING TRANSNATIONAL CRIME ORGANIZATIONS
The State of Mongolia
Harini Manikandan
City High Middle School
The State of Mongolia recognizes the significance of transnational crime organizations and believes in stopping this issue in the quickest and most effective way possible. Big criminal groups across the world partake in drug trafficking, cybercrime, money laundering, human trafficking, and weapons smuggling. These crimes earn billions of dollars and harm millions of innocent people. According to the IMF in 2022, there will be more than $3.6 trillion dollars lost due to corruption, crime, and tax evasion. No matter the country, transnational crime is prevalent, and it must be stopped.

To stop these issues, the UN has led many major international agreements, with many of them being signed by Mongolia. The UN Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime from 2000 is one of the leaders in worldwide crime legislation. Many other agreements exist, but the issue is still prevalent. Mongolia has taken national steps to stop these host of issues, like creating more laws to stop human trafficking, increasing border security, and creating task forces to stop corruption.

Transnational crime cannot be fit neatly into boxes. It is a diverse issue and it requires more than one solution. The State of Mongolia suggests an increase in information sharing between countries, as collaboration is needed to decrease trafficking across borders. Mongolia pushes for the UN to also lead sanctions on banks that help criminals launder money. In the end, Mongolia wants a balance between an United Nations approach and individual efforts to stop this issue.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Indonesia
Delegate Name: Ralph (Tag) Dershimer

School: Greenhills

99th out of 180 countries ranked, a 37 out of 100 score overall. This is the Republic of Indonesia’s ranking in the global corruption perceptions index, however this already is a significant improvement from the unfortunate ranking of 115th in 2023. Indonesia is locked in a desperate struggle against the organized crime that wracks our country, further abetted by foreign powers’ abuse of the exports from these organizations. Indonesia faced a crisis ridden time under the regime of President Suharto, due to some more controversial actions and reforms, the pay gap between the upper and lower classes widened, opening the door for more unsavory practices to exploit Indonesian citizens. Indonesia is still recovering and moving forward, a large part of which involves using the complex relationship Indonesia has had with organized crime and its ties to Indonesian government or governmentally-controlled bodies to reflect and advance the national community towards a more prosperous future.
As a country, Indonesia has regretfully been linked to multiple unsavory forms of business, ranging from human trafficking, to widespread smuggling and movement of drugs and narcotics such as cocaine and ecstacy, to the rampant illegal logging, fishing, and mining operations fuelled by corporations and foreign actors alike. As an official of the Indonesian government, this delegate deeply understands the convoluted and tangled nature of organized crime in developing countries, however further steps can be taken. As a member of INTERPOL, Indonesia works hard to limit the flow of illicit goods that make their way through Indonesia, regularly working with INTERPOL on regional police operations. However, this is not an easy task, as foreign actors regularly interfere with Indonesian control over organized crime. Indonesia is uniquely positioned that large streams of illegal goods and movement of peoples flow through our informal markets and waters, and Indonesia is not equipped to handle all of this. Indonesia is not regularly a producer of these goods or problems, but it is a waypoint, a critical stepping-off point for organizations and illicit companies to move to and from markets around the world.
This delegate strongly believes that if the Indonesian government is given support to regain control over the situation surrounding the flow of goods, that a significant number of UN member nations will see heavy decreases in problems related to the goods or people running through Indonesian markets now. Should the UN commit and support Indonesia, then that would facilitate the further development of Indonesia as a country, while also securing the region, helping to indirectly protect or bolster more developing nations in the region. Furthermore, should they occur, the steps taken to provide support and aid to Indonesia can be taken as an example for future plans for other member nations, supporting the crackdown on organized crime globally.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: India
Delegate Name: Rocco Blaisdell

India recognizes transnational organized crime (TOC) as a significant threat to global peace,
security, and economic stability. As a responsible member of the international community, India
is committed to strengthening cooperation, enhancing legal frameworks, and implementing
effective enforcement strategies to counter TOC, including human trafficking, drug smuggling,
arms proliferation, cybercrime, and money laundering.
India has established a robust legal framework to combat TOC, aligning its national laws with
international conventions. Key legislations include:
● The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), 1967 – Criminalizes activities related to
terrorism and organized crime.
● The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 – Regulates drug control
and enforcement.
● The Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002 – Addresses financial crimes
linked to organized crime syndicates.
● The Information Technology Act, 2000 – Strengthens cybercrime regulations.
● The Extradition Act, 1962 – Facilitates cooperation with foreign jurisdictions for criminal
prosecution.
India’s agencies, such as the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), the Directorate of
Enforcement (ED), and the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), play pivotal roles in investigating
and dismantling organized crime networks.
India is an active participant in global initiatives against TOC and has ratified key international
conventions, including:
● United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) and its
Protocols – India supports efforts to strengthen international cooperation under the
Palermo Convention.
● Financial Action Task Force (FATF) – India actively implements FATF recommendations
to counter money laundering and terror financing.
● Interpol and Bilateral Agreements – India collaborates with Interpol and maintains
bilateral agreements with multiple countries to facilitate intelligence sharing and
extradition of criminals.
India acknowledges the evolving nature of TOC, particularly in the digital space, and is
strengthening its cybersecurity framework to combat cybercrime, financial fraud, and online
trafficking. Additionally, India has increased its focus on maritime security to counter
transnational crimes such as piracy and smuggling along its coastline.
Despite its efforts, challenges persist in combating TOC, including jurisdictional complexities,
the use of emerging technologies by criminals, and gaps in international cooperation. India
advocates for:
● Enhanced intelligence sharing and coordination among nations.

● Capacity-building initiatives to train law enforcement agencies on emerging threats.
● Stronger legal mechanisms to streamline extradition and prosecution processes.
● Greater use of technology for surveillance and forensic investigations.
India remains committed to combating transnational organized crime through legal enforcement,
international collaboration, and capacity-building measures. The nation calls for a unified global
response to dismantle criminal networks and ensure a safer, more secure world.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Pakistan
Delegate Name: Josh Machnacki

As a nation that has felt the strain of transnational crime, its prevention is a top priority for Pakistan. Transnational crime is a significant global threat, undermining security, economies, and government stability through activities such as drug and human trafficking, money laundering, and arms smuggling. Criminals must not be allowed to continue to prosper off of destructive acts, which currently generate billions of dollars. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) has led global efforts to fight transnational crime. However, more must be done to enhance cooperation and aid nations burdened by criminal networks.
Pakistan has worked closely with the UNODC for over 35 years with the purpose of addressing development challenges related to drugs and crime. This gives Pakistan valuable insight into strategies that aim to prevent transnational crime. The National Initiative Against Organized Crime (NIOC) and Center for Governance Research (CGR)-Pakistan has built a coalition of civil society organisations (CSOs) and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) that work to prevent and combat organized crime in Pakistan. The CGR-Pakistan has issued policy briefs, papers, and studies in various areas of organized crime such as drug trafficking, migrant smuggling, human trafficking, cybercrimes, terrorism financing and money laundering. A study conducted on countering religious extremism in Pakistan resulted in the creation of a new National Counter Extremism Policy, which provides a framework for responding to violent extremism. Pakistan is and has been responding to the challenge of transnational crime head on, and looks forward to further international cooperation in the field.
The UNODC currently uses Country Programmes as means to assist nations in battling organized crime, terrorism, corruption, and cybercrime. These initiatives also help strengthen criminal justice systems and communicate other policy guidance, with the UNODC working closely with governments. One such program was created for Pakistan, providing in a broad sense better ability to combat cybercrime, ways to improve the criminal justice system, and border management methods. Although Country Programmes are in place for multiple countries with Pakistan, including Afghanistan and Iran, they are not universal. To combat transnational crime, Pakistan encourages such initiatives to be used on a larger scale. This would help identify areas where individual nations, and potentially international systems, can improve. Transnational Crime is not a new issue, therefore time would be wasted trying to create entirely new UN infrastructure. Instead, Pakistan recommends the expansion of already existing systems, like Country Programmes. Transnational Crime cannot be taken lightly. Pakistan calls on fellow nations to reaffirm their commitment to combating these dangers, and is ready to cooperatively attack them on an international scale.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: People’s Republic of China
Delegate Name: KenZie Low

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Combating Transnational Organized Crime
People’s Republic of China
KenZie Low
City High Middle

In 2000, the United Nations adopted the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime. This treaty was adopted to more effectively combat transnational crime and promote international cooperation. However, transnational organized crime still remains a pressing international issue. Around 870 billion USD are lost to transnational organized crime. Transnational organized crime can take a variety of methods such as drug and human trafficking or money laundering. This form of crime, however, keeps the consistent factor of generating significant profit at the cost of human lives or well-being. It is a detrimental issue that is fueled by corruption, violence, government instability, and weak border controls. The profits generated by transnational organized crime can support corrupt state officials and criminals, or fund terrorist groups. While transnational organized crime is a significant issue for the cartels in Latin America or the instability in Africa, it affects the entire international community and causes harm to everyone. China’s government is taking serious measures to counteract transnational organized crime. The country wishes to eliminate this issue to promote anti-corruption and security for its citizens and the international community.
The stringent authority of the Chinese government has significantly reduced the number of transnational organized crimes within the state despite its large population. Many transnational organized crimes that are prevalent in other nations are not a concern in China, such as gun trafficking. However, while China is not high on the transnational organized crime scale, the country is known as a hub for a few of these crimes. These crimes are usually committed by gangs and corrupt state officials in China. Specifically, China is a source of illicit drugs. While drugs are illegal in China and the government severely punishes those who participate in drug trafficking, China remains one of the largest heroin and synthetic drug markets. Human trafficking is also a large issue in China and one of the most commonly committed and serious crimes committed in the nation. They use coercion on victims while exploiting them through sex work or forced labor and sometimes smuggle these victims across borders. China is also notorious for the illegal production and selling of counterfeit goods, as well as environmental transnational crime. Despite this, China has ratified several international conventions at conferences aiming to combat transnational crime. The nation is actively involved in the United Nations pertaining to transnational crime, with examples such as Ambassador Zhang Jun attending the UN Security Council Open Debate on Transnational Organized Crime. China continues to support the UNODC and other nations through the UN Peace and Development Trust fund and other agencies, helping to improve law enforcement in nations bound by government instability and violence. China has also agreed to return any assets to nations that were taken through crime. In 2021, China created its first anti-organized crime law (AOCL). This law defined organized crime and enabled authorities to take stronger measures to prevent and punish perpetrators of transnational organized crime. In 2022, China launched the Global Security Initiative (GSI) under President Xi Jinping. The initiative would take measures to create national security in a rapidly evolving world. Thus, as part of the GSI, China has been working closely with Southeast Asia to increase transparency and hinder perpetrators from further committing transnational organized crime. In March 2023, organizations from China, Thailand, and Myanmar had the first trilateral consultation regarding human trafficking, aiming to combat the growing human trafficking in Thailand and Myanmar. The GSI has also worked to combat online fraud in Southeast Asia. China has also been working with BRICS on this issue. In terms of technology, China’s strong control of the internet in their country and ban on cryptocurrencies plus their technological uniform advancements have prevented transnational crime involving technology. China’s strict gun laws have also prevented gun trafficking from being an issue. The strict protection of legitimate businesses in China has prevented money laundering from being an issue as well. China is also beginning to implement drug recovery programs for victims of international drug trafficking. While topics such as transnational human trafficking continue to be a prevalent and pressing issue for China, the nation’s strong government authority has established order and resulted in a decline in transnational organized crime.
China believes that transnational organized crime is best combated through strong law enforcement. China encourages other nations to strengthen government authority, correctly punish and prevent transnational organized crime, and eliminate loopholes. Additionally, increased regulation and control over certain modes of transnational organized crime, such as cryptocurrencies and drugs, can further hinder perpetrators from committing such crimes. China believes investigating the root causes of these crimes can create long-term solutions as well. The delegation of China urges other nations to resolve domestic disputes to eradicate incentives for citizens to commit transnational organized crime. Adopting a global security framework similar to China’s Global Security Initiative can allow nations to increase transparency and promote cooperation. China calls for the involvement of groups such as the UNODC as well on this issue. China will continue to create and enforce strong authority to mitigate transnational organized crime, specifically human and drug trafficking. The nation encourages the globe to work cooperatively to tackle this issue.

Works Cited
Chinese Mission to the United States. “Remarks by China’s Permanent Representative to the UN Ambassador Zhang Jun at the UN Security Council Open Debate on Transnational Organized Crime_Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China.” Fmprc.gov.cn, 2023, www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/xw/zwbd/202405/t20240530_11365943.html.
Global Organized Crime Index. “Criminality in China – the Organized Crime Index.” Ocindex.net, 2023, ocindex.net/country/china.
Jittiang, Bhanubhatra. “How Crime in Southeast Asia Fits into China’s Global Security Initiative.” United States Institute of Peace, 8 Jan. 2025, www.usip.org/publications/2025/01/how-crime-southeast-asia-fits-chinas-global-security-initiative.
United Nations. “What Is Transnational Organized Crime? | United Nations.” United Nations, 2024, www.un.org/en/peace-and-security/transnational-crime.
Wei, Changhao, and Taige Hu. ““Sweep Away Darkness, Eliminate Evil”: A Belated Overview of China’s First Organized Crime Law.” NPC Observer, 14 Dec. 2022, npcobserver.com/2022/12/sweep-away-darkness-eliminate-evil-a-belated-overview-of-chinas-first-organized-crime-law/.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Panama
Delegate Name: Abigail McKinney

When it comes to international affairs, transnational organized crime is a topic that requires deep
collaboration between each nation in which involvement of trafficking, smuggling, and
laundering is occurring. According to the most recent Global Organized Crime Index from 2023,
recorded by the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime, the amount of
organized crime has continued rapidly increasing. The Index found that 83% of the current world
population are living in areas that are considered to have high levels of criminality. In order to
combat the issue and gather more insight into where there is the most activity, the United Nations
Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC) has begun conducting regional studies known as
Transnational Organized Crime Threat Assessments (TOCTAs). These assessments help to find
vulnerable regions and discover the reasons that have led to this vulnerability. The Republic of
Panama hopes to work with both the entire UN and primarily those in surrounding geographical
locations to put actions into place that will target problem areas in an attempt to bring down the
amount of transnational organized crime.
There are measures that can be taken both as collaborative and as individual efforts of each
nation that can help to limit the amount of transnational organized crime occurring on each
nation’s territory. By participating in the United Nations Convention against Transnational
Organized Crime, Panama hopes to help pass more protocols that will limit the amount of crime.
In the past, Panama has supported the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in
Persons, especially Women and Children; the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by
Land, Sea and Air; and the Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of Trafficking in Firearms,
their Parts and Components and Ammunition. On top of these large collaborative efforts, Panama
has also created a Anti-Money Laundering Task Force in a joint effort with the United States in
order to put more resources towards decreasing the amount of money laundering between our
two nations. We also have a National Commission Against Trafficking in Persons, a national
plan that hopes to target one of our nation’s largest issues. Panama is a destination country for
human trafficking, and primarily targeted are women and children for the purpose of sexual
exploitation, along with migrants being trafficked along the Darien Gap.
The Republic of Panama is prepared to put more protections in place for the purpose of stopping
transnational organized crime. We believe efforts should be attempted to prevent the smuggling
of migrants across borders, and find ways to identify and decrease the amount of corrupt officials
helping to facilitate these smuggling efforts. Plans also need to be executed for the purpose of
protecting women and children who have become the victims of sex trafficking across the
borders, and more strict guidelines need to be set as what is to be considered illegal sexual
exploitation. There should be financial regulations suggested for countries to put into place to
prevent the amount of drug activity and money laundering that is able to be conducted without
detection. The borders should also be policed more securely. Panama finds it important that
changes are implemented as a collaborative effort between the nations at this convention, and
that a solid plan to combat high crime rates across borders be put into motion.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Ukraine
Delegate Name: Pradham Nalam

Committee: United Nations Office On Drugs And Crimes
Topic: Combatting Transnational Crime Organizations
Country: Ukraine
School: Forest Hills Central High School

Organized crime has become a fundamental problem in most nations. Gangs, mafias, and other forms of terrorism have brutally infested themselves into the basic idea of crime. These organizations have committed many crimes and have even participated in international aspects of wrongdoing. Drugs, human trafficking, and many other immoral crimes including illegal weapon distribution haunt and harm many citizens of different nations every single day.

The delegation of Ukraine recognizes the impact and dangers of such criminal organizations around the globe and urges the UN to take immediate action against these acts. Many things can be done to stop these organizations from succeeding in criminal activities, however, none of them are easy nor quick to happen. The UNODC needs to formulate a resolution that accommodates the innocent and supplements the authorities that fight these organizations. The delegation of Ukraine urges the UN to take action systematically and effectively so that all aspects of such organizations can be decimated.

One aspect of this problem that needs to be addressed is the ways of transportation that these organizations use to make crimes such as drugs and human trafficking viable. Through border crossings, many mafias transport illegal substances and participate in illegal activities. We urge the UN to create a process that separates members of crime organizations and normal border crossers without indulging in racial discrimination and harassment. Border problems have always existed in most nations of the UN, especially in Ukraine due to its war with Russia, and it’s a popular and common way to smuggle many things into different nations. The delegation of Ukraine hopes to work together with other nations in this committee to come up with a possible resolution for this problem.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Ghana
Delegate Name: Rafay Dar

Topic: transnational crime
Country: ghana
Delegate name: Rafay Dar

Transnational crime is a huge issue facing today’s society that the United Nations office on drugs and crime is addressing, and the delegation of ghana would like to state that transnational crime is a huge issue within the country due to the overwhelming amounts of human trafficking, arms smuggling, and drug smuggling. Due to the fact that Ghana is not a fully developed country, there is not much infrastructure in place to combat these crimes, with about 80% of the nation’s murder cases in the last 24 years going unsolved.

The government of Ghana is strongly against organized crime as it is a huge issue within the country, however the delegation of Ghana believes that the current framework in this current time is not sufficient enough to prevent transnational crime within developing countries such as Ghana where these crimes run rampant. In October of 2024 during an important UNODC meeting in Vienna, various member states of the UN pledged to help the country of Ghana draft the framework for a plan in order to combat the problems in organized crime. In this speech of the president of Ghana, he pledges that the country of Ghana would “pledge the necessary and financial resources for its successful implementation.” However, this may be an issue as the country of Ghana has a GDP of around 76 billion dollars, which may not be enough for a developing country such as this.

The delegation of Ghana urges the United Nations to take into consideration other countries that are not significantly developed as they may not have the fiscal resources or manpower to implement these solutions, especially in these countries where transnational crime may be running rampant. In order to deal with this huge problem that the world is facing right now developing countries with lacking infrastructure must be taken into consideration when making provisions as they are the ones that need it most, yet there is simply not enough aid given to them in implementing the drafted crime reduction strategies.

Sources: https://ocindex.net/assets/downloads/2021/english/ocindex_profile_ghana_2021.pdf
https://www.myjoyonline.com/about-80-of-murder-cases-between-2000-and-2021-unresolved-criminologist/
https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/COP12/Statements/Ghana.pdf

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Nigeria
Delegate Name: Monica Delgertsogt

Transnational crime organizations are a very significant threat to Nigeria. Mainly through things like drug trafficking and human trafficking. Nigeria has tried making progress in addressing these challenges with agencies such as NDLEA and EFCC. The Nigerian government has also cooperated with international law enforcement bodies, as well as regional organizations. There are some improvements in certain areas. Although organized crime in Nigeria is still quite a lot and some measures are definitely needed.

One of the things to do to combat organized crime is to involve expanding inter-agency cooperation and strengthening partnerships within Nigeria. Increasing the use of advanced technology and data-sharing agreements between local and international law enforcement agencies would help target the global reach of transnational criminal organizations. Nigeria could benefit from further investment in intelligence networks to identify criminal networks that are working across borders. Expanding regional cooperation with neighboring countries would be important, as criminal organizations often have weak enforcement in neighboring states. By adapting to these solutions, Nigeria could further disrupt organized crime.

Even though the progress made, there are still some important failure points that affect Nigeria’s efforts in combating organized crime. Corruption within law enforcement agencies, political instability, inadequate resources, and a lack of judicial capacity to process criminal cases contribute to persistent gaps in enforcement. Weak border security among neighboring nations worsens the challenge. For any resolution to be successful, it is vital to address these weaknesses. Strengthening governance, improving training for law enforcement, and enhancing border security through technology will be important steps towards getting rid of organized crime in Nigeria.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Denmark
Delegate Name: Riya Patel

The topics before the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes (UNODC) are Preserving Free and Fair Elections and Combating Transnational Organized Crime. The Kingdom of Denmark is willing to admit that transnational organized crime had caused devastating effects on the economy of multiple member states, human security, and global security. Denmark believes that addressing this situation requires a unified approach and an urgent adaptive response.

Denmark has strong institutional frameworks, full transparency, and a rule of law which is used to counteract organized crime. Additionally, the Danish National Police and the State Prosecutor for Serious Economic and International Crime have been in charge of dealing with money laundering, cybercrime, drug trafficking, and human trafficking. To ensure the cybersecurity of the nation, Denmark has strengthened cybersecurity infrastructure and protocol to detect money laundering, fraud, and identity theft to prevent transnational criminal organizations from committing these acts. Denmark is also willing to work with Europol, INTERPOL, and law enforcement agencies to enhance intelligence sharing and coordinate operations against organized crime gangs. Denmark has also passed a national action plan against human trafficking that ensures victim protection, prosecution of traffickers, and public awareness campaigns to prevent exploitation from happening in the first page.

While Denmark has been giving a strong effort, many significant challenges persist in combating transnational crime. Varying legal definitions and prosecution mechanisms across the United Nations can slow efficient law enforcement. Additionally, many transnational crime agencies have been using cryptocurrencies and offshore banking accounts to limit the ability of authorities to track illegal financial flows of money. The Kingdom of Denmark feels strongly that due to gaps in cybersecurity legislation many criminal networks can exploit said gaps across different nations. Similarly, many regions and nations may lack the financial and technological resources needed to prevent or reduce transnational crime effectively. In fact, infiltration of organized crime into government structures is very apparent in some member states and this weakens enforcement efforts and public trust.

To combat said issues, Denmark advocates for a multilateral, technology-driven, and direct enforcement-oriented approach to disrupt transnational organized crime activities. In order to do so, the Kingdom suggests the UNODC facilitate agreements within member states to standardize criminal definitions and legal penalties globally. It is necessary to increase transparency in financial transactions and start counteracting digital threats posed by criminals. It is also vital to increase funding for technical training, tools, and reform in countries where resources may be limited.

Denmark is a committed partner in the fight against transnational crime and is willing to work with the UNODC and all member states to prioritize legal harmonization to safeguard global stability. It is important to recognize that no single nation can combat these violent threats alone. Addressing these key points will be crucial help in the future against international crime prevention and fostering global relationships.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: Russian Federation
Delegate Name: Silas Fetrow

Topic: Combating Transnational Crime Organizations
Country: Russian Federation
Delegate: Silas Fetrow

The Russian Federation recognizes the fundamental importance of combating transnational crime organizations as a cornerstone of national security and global stability. Russia asserts that international cooperation is essential in tackling organized crime, including drug trafficking, human trafficking, and cybercrime. However, such efforts must respect national sovereignty and adhere to the principles of non-interference. Russia advocates for strengthening legal frameworks, enhancing intelligence-sharing mechanisms, and fostering multilateral collaboration to effectively dismantle criminal networks while preserving each nation’s legal autonomy.

Moreover, Russia emphasizes the need for a balanced approach to international crime-fighting efforts, ensuring that global initiatives do not disproportionately favor certain geopolitical interests. Western-led organizations often impose unilateral policies that fail to consider the diverse legal and enforcement frameworks across nations. Instead, transnational crime should be addressed through multilateral institutions such as the United Nations and regional alliances that respect national sovereignty and diverse legal systems. Russia supports the use of advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence and blockchain, to track illicit financial flows and improve the efficiency of international law enforcement cooperation.

In conclusion, Russia maintains that combating transnational crime organizations should be upheld through nationally-driven policies that prioritize sovereignty, security, and technological innovation. While promoting international crime-fighting efforts is essential, actions taken under the guise of global security must not serve as a pretext for interference in domestic affairs. The Russian Federation urges the international community to support fair and balanced law enforcement initiatives, foster technological advancements in crime prevention, and uphold the principles of state sovereignty in the pursuit of global security.

Topic: 2025-Combating Transnational Organized Crime
Country: South Africa
Delegate Name: Hugh Jordan

The Republic of South Africa considers transnational organized crime a grave danger to global security, economic stability, and good governance. We acknowledge its widespread impact, affecting our region and the world through illicit trafficking, money laundering, and other criminal activities. South Africa commends the UN and UNODC for their work, notably the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its protocols, and the important work detailed in the UNODC’s 2023 Annual Report. While some headway has been made, as seen in seizures of drugs, precursor chemicals, and weapons, much more must be done to effectively combat this constantly changing problem.

Within Southern Africa, we have seen some success in regional cooperation on specific issues. Combined operations between law enforcement agencies in neighboring countries have resulted in disrupting drug trafficking routes and apprehending some major criminals. Information sharing and cross-border collaboration on investigations have also been encouraging. These regional initiatives, however, often encounter obstacles related to limited resources, varying legal frameworks, and capacity deficits. Scaling up these efforts requires a sustained commitment from all participating states and improved coordination mechanisms. Adapting these solutions for broader application would require overcoming these obstacles through increased funding, harmonization of laws, and joint training exercises.

Notwithstanding these efforts, key weaknesses remain. Nationally, South Africa struggles with corruption within law enforcement and border control agencies, which facilitates the movement of illicit goods and impedes investigations. Regionally, porous borders and limited resources obstruct efficient monitoring and control. Internationally, a lack of consistent information sharing and cooperation between countries, especially regarding financial investigations and asset forfeiture, allows criminal networks to operate with impunity. Furthermore, the rapid advancement of technology creates new opportunities for criminal activity, including cybercrime and the use of cryptocurrencies for money laundering, requiring continuous adaptation of our responses.

Any resolution dealing with these issues must concentrate on several key areas. Bolstering international cooperation through enhanced information sharing, joint investigations, and mutual legal assistance is crucial. Capacity building for law enforcement and judicial systems, especially in less economically developed countries, is essential. This includes training on specialized investigation techniques, cybercrime, and asset forfeiture. Combating corruption at all levels is paramount, requiring robust anti-corruption measures and stronger accountability mechanisms. Finally, recognizing the dynamic character of transnational crime, continuous research and adaptation of strategies are necessary to keep pace with criminal innovation. South Africa is committed to working with the international community to resolve these vital issues and build a safer future.

Position papers for SIMUN 2025 will appear above this line, with the newest being at the top.