Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Austria
Delegate Name: Madison Ozdych
School: Royal Oak High School

Austria is for harnessing science and technology to address development challenges. We believe that the furthering of science is important for the advancement of the future. In Austria we take pride in our innovation in research. We want to continue developing science, research, and technology. Austria is performing well above the EU and OECD average of funding put towards research. We see research to be necessary to the advancement of the future.

Austria has many organizations dedicated to research and funding it such as: the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) and the Austrian Academy of Sciences(ÖAW). The best showing of Austria's positive development is its R&D ratio of 2.79 % (2011), which is among the highest in Europe. Not only do we invest in funding within our countries, but we work with other countries as well. Austria and India on science and technology cooperation (S&T Agreement) entered into force in October 2008. The proposals began to be accepted in early 2010, and thirteen joint Austro-Indian research projects were awarded funding later that year.

Austria believes that other countries should begin to invest more into research and development if they can. This money could go to organizations that will find and fund projects or places of higher education that work on research. We want to continue expanding the potential of science, research, and technology globally, to tackle the great societal and economic challenges that will be present in the future. Research is strengthening the competitiveness of our economy and increasing the prosperity of our society.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Bolivia
Delegate Name: Alaina Smith
School: Mattawan High School

New science and technology is vital to the growth and development of all countries. Technology can improve a country’s economy, along with its agricultural and communication capabilities. Without technology, countries are not able to compete on a global scale. Today, three quarters of the world has access to mobile networks, allowing for fast and easy communication. In fact, access to cell phones is shown to raise health awareness, improve economies, and can even help to break down language barriers through translating services. Despite all of the benefits, it is difficult to encourage developing countries to accept new technology, and even more difficult to distribute such technology to poverty stricken areas. Bolivia understands the importance of technology in building up the capabilities of developing nations, and hopes to work with the international community to identify ways to help spread advances in science and technology.

Bolivia, being a developing nation, is just beginning to increase its technological capabilities. Many of our people rely on agriculture and mining natural resources to survive, and a main export of Bolivia is petroleum gases. New advances in technology have improved our ability to safely and effectively use these plentiful natural resources. Bolivia follows a policy of sustainable development, meaning that the goal is to meet human needs without exhausting the environment. By working with developed nations that have an interest in fair trade with Bolivia, the Bolivian government has brought in new technology from these nations to the industries of Bolivia. For instance, Bolivian president Evo Morales met with Germany to learn about German technology to generate energy from renewable resources. By collaborating with other nations, Bolivia is incorporating new technology and educating many of its experts in STEM fields.

To solve the problem of lack of technology and science, Bolivia is suggesting that developing countries consider working with technologically advanced nations to begin developing their own math and science programs. The best way to improve technology is to educate the people about its use, and developing countries can learn many valuable strategies from the innovations of others. However, developing nations should proceed with caution to avoid losing control of their own industries to more powerful countries. The UN should monitor the progress of these nations, and should admonish any attempts by stronger countries to take advantage of the efforts of developing nations through unfair trade deals and collaborations.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Brazil
Delegate Name: Claire Mutch
School: Vicksburg High School

Brazil is quickly becoming one of the world’s top science-generating countries. This year we have spent approximately $31 billion USD, an 8% increase from last year, towards science, technology and innovation. Brazil is also currently a part of the UK Science and Innovation Network or SIN. Since Brazil has joined SIN it has continued to strengthen our ongoing cooperation as well as starting new ones via the Federal Funding Agency and the Agriculture Research Corporation

Also, Brazil is using our technology to reduce deforestation. Brazil has set remote-sensing systems for monitoring deforestation. The reports that these systems make are posted on the internet where they can then be verified by members of civil society. Similarly, we have created a system for detecting illegal logging. This system has resulted in the arrest of more than 500 people for illegal deforestation or logging in the years 2005 and 2006. These two systems combined with the Brazilian government protecting 48% of the Brazilian Amazon has decreased international soybean prices and created a drastically cleaner energy matrix (we have avoided have 200 million tons of carbon emission from the years 2004 to 2008 by reducing our deforestation) than other developing counties.

Brazil knows first-hand the effect that improvements in the fields of Science and Technology can positively induce on a country. Since improving our technology we have also greatly improved our opportunities for gaining education. Also we have enhanced our e-government website to the point where it rivals most other nations in functionality and features. In addition to education and government websites, Brazil has also been able to greatly reduce the size of our “digital divide” or the lack of access to technology to certain portions of our population. We have accomplished this feat by starting the “Popular PC Project” which gives our public centers such as libraries and schools technology. This gives underserved citizens access to computers. There are also many local banks that have set up payment plans for their customers, making it easier for them to purchase their own personal computers. In addition to making technology like computers more accessible to the general public, Brazil has also been working on making technology like telephone lines more available as well. From the mid to late 1990’s, Brazil has increased the number of phone lines (both business and private) from 10 million to over 15 million, thus greatly improving our quality of service to all users.

As a nation that relies highly on its scientific innovations, Brazil believes that all nations should work toward enhancing their scientific and technological innovations. Brazil believe we should continue to develop and strength our science and technological programs as well as encourage other nations to strive to educate and employ individuals in the fields of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math.

Brazil believes that countries should not only work on improving their own technology but also work on improving the technology of third world countries as well. We as a country believe that improved technology is essential to a productive, modern day, international society. Unfortunately many countries still need help to become successful in the fields of Science, Technology and Innovation. That is where the higher, more advanced countries can lend a hand to the smaller, developing countries.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Canada
Delegate Name: Gus Hlavacek
School: Saginaw Arts and Sciences Academy

The Nation of Canada believes that Developmental Changes is an issue that is taking it’s place in today’s society with the drastic change in differences of technological status in different countries. These large differences in technological advancements can lead to differences in social status and structure. Due to these circumstances, some countries have advantages over those that are of a more poor status, while these poor countries don’t have the science or technology to get through modern developmental changes.

Canada believes that strength in science and technology is essential for a modern country’s ongoing capacity to innovate and compete in the knowledge-based global economy as well as develop with the rest of the world. Strength in science and technology determines the ability to compete for increasingly mobile resources of people and investment capital and to participate in global knowledge-sharing networks that operate at the leading edge of both science and technology development.

Since many countries lack the strength in science and technology to innovate and undergo these developmental changes, Canada believes that the United Nations should help fund these countries to get to a technologically stable state so that these poorer countries can innovate and develop along with the rest of the world, while making sure to be careful not to impede on the national sovereignty of other countries. Canada would be glad to contribute to this cause of helping less fortunate and less technologically advanced countries to be able to develop and catch up to other countries through developmental changes.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Cuba
Delegate Name: James Hawthorne
School: Mattawan High School

Clearly the world is improving and advancing its technology. Cuba is on the rise as it begins to develop on its own, yet problems still occur. Between the Soviet Union falling and the ongoing problems with the United States, Cuba is struggling to stay afloat. Similar to many countries like it, Cuba is not harnessing the technology needed to combat the growing world, which is causing disarray through the nation. As the world develops, countries will find ways to use new technologies, and Cuba does not want to be left behind.

Behind the pretty face of Cuba, there are some serious problems. Health is a major concern for the public as facilities like hospitals barely have the supplies or space to care for the Cuban people. This leads to poor treatment of patients and the development of even more health risks as many of the supplies used are dirty or contaminated. Cuba’s roads are, simply, falling apart. There has been little to none improvements to them since the revolution in 1959 and the future does not look bright. Without steps in the right direction, Cuba is headed for an ultimate downfall.

Although the problems seem endless, there are solutions on the horizon. To improve the hospitals, the government may receive taxes from the people and put that to building better facilities as well as hiring better doctors and janitors to keep it clean. As far as the roads are concerned, people may be hired to rebuild them and maintain the quality of the new roads. Both of these solutions create more jobs and give the nation of Cuba a head start to a better life.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Denmark
Delegate Name: Julianna Greenleaf
School: Williamston High School

In the past century, science and technology have made major leeps and bounds when it comes to advances in all different types of fields. Some examples of these advancements include farmers adopting new irrigation patterns as well as applying fertilizer and insecticides. Also, cell phones and internet can help people access healthcare and education. However, many of these improvements to the world cannot reach and effect countries that are stuggleing to get into the 21st century. The Untied Nations can help with these countries by giving a hand and distributing new technology that would help these 3rd world countries.

Although Denmark has never had any problems harvesting technology, we do believe that it is important that countries all over the world should be able to have basic technology and sciences understanding that can help the countries economy and the people itself. Denmark understands that all countries of the world should get some form of technology that can help them in some way, shape or form, if they would want it.

Denmark believes with the Untied Nations help, technology and sciences assistance can be given to countries in locations such as Africa, the Middle East, and places in China, India and the South Pacific. Demark believes that we cannot just give basic technologies, but also need to send people in to help teach the people to use the new resources. As long some of the countries and regions throughout the world are stuggling, the world as a whole can only go so far technology wise before we cannot go any futher.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Ecuador
Delegate Name: Corey Lee
School: Fishers High School

The Republic of Ecuador asserts from personal experience that the investment of allocations to fund technological developments provides efficient growth in economic and educational fields. In past years, the Republic of Ecuador has made widespread advancements in education through the investment of funds to support education. These advancements may be one reason that the extreme poverty in Ecuador decreased from 40 percent to 17.4 percent between 2001 and 2011. The investments in education mainly paid for increased technology in schools. Clearly, this technology has aided in solving the problem of development challenges in Ecuador. Therefore, Ecuador strongly believes that the implementation of science and technology can effectively solve the problem of development challenges.

Ecuador, being ranked only 79th with regard to technological advancements, recognizes the difficulty of implementing technology in under-developed countries. Lacking proper funding, such developments can pose an issue in some cases. However, if the United Nations seeks methods to fund these developments in under-developed nations by implementing the financial aid of first-world countries, then these nations can rapidly develop.

The Republic of Ecuador has recently adopted a new constitution, as of 2008. Voting is crucial in this nation and therefore, proper access to voting opportunities must be given to the citizens. From a technological standpoint, in light of the fact that many nations have developed computerized voting, it is to the opinion of the Republic of Ecuador that all nations with democracies should have access to these voting machines. Having recently received 1,500 of these machines in a gracious donation from the Dominican Republic, the Republic of Ecuador can justify their broad-scale use.

The oil business is an important aspect of the Ecuadorian economy. However, since the British Petroleum spill in the Gulf of Mexico a few years ago, it has become clear that all nations must take precautions to avoid such environmental disaster. In order to effectively prevent these disasters, nations must incorporate new technologies. Ecuador already has clean-water problems, and an oil spill would be disastrous for the republic. Recent technological advancements, however, could aid in the stoppage of these disasters. The Republic of Ecuador proposes that all oil-producing nations develop safe technology to prevent environmental calamity. Oil production in Ecuador is at its peak, and recently the Amazon River’s water has been polluted by this oil. It is necessary that the Republic of Ecuador seek to improve the oil-collecting techniques currently used, in order to address the development challenges regarding oil collection, which so obviously plague this nation.

Oil and agriculture are hugely necessary in the Republic of Ecuador, and also several other countries of the United Nations. Ecuador, having faced these issues multiple times, suggests that technological developments and science would be effective methods of solving these fundamental developmental issues.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: France
Delegate Name: Ryan Mersol-Barg
School: Roeper School

For France, the one of the primary challenges that the world is facing when using technology for development is electrical power.

France believes that world power supply should be at the forefront of discussion. To develop a modern economy, it must be built on the back of modern equipment, which requires electricity in massive quantities. Moving forward with solutions, for many nations with limited carbon fuels and limited wind, solar, or geothermal resources, one solution should be nuclear power. Nuclear power has very little impact on the environment concerning global warming, as its sole emissions are water vapor and limited heat from cooling towers. This is a key issue in planning for developing nations because the majority of damage from poor environments affects developing countries, so it is necessary for the future welfare of developing nations to maintain a high environmental quality.

Nuclear power is also very efficient because when well regulated, some of the fuel materials can be recycled and re-used. Although the world cannot be solely reliant on nuclear power, it has the potential to help developing nations if we include it as an option and then choose to implement it appropriately. Another major benefit for nuclear power is that despite high start-up costs, nuclear power is one of the cheapest sources of energy available in large scale. According to the MIT Energy Initiative, nuclear power only costs 2 cents (US currency) per kilowatt-hour. Nuclear power produces zero carbon emissions.

Many countries support nuclear power. For starters, even coal producing nations like Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary have jointly urged the EU to support nuclear power. Many moderately developed and poorly developed countries are also looking to create a nuclear program. Switzerland, Armenia, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, Belgium and Lithuania are also likely to support nuclear programs.

While France has focused exclusively on nuclear power, it is mainly because this source is routinely written out of energy planning equations. France is also highly willing to back other technologies such as wind, solar, or geothermal resources appropriate to developing nations which will further their electrical energy production. France seeks to work with other nations to foster technologies that will aid development.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Holy See
Delegate Name: David Baron
School: Royal Oak High School

As the Holy See, my delegation represents the position of not just the Vatican, but also of the 1.2 billion Roman Catholics worldwide. In the field corresponding to the advancement of technology, we believe that it is crucial in today's modern age of information to stay up to date with innovations taking place everyday. We see the value in advancing technology and how it can be used for the good of our not just our people, but our allies as well. Developing technology for the protection of people against typhoons, for example, not only helps The Holy See's demographic of religious followers, but also helps the people of countries like The Philippines whom are a primarily Roman Catholic nation.

As for what we are doing for advancements in technology as a nation, our Pontifical Academy that is multi-national and multi-racial in it's membership works everyday in efforts of 6 broad and major topics: Fundamental science, Science and technology of global problems, Science for the problems of the developing world, Scientific policy, Bioethics, and Epistemology. We look to advance our technology as efficiently as possible to support our social works all across the globe in effort to give humanitarian aid as well as economical, to all our people, regardless of their destination while at the same time respecting the boundaries and legitimacy of any nation we conduct affairs in.

The Holy See wants to be able to work together with any allied countries along with countries with similar developmental interest for the better of our constituents as well as for the better of these nation's citizens alike. Along with this, we represent the values of our people and the limits of how far science and technology may go and do not tamper with morally grey areas of science. We respect the policies as interests that other nations may have but will hold ourselves to our limits as well. We seek to shape policy in accordance to the values of or constituents as well as regarding the interest of all other nations and seek to improve the quality of life for all nations.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: India
Delegate Name: Emily Damato
School: Forest Hills Central High School

Technology continues to improve—and the rate at which it improves has been increasing. This exponential development has brought great benefits to all fields, from agriculture to healthcare. However, society has not been able to incorporate the innovations as quickly as they have been produced. India recognizes that nations stand to gain incredible efficiency and improvements to the standard of living by quickly implementing the new technology within society. General education in STEM fields is necessary for the application and advancement of science and technology. India has crafted strong STEM education programs to craft a society with a strong understanding of science and technology, a necessary prerequisite to benefiting from new innovations. India strives to continue incorporating science and technology into Indian society, while collaborating with other nations.

India has not only made vast improvements in STEM education, but has greatly improved the gender ratio of STEM students. Through these efforts, India has improved the general understanding of science and technology in the younger generation, but the overall population lags behind. Government efforts have been made to implement science and technology to better the environment and agriculture, but new developments have been met with resistance. After GMO crop failure led to economic distress in rural regions, GMOs have lost popularity. India still pushes to harness natural power through technology for a source of renewable energy.

India currently strives to improve world public understanding of science through STEM education. Through South-South cooperation India particularly focuses on aiding Africa. Together Africa and India work on making access to informational and communication technology available to rural regions, and are making virtual courses to provide general and STEM education to these populations. Although India reserves some hesitation when implementing GMOs, India advocates the rapid acceptance of new innovations into society. Through world cooperation, India seeks to improve public understanding of science through universal STEM education and to integrate informational technology into rural society.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Japan
Delegate Name: Nicolas Payton
School: Saginaw Arts and Sciences Academy

Japan, while beautiful, can be a harsh terrain. Mountainous forestland makes up two thirds of Japan, and leaving little farm land. But we have marched on and fought against our difficulties. Now Japan is among other world leaders in technology and science. Both helped even the earliest farmers by teaching them irrigation systems, and still helps progress our techniques even in modern times. But our nation is not among the ones that are starving. We are endowed with fresh water and fertile soil. The same cannot be said for our fellow men and women in such places as Africa. The lack of water not only hurts a nation's hygiene and health, but also bring down the amount of farm-able land. This is where advancements in science and technology come into play.

Man as of now can do little with changing the weather, but what we can do is change the plants. Africa is stricken with more than just droughts, making those who live there a strong and resilient people, though the same cannot be said for the crops. As Africa grows, so does it food needs. For a nation to truly develop, it must stop having to rely on imports of food and water. New plants must be brought to these farms. Plants that are as resilient as the people who care for them, and science has done such a thing. Japan has had the privilege of supplying African farmers with NERICA, a strain of rice that was developed to resist droughts and grow even in the driest of weather. This scientific break through is just what is needed for the nations of Africa. While more strains of different crops are looked into, cooperation volunteers are already testing this crop in Uganda. They are teaching any who wish to learn the proper techniques of laying the seeds, when to harvest, and how to transfer the rice at the right time. Other techniques such as drip irrigation, that uses rubber tubes and special valves, are also being used. This technique supplies water straight to the roots, requiring much less water. Our hope is that by lessening the struggle for food, that the people will look into their own ways and learn how science can help them even further. This will begin a bloom of education not only in agriculture, but perhaps science in general. This will be the stepping stone for a brighter and healthier generation.

If a single country can help this much, we like to imagine what an international community can do for its neighbors. If nations from around the globe seek to help the starving nations of such places like Uganda, then they will be helping our race as a whole. Much of the support needed now is just money and man power that is needed to teach and build the required systems and how to maintain them. Once these issues are faced, then development will quicken and these nations will be on the right path to a better future.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Nepal
Delegate Name: Scott Lenkart
School: Mattawan High School

Science and technology have demonstrated the capability to transform the way the world interacts. Instant communication has lead to globalization and cultural diffusion. Many cultures are becoming influenced by more developed regions and are adopting commodities like cell phones. The rise in technology contributes directly to a rise in literacy rate. Literacy rate has been proven to increase life expectancy. From this connection, we can draw that a more educated and technologically advanced society will have a higher standard of living than those less developed.

Nepal has struggled with developing infrastructure to support the technological boom that has taken place in other nations. 7% of the population lives in almost inaccessible mountainous regions, connected to urban centers only by sparse, rugged roads. Education for men and women is only consistent in urban centers. Some efforts are underway to build roads and improve the education system in these rural areas, where 85% of the population lives. This percentage of the population depends largely on subsistence farming, and many can’t produce enough to feed themselves. 30% of children under the age of 5 are underweight; in the mountainous regions that number can be upwards of 60%.

Scientific innovation and education of Nepalese in the STEM fields can only be achieved with infrastructure improvement and outside funding. In its current state, Nepal does not have the resources to develop or supply technology. Only 2% of the population has access to the internet. This makes the development goals of some other nations too lofty for Nepal to achieve. Scientific agricultural advances, like hybrid seed corn, have been applied to rural areas with mixed results. If more of these technologies could be utilized to help the population feed themselves, the development could be worthwhile. Nepal requires assistance in the form of educated manpower and funding to apply technologies to the rural population. This can only be done with roads to transport this funding and manpower.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: New Zealand
Delegate Name: Matthew Johnson
School: Mattawan High School

Over the past half century technology has developed abundantly. Achievements in science and technology have enabled environmental and economic benefits. What the world is affronted with today is advancing these technologies toward struggling nations. Today it seems that the least developed countries seem to be the most lacking in science and technology. Due to these technological absences, these struggling countries are not only less informed, but they are also limited by their economies.

The Delegation of New Zealand would like to acquaint that our countries advancement in technology has opened many doors; it has improved our supply for skilled workers, our film industry, and lastly the wellbeing of our nation’s people. The innovation of technology has created more of a contented state of our nation. New Zealand believes that with these technologies and research we could assist and strengthen the nations, which need it most.

In our delegation’s perspective we would hope to see that these ambitions will become true. New Zealand is hoping that our allies The United States, Australia, and Canada would be of assistance. To achieve these goals more funding needs to be put toward advancing technology, and organizations need to be made in order to put these funds to use, later we hope that these recommendations will help. with the help of the nations combined recourses technology and scientific research will be at new heights. not to let out the fact that with these new innovations, undeveloped countries could strengthen, and greatly improve their current state of economy and the well being of their people.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Nigeria
Delegate Name: John Bradtke
School: Mattawan High School

The nation of Nigeria is one of the most oil rich nations in all of Africa. Yet, Nigeria is still developing technologically in order to export this valuable natural resource to the rest of the world. The developmental challenges we face as Nigeria include poor telecommunication networks, poor internet networks, and lacking infrastructure. Nigeria only records having approximately 418,200 phones in the country, all working on a poor network connection. It is known that increased technology can also lead to increased life expectancy, as well as increased literacy rates; two things which Nigeria is struggling to improve upon.

Nigeria is struggling with developing the technology available to the population in order to stay competitive with other nations. We believe that improving the technology available will lead to many economic improvements. Things such as paved roads, airports, and safe trade and travel would all be positively effected by having a more technological society. All of these aspects of infrastructure lead to easier and safer trade, and in turn larger economic gains. The strategy of boosting infrastructure with the new technologies available works well, however, these can not be improved without aid from nations that are already technologically developed.

To educate more Nigerian citizens in the STEM fields, outside funding and support is needed from technological nations. Without outside aid, Nigeria does not have the ability to educate its citizens to the extent that other nations could. Nigeria will continue to advance, but at a much slower rate compared to the more technological nations. Numbers show that we lack in the categories that indicate strong STEM fields, as Nigeria only has 1,234 internet hosts, and only one of one hundred citizens possess a cell phone. In addition to educating the current workforce, Nigeria would benefit by incorporating mathematics and science courses into the curriculum for the younger up and coming generations. This will set up the next generation of the work force with the education needed to get these competitive and important STEM jobs. With improved technology education through outside aid, STEM jobs would become more abundant and Nigeria would have the ability to utilize its vast natural resources and maximize its trade potential.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Pakistan
Delegate Name: Anastasia Pacifico
School: Royal Oak High School

Our current world is one of continuously advancing technology and information. As the world advances, it is easy for countries that already have abundant resources to use science and technology to continue developing, but what becomes of the rest of the world? It is important that the international community does not leave behind the majority of the world’s population who might not have access to STEM higher education, or even internet access.

Pakistan has taken great strides in its commitment to participating in the information revolution. We have increased our budget for science and technology by 1500%, have invested in higher education, and created connections with institutions in more developed countries. But in areas that still have little access to even primary education, how can the committee jump ahead to try and implement higher education focusing on technology? Each country has different situations, needs, and cultures that the committee must be sensitive to. In a submission by Pakistan to CSTD, we stated that “…projects must build on an assessment of local needs, as locally defined by local people.” Especially in rural areas, the use of technology for development has to be at the grassroots level, addressing the needs of each individual community.

To be able to thrive and be competitive in the world’s new economy, this technological and scientific modernization is essential. Pakistan is optimistic that this committee will be beneficial in the larger progress of development in science and technology around the world.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Russia
Delegate Name: Alex Rosencrance
School: Forest Hills Northern High School

Being from the Russian Federation we see the benefits of technology for all. Even though we have had struggled with a constant update of our technology, we have recently began to put more emphasis back on new research. Due to our literacy rate, which is at almost 100%, we are trying to catch back up in technological race, which we are somewhat behind in right now. We will continue to push more money into research so we cannot only improve our own country, but improve the lives of people in other countries.

As a nation who used to be a superpower when it came to technology, we know what it is like to be technologically advanced. This is what is driving us to not only to improve our own technology, but also to improve the technology of the technology of the 3rd world nations. It is very clear that we need to provide this technology to these countries, so they can work to solve their own issues. It does us no good to give aid to these nations, if we do not give them the foundation to build themselves upon. Frankly, this foundation is only achieved when we allow these nations to have a technological infrastructure.

Here at the Russian Federation, we would like to stress how much we feel the need to giver everyone access to technology. If we can get help from everyone, then it will not be as expensive and we will save more lives, than if we only had the support of a few nations. If we all got together, we would be able to bring everyone in the world into the 21st century; but we need a plan.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Senegal
Delegate Name: Jordyn Wexler
School: Roeper School

Senegal looks forward to the help of other nations for new ideas, techniques, theories, experiments and products, regarding science and technology. Senegal believes that if used correctly, harnessing the right type of science and technology could greatly further the development of Senegal as well as the rest of the globe.

​Technology has helped Senegal in the past, especially Senegalese women. The Cell Phone Project funded by the USAID helped women who were illiterate or did not attend the health meetings, to go to their doctor appointments because of the text reminders that they would receive. Because of the use of cell phones, 95 percent of the women who received the texts would show up to their scheduled doctor appointments. This is only one example of how modern technology has greatly improved the lives of the Senegalese. Senegal believes that science and technology can be relatively adapted for many other purposes that every other nation could benefit from as well.

​Senegal believes that if other countries were to improve their education system and encourage more of the younger generation to go into science and technology related studies that the likelihood for new science and technological development would increase globally. Since independence, Senegal has established over a dozen universities with science and technical training, led by its flagship institution, University Cheikh Anta Diop. Also it would be useful to the country if an additional UN fund were set up, so that able nations could donate to the development of science and technology, giving nations greater developmental capabilities. Senegal believes that if the more highly recognized scientists and technicians from around the globe were to collaborate with each other, that it would increase the speed of which we come upon new findings in science and technology.

​Senegal believes that harnessing new sciences and technology is vital to global development. Senegal welcomes the support from other countries that are in need or in support of development. Senegal is ready to work with other nations to promote the further spread of science and technology in the developing world.

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Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: South Africa
Delegate Name: Noah Goff
School: Williamston High School

Science and technology are incomprehensibly important to bringing living conditions in developing countries up to par with developed countries. Simply educating a population can create massive benefits to the entire region. Providing clean, safe resources to them can lower rates of disease and poverty. There must be caution when planning this increase of science and technology. Not properly distributing technology can cause weapons and resources to fall into the hands of local warlords and other nefarious groups bent on oppressing others. Clearly the area most in need of development is Africa. Africa has the highest rate of developing states of any other inhabited continent, and a high rate of civil strife. Africa also has an abundance of natural resources that can be used to improve the living conditions of the entire continent.

This cannot be done everywhere at once. All of Africa is not ready for full modernization. Areas that have high rates of civil strife must become peaceful before full modernization can take place. This is because if the UN was to assist in fully modernizing unstable areas, technology could fall into the hands of local dictators and warlords. As such, the UN needs to consider how to properly implement technology in all of Africa. South Africa proposes that the UN attempts to assist currently stable countries in Africa. The stable states that now are much more modern can act as a stabilizing influence on the entire continent.

South Africa finds itself in a position that could provide benefit to the entire continent. In addition to several other more stable independent nations, we could provide a strong stable influence on the entire continent. A strong economically stable nation can provide the necessary benefits to help in regional conflicts, as well as combating deadly diseases and starvation further north. We cannot do this alone however; we will require monetary and physical aid from other modernized nations in order to accomplish our goals.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: South Korea
Delegate Name: Sydney Graham
School: Flint Southwestern Classical Academy

The Republic of Korea has had much success in scientific research and innovation. We have developed many new technologies in recent years and have been working to improve conditions within our nation using the new discoveries we make. A quarter of our public spending has been designated to research and development to make our country a better place, especially for our poor. We have over 200,000 researchers working to develop new ideas and technologies and continue to grow in science and research.

As a nation that has experienced many benefits from scientific innovation, the Republic of Korea believes that it is important for the rest of the international community to support and facilitate the growth of scientific and technological research and industries. Today, many a nation suffers difficulty due to recent economic problems; new innovations could provide a solution to economic, health, and education issues. The Republic of Korea believes that every nation should endorse scientific advancement within their own borders and be willing to assist less developed countries in doing the same.

We, the Republic of Korea, request our fellow nations to work with us to increase support for nations attempting to become more innovative and make scientific progress on an international level. If we nations support each other, it will be much easier to start progressing or continue advancing individually. The Republic of Korea emphasizes the need for countries to make efforts to use these new technologies to improve the conditions within their borders and to be willing to provide assistance to others. Consider the things achievable provided we cooperate to form a plan that will encourage and endorse not only research, but the application of our new discoveries for the good of the international community and by extent to the benefit of our own peoples.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Sudan
Delegate Name: Madison Hoffman
School: Fishers High School

Sudan is currently struggling with technological advancements in our country. Because of the civil war in our country we have been trying to recover and technological advancements have not been achieved as much as we would have liked. We need help from the international community to make this a priority in our state.

In July 2011, Sudan split into two different nations, hurting the economy even more. Because of this money has become a problem in our country, thus not letting us invest our money into technological advancements. However, we have been using the money we can on advancements in solar power. Because of the Saharan weather the sun shines over Sudan for much of the days therefore allowing solar power to become a main energy source.

Sudan believes that nations and educate individuals in STEM fields. The best way to do this is to start with the younger population since they will be the ones to most likely use it in the future. Making this part of the basic education of mathematics can help the under-developed make advancements.

These advancement will take a while to take effect because of distribution of the materials that must be taught. First it must be taught to the educators before anything can be decided and anyone in the under-developed can be educated. This is going to take time and efforts from both developed and under-developed countries together.

Sudan believes that this issue should be tackled on a state-to-state bases for the best results. By doing this it will become a more personal interaction between those involved. If we do this on a regional bases some states may not get the most out of this educational process. The goal of this committee is to help develop countries in STEM fields in the best way we can, so by making this a more personal experience this would be the best option.

Sudan needs help however, as earlier stated because of our civil war we are unable to contribute funds for this to happen but we will give our support and as much as we can.

http://crs.org/countries/sudan

http://phys.org/news188930573.html

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Sweden
Delegate Name: Alison Pinos
School: Forest Hills Northern High School

In the Kingdom of Sweden, technology is very popular; there are many new inventions being made all of the time and a lot of people are up to date on the new technology; spotify, skype, HIV tracing systems, design conscious solar panels, injury identification systems, and more have been created in Sweden.

Technology has definitely been used to address Sweden’s problems. Sweden has been very involved in preserving the Earth, and has used technology to fix many problems since 1972. Technology has helped clean coal and fix waste management treatments; only one percent of waste goes to rubbish dumps, and this is because of all of the new technology Sweden has.

The education on technology, mathematics, engineering, and science in Sweden has developed rapidly over the past ten years. History of technology and the effects, the awareness of technology in the world, and positive interests are taught. It is taught in both the primary and junior secondary levels and is offered equally to girls and boys. The teaching of technology is encouraged, for it could influence our future engineers greatly.

Countries should definitely collaborate to address problems. Sweden is all about helping other countries because this country has a lot. A lot of countries are able to help other countries and definitely should do their best to do so; this can benefit the whole world in time, especially with all of the new technology.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Turkey
Delegate Name: Marcus McKay
School: Forest Hills Northern High School

As a representative of Turkey, my country has many resources as well as research and development. Such as agriculture, forestry, health, biotechnology, nuclear technologies, minerals, materials, IT, and defense. We also have the opportunity to make new trading partners. Just think of the possibilities if you invested military weapons with African nations. Not only could that start an economic boom, but it would change the entire viewpoint of just how powerful these nations can be if they move up to par the rest of the world.

It is in the UN's best interest to help out these nations by offering them education and employment. So we would help industrialize their cities. We will link their society up with the grid and start from there. Our engineers can help make this happen and build up what was seemingly neglected. If our project succeeds, then we will have economic control over a vast continent. With that said, it would require us to stop funding new technology and focus more on imports and exports. It would be worth it if our plan succeeds, but if anything, we can plan on making enemies in the process.

It seems only fair that if we start this project, Turkey should be the only country to benefit other than who we are trading with. Industrializing Africa will eventually make our nation an economic superpower. Africa right now is essentially Baltic Ave. and Mediterranean Ave. just waiting to be bought out an placed heavy hotels on them. And since China is the only country that has ever attempted to try what we plan to do, I don't expect other countries to go to the degree we are willing to go.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: Turkmenistan
Delegate Name: Joe Zalewski
School: Royal Oak High School

Turkmenistan is making steps to improve our country in scientific development. The creation of the Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan has really helped further our country in scientific progress. At present, careful attention is being paid in Turkmenistan to application of advanced practices and the latest technologies in the production processes. The Turkmen scientists’ successful developments of careful preservation of natural resources for future generations and their efficient use of the natural resources, adaptation of high-yield agricultural crops to local soil, water, and climatic conditions, improvement of breeding work and techniques and crop rotation, development of technologies for construction materials produced from Karakum desert sand and other types of local materials, the use of fundamentally new methods of urban city planning and architecture, production of medical agents from healing plants growing in Turkmenistan, mining minerals and other natural components, beginning restoration work, restoration and preservation of unique archeological and historical monuments, diversifying of spiritual values of our people all over the world, and its culture and art as a national heritage to the developing the national science.

Turkmenistan has contacted more and more with the western world to help develop their scientific community. We have tried to use information from other countries to help us harness our natural raw materials, but we have also have made great strides ourselves in scientific progress. We would like to see the Western powers reach out more and more to other more impoverished countries to aid them with furthering their country. We believe that it is important for large world powers to help develop the smaller ones, ecspecially when it comes to science and technology.

In conclusion, we are diligently working towards furthering our scientific development, and have made life for our people much better through the use of technologies. We hope that all other nations will work towards furthering scientific development and would be happy to collaborate with other countries.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: United Kingdom
Delegate Name: Michelle Bowers
School: Vicksburg High School

Britain solves it's development by applying innovations in science and technology by, more or less, using its advantages for being number one in investment in Europe foreign companies. The UK government is still putting investment toward UK research. The investment framework from 2004-2014

for science and innovation research budget has doubled since 1997 to $6.8 billion in 2007-08. Also partnering with the best researchers in the world helps with the research for innovation of science.

In order for Britain to achieve the goals: expanding and deepening the research and development agenda of science and technology for sustainability; strengthening the infrastructure and capacity for conducting and applying science and technology for sustainability; and connecting science and policy more effectively in pursuit of a transition toward sustainability, we will use science and technology to figure out our development challenges and use them to help us meet our MDGs and learn how to deal with our challenges better. This can also show how science and technology will help our country out.

Ways we can educate and employ individuals in the STEM field could be to let them know the importance of each part of the STEM. We use math on a regular basis for our accounting, economics, and functions. Also, the STEM field is the highest paying and most popular job field these days and if our graduates and students paid attention to how we need to be competitive with these jobs to make sure we're successful with job rate growth. Today's students are tomorrow's leaders. And again, being in this field gives you great public interest, leadership, knowledge and new ideas from the global community.

Emerging economies are better at adopting new technologies than at putting them into widespread use. By using some methods used by other successful countries, developing countries may realize to get everything in their country together, they might need science and technologies help. They can more quickly do this by realizing who their financial or economic partners are and see how they are doing or what methods they use to harness their development challenges with science and technology. Some strategies to use could be to figure out the most challenging development problem in your country, meet the MDGs needed for the situation, see how other countries handle it, and see how science and technology uses from other nations work for your nation.

If development changes aren't getting taken care of due to lack of science and technology use and understanding, then other nations really need to help out to help the developing nations adopt emerging technologies especially if its on a regional level. This not only helps the developing countries, it helps the world. Also depending on how much negative effect a challenge is having on a nation or the world, different nations should decide what needs to be done and how it should be done to improve the problems. Such as is our economy stable, are homes safe, is drinking eater safe, etc. Using science and technology to harness our development challenges may be hard but if we have graduates who understand how important it is and other nations to reach out to developing countries, hopefully soon everyone's negative development challenges will be gone or fixed with technology.

Topic: Harnessing Science and Technology to address Development Challenges
Country: United States
Delegate Name: Callahan Katrak
School: Mattawan High School

Undoubtedly, the fields of science and technology are vital, growing areas not just for developed countries like the United States, but also for the least Developed countries around the world. Education and research in STEM fields is vital for the economic growth that comes from entrepreneurial people. As the United States over $400 billion dollars goes into this valuable research each year, in many least developed countries this value is at or essential zero. Giving people in less developed nations the funding to learn about science and technology will help these countries develop technologies that can be used to further the standard of living throughout their country and help bring the global economy to less developed places. Due to the lack of funding less and least developed countries have not been able to spur the research that will help in so many ways.

The United States has seen and continues to harness the power of science and technology and is certain that just as innovations have helped the United States they will help third world countries as well. A combination of both government and private funding were necessary to excel the growth and innovation in these fields in the United States, so the US feels that bring together a combination of different funding sources is a key factor to help bring technology to least developed countries. It is important both that research be done and that the infrastructure be put in place to allow the populations to use the new technologies created in these countries and the technologies that already exist. It is in the best interest of every nation that they help fund or get other organizations to help fund scientific and technological research and education in their country.

The United States hopes to work with both developed and developing countries to create solutions to the lack of scientific and technological advancement in third world countries. By create diverse solutions using NGO’s and private funding to help spread existing technologies to least developed countries and allow them to begin creating their own technologies, the United States feels we can synthesize a effective plan to bring innovation around the world. It is important that all aspects of the needs to bring these advances, infrastructure, research, and pathways to connect the two, are considered in our resolution.