LGBT Rights

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Angola
Delegate Name: Timothy Gombis
School: Forest Hills Northern High School

The current global issue with LGBT peoples stems from religious and personal moral choices to disagree with a man marrying a man or a woman engaging with a woman, and so on and so forth. Many debates arise from the conflicts because of the debate whether, in legal terms, two men or two women are truly a “couple.” Another issue arises from when a man identified as a woman, or vise versa.

The nation of Angola supports the “LGBT” (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transsexual) community and its strives toward marriage equality. However, Angola disagrees with effort to grant LGBT citizens advantages over heterosexuasl relationships, such as protections from public discrimination, or changing the population’s views forcefully and entirely. Obviously as a sovereign nation, Angola does not condone any discrimination toward any group, be a sexual group or no. As a result, Angola will support any resolutions or agreements to make any individuals equal to others. As stated, Angola will grant no special advantages or protections for LGBT peoples from social interactions between individuals from discrimination because that would enable them to be equal to all others. In regards to legal marriage, Angola would be interested with recognizing LGBTs as couples rather than purely individuals. There is also a large issue with citizens identifying as a man or woman who, by birth, are the opposite sex. This can be easily averted by allowing these citizens to identify as they please, only if their anatomy is a fitting description of a male or female.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Argentina
Delegate Name: Benjamin Brewster
School: Royal Oak High School

There comes a time in the debating of any issue when those involved must look at the humanity of the situation. After all, our humanity is perhaps the one binding characteristic that peoples of all nations undoubtedly share, the one trait that transcends faith, race, nationality, and even radical idealism, and it is in the strong opinion of this nation that humanity transcends the likes of sexual orientation and gender identity as well. Therefore, it is of the deepest concern that many nations seek to deny the humanity that bonds us to our LGBT brethren, and that many of these nations seek to deprive the LGBT community of their basic human rights.

The delegation of Argentina grimly acknowledges that without international interference, through peaceful actions and by way of multinational committees such as the United Nations Human Rights Council, many nations will continue to bask in false ignorance about LGBT rights, or even go as far to purposely persecute members of the LGBT community. For all of the above reasons, this delegation proclaims that the Council must take action. Article II of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that, “Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind…” These rights include the right to be considered free and equal before the law, the right of freedom and expression, and most of all, the right to life, liberty, and security of person. It is clear to this delegation that many nations/states purposely enact discrimination into established law or engage in discriminatory actions, through government, towards members of the LGBT community, solely based on their “distinction” as LGBT individuals, and it is equally clear that this must change.

But even before such an issue is debated, within the confines of a committee such as the UNHRC, this issue poses many tough questions. How can the United Nations push pro LGBT legislation without inappropriately infringing upon established cultural norms? Similarly, how can such actions be meaningful, while still taking into consideration the sovereignty of individual nations? Finally, how can the United Nations confront issues of LGBT rights equally, without discrimination towards or against any members, be it lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender individuals, of the LGBT community?

In light of these concerns, Argentina believes that meaningful steps to further LGBT rights start with consulting directly with the nations of concern. Argentina is a very progressive Western nation, and while it does, like any and all nations, hope to advance its beliefs on the international level, it does not wish to unwillingly force its political its specific political agenda upon other nations. Argentina believes that by drafting a resolution alongside such nations, together as equals we can make meaningful strides towards the equality of man, strides that we can officially agree to.

Strides that the delegation of Argentina believe to be both reasonable and equally meaningful include such goals as the decriminalization of the LGBT community, specifically in the realm of capital punishment. Argentina is deeply saddened by the fact that in ten nations, if a man were to be caught engaging in homosexual activities, he could be tried and potentially receive the death penalty. This is robbing these individuals of their essential human rights, and is therefore in direct violation of the UDHR. The United Nations, and specifically the UNHRC, must take action, and the delegation of Argentina calls for a resolution banning nations from regarding homosexuality, or any act of LGBT expression, as capital offenses, and calls upon the delegations from all regions to advance this resolution, and to cease denying the LGBT community of their subsequent humanity.

In more ways than one, Argentina is among the most qualified of nations to speak on behalf of this issue. As a 92% Roman Catholic nation, Argentina has overcome great cultural norms to become South America’s foremost leader in LGBT rights issues. Since becoming the first country in South America to legalize same-sex marriage, Argentina has passed several pieces of landmark legislation and has championed the rights of the LGBT community on multiple, extremely meaningful fronts. We strongly support the actions taken by the UNHRC, and uphold the principles of its defining Universal Declaration of Human Rights with equal resolve. Many people of the LGBT community are being ruled by governments whose actions against them directly violate this resolution, and we look forward to debating the issue and helping to extend the rights shared by ourselves to all human beings, across the globe, who are affected by this issue.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Australia
Delegate Name: Will Cathcart
School: Kalamazoo Central High School

The treatment of the LGBT community all over the world has become a much more prevalent issue in today's world politics. Australia believes that it is imperative that the nations that are not against the LGBT community take large steps into educating those nations that are against the LGBT community. The nation of Australia has officially recognized a civil union. A civil union is the recognition of the LGBT community by giving them certain rights and benefits. These rights and benefits in Australia include: A nondiscrimination act in the workplace, equal pay, and lifetime economic security. Despite the implementation of the Marriage act of 1961 the Australian people are continuing to change their views of the LGBT community in our nation.

Australia believes their policies, if implemented could change many nations views about the LGBT community for the better. One of these policies is the idea of a civil union. Not only would a civil union better nation's views and policies on the LGBT community, it would also provide the LGBT community a sense of identifiability in their nation as they have certain rights and benefits when recognized under a civil union. Another way Australia’s ideas could be put into place in other nations is by having large corporations or banks promote the recognition of the LGBT community and having certain benefits from that corporation or bank etc. that apply just to the LGBT citizens of that nation.

The protection of the LGBT community is a very serious topic for the nation of Australia. The nation of Australia feels that the protection of its people should be imperative to a nation no matter if the person is of the LGBT community or not. When a person is a part of the LGBT community and is living in a nation that does not recognize the LGBT community there life is very harsh. The nations that recognize this struggle have a moral obligation to step in and help the LGBT citizens stuck in the nation that they live in. Australia believes that there needs to be a major steps taken to help the LGBT community that is in need of help.

In all areas of this topic the nation of Australia is enthused to debate and come up with a resolution that caters to all the needs of all nations whether they are for the LGBT community or against it.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Belgium
Delegate Name: Brendan Jackson
School: Grand Blanc High School

Since the advent of the twenty-first century, the topic of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) persons’ rights has been prolific in society, creating political turmoil in nearly every country across the globe. Although the LGBT rights movement truly began in the mid-twentieth century, it gained traction with the rise of HIV/AIDS, and the trend towards the equalization of LGBT persons grew outward and upward exponentially from there. Currently, LGBT relations are illegal in seventy-six countries, and is punishable by death in seven, even though the UNHRC condemns discrimination against others on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity. In addition to officially deploring discrimination against LGBT persons, numerous UN member states have moved or voted to include LGBT rights as fundamental human rights, which, under the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action are “universal, indivisible, interdependent, and interrelated” to all people. The nation of Belgium has thrown its considerable weight behind these causes in the past, and will continue to do so into the foreseeable future.

In our own glorious nation, the LGBT community has been afforded with every possible protection that it is within our power to give. Same-sex relations have been completely legal since 1795, and after making same-sex unions legal in 2003, we became the second country in the world to sanction same-sex marriage. The majestic state of Belgium has been hailed as one of the most progressive nations in the world in terms of LGBT rights, and we hope to spread this wave of progressivism across the globe, to ensure that all people are treated fairly and equally, especially the members of the LGBT community. It is critical that all nations recognize that members of the LGBT world are also people, and treat them as such under the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, which extends human rights to all people.

The nation of Belgium formally recommends that the UNHRC pass a resolution affirming the indivisible rights of the LGBT community, and condemn the nations that refuse to comply with the UN’s affirmation. It also suggests that a committee be established within the UNHRC to monitor the rights of LGBT citizens of nations across the globe, and to recommend that the Security Council officially place economic sanctions on nations that refuse to comply with UNHRC affirmations. This committee should be formed of delegates from all countries already recognizing LGBT rights, and should include new members as countries acknowledge the basic human rights of its LGBT citizens. It is imperative that we, as the United Nations, help recognize and protect the essential, indivisible rights of all citizens of the world, including the members of the LGBT community.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Benin
Delegate Name: Harrison Greenleaf
School: Williamston High School

Ever since the late 1960’s, one of the discussed issues within the international community is LGBT rights. For most of modern history, being gay or lesbian was considered a crime punishable by death. As society has progressed, more and more countries are starting to ease their stances on LGBT rights. However, there are still many countries that criminalize homosexuality. The strict regulations have led to much conflict both domestically and internationally. The idea of LGBT rights is a debate that is infused with deep religious and cultural roots. For a lot of countries, the foundation of their societies are based on religions which vilify the act of homosexuality. Therefore, they justify the treatment of LGBT citizens as protecting cultural heritage. What is most alarming; however, is the physical violence against both people who are gay and those who support them. There have been numerous reports from all over the globe where people are abused or even killed because they are gay. Disturbingly, many governments do not have any measure in place for the protection of the LGBT community. The United Nations and the Human Rights Council must address the issue as it is a serious issue for every country. They must find a way to respect the cultural heritage of nations while at the same time provide basic human rights to homosexuals.

This issue is important to Benin because we believe in the protection of all citizens. Benin is one of the few nations in Africa that does not criminalize homosexuality. We realize that even though LGBT citizens are different, we must treat them as if they are any other person. Our constitution reaffirms that every person is equal before the law. However, Benin is a country that is proud of its religious and cultural history. We strive to preserve that culture as it is vital to our identity. While we fully support the equal protection of all citizens and the ability for same-sex couples to be in a relationship, we do not believe it is in the best interest of their people to legalize same-sex marriage.

Benin plans to focus on the protection of homosexuals. We will work to find a common ground where both homosexuals can be protected and cultural heritage can be preserved. This can be achieved by creating guidelines that directly uses the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Article 3 should be stressed as it states “Everyone has the right to life, liberty, and security of person”. Benin will advocate for the equal protection of same-sex individuals as it is every countries responsibility to protect its citizens. We will condemn the discriminatory violence that is occurring against homosexuals. There needs to be previsions in place for countries that voluntarily allow violence against LGBT citizen. Actions such as sanctions can be used as a deterrent but is an extreme measure. Even though Benin cannot grant asylum to many people, we urge nations to consider accepting LGBT citizens from other countries. We will also promote other nations to adopt laws which protect the rights of all people. Benin hopes that attention of the Human Rights Council does not become distracted by religious doctrine and that it addresses the deadly violence that is occurring. The meeting should not be focused on ideological conflict but of the protection of fellow individuals. Although it might not be realistic, we wish that countries remove laws that criminalize homosexuality as it is a barrier of progress. Benin will look upon its allies: the United States and France for help and compromise.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Bolivia
Delegate Name: Patricia Krause
School: Forest Hills Central High School

In the past ten years the rights, or lack thereof, of the LGBT community have been brought to the forefront of public and political view. The fight for basic rights has been a difficult one for this community and many of the struggles remain ongoing. Bolivia, like all other countries, has been faced with this problem and responds with tolerant and benevolent laws towards LGBT people.

The United Nations has passed motions that protect the basic human rights of LGBT people, making it illegal to discriminate against, torture, kill, or restrict someone based on their sexual orientation or gender identity. These line up in tandem with the beliefs and rules in place in Bolivia, where homosexuality and being transgender are legal and discrimination against such people is illegal. With the exception of recognition of same-sex marriage, those in the LGBT community in Bolivia receive the rights and protections of any other citizen in the nation.

Bolivia is in a similar place to many others on LGBT Rights as of now, with several parties working from within and without, each trying to enforce their views on the subject. These parties, those fighting for greater equality and religious groups trying to stop this, are present in Bolivia and around the world. The groups push for greater equality between all peoples regardless of gender identity or sexual orientation. This could and likely will, based on previous precedents set by the United States and other countries, lead to the recognition of same-sex marriage in the long run in Bolivia, although that day probably will not be soon.

Overall, Bolivia hopes for the ultimate safety for those in the LGBT community, preferring that the United Nations focus more on ensuring safety and basic human rights than going for more elaborate international goals, such as the legalization of same-sex marriage. More important is the ensured safety of transgender peoples who are constantly being threatened or killed in Bolivia and in the world as a whole. This alarming fact is proof enough that the general focus of the assembly should be on overall health of LGBT peoples rather than extended citizen rights for them. Bolivia feels that the assurance of basic rights and life should be the main focus surrounding LGBT rights when discussing what should be done.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Brazil
Delegate Name: Ella Streng
School: Forest Hills Northern High School

The debate of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) rights is a discussion has been prominent for decades. It is important this matter is discussed and a firm policy is developed in each individual country. Many members of this community are subject of violence and oppression. Action must also be taken to prevent hate crimes and to enforce their equality in countries that allow it.

Brazil legalized same-sex marriage on May 14, 2013. They are one of the first countries to take this action and take pride appealing to the LGBT community in this way. Members of the LGBT community take up 8.34% percent of the population and this number continues to increase. Brazil does not have a specific federal anti-discrimination law based on sexual orientation, but the country does have an anti-discrimination article that can be considered to include such cases. Despite the government's acceptance of LGBT individuals, there are still complications with conservatives. Public equality is questionable and hate crimes are common, but not without punishment.

Brazil was one of the 47 supporters of the UN’s 2014 Landmark Resolution on Anti-Gay Bias. Brazil stated that the proposed amendments would “seek to radically change the purpose and focus of the resolution and change its substance.”

Brazil believes members of the LGBT should be treated equally and have equal rights. They are working to give them public equality by hosting pride parades. Sao Paulo Gay Pride Parade is the world’s largest LGBT pride celebration, with over 4 million people participating. Brazil also has anti-homophobia campaigns and films educated citizens on homophobia. The film Sexuality and Hate Crimes, was produced by Vagner de Almeida and Richard Parker and was widely popular throughout the country. When dealing with transgender individuals, Brazil's public health system provides free sex-change operations.

In order to create an equal society, LGBT pride must be celebrated and noticed. Brazil must keep an open mind and continue to advertise equality. Governmental leaders must keep an open mind when dealing with the LGBT community and affairs and this will cause more brazilians to change their homophobic and transphobic views on the issue.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Burkina Faso
Delegate Name: Kali Beltz
School: Royal Oak High School

Burkina Faso is a country with a high youth population and strong regions where tribal traditions prevail in villages with over 60 different ethnic groups. We would count this as one of the main reasons why LGBT rights are suffering right now. There is not enough demand for more rights to be added on the ballot because many people live in rural areas and follow the traditions of their ancestors, something which has always been part of our culture.

We are fortunate that lesbian and gay relationships are legal and benefit from an equal age of consent. None of our political parties have adopted LGBT Rights as a platform nor have our citizens voiced concerns over the treatment of LGBT citizens, which can be taken as a signal that our citizens don't feel this to be an issue deserving of attention and as a result we do not feel further laws are necessary.

Burkina Faso law does not discriminate on sexual orientation in employment, housing, education, or healthcare, as stated in our Constitution. The private religious and traditional beliefs of our citizens are not something that our government has power over or feels obligated to change.

While more developed countries may see us a country in violation of human rights we must also remind them that their "progressive" stance is also a reflection of their people asked for, voted on, and all but demanded. These resolutions did not come about on whims, they were hard won by people who pushed for them. With no party here to push for these rights or demand reform they may as well not exist; and maybe it is better if they don't. Pushing such radical changes in countries with no demand for them or which do not have stable climates to do so can result in unrest.

I look forward to discussing the status of LGBT Rights with my fellow delegates.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: China
Delegate Name: James Wheeler
School: Forest Hills Central High School

In the People's Republic of China, Homosexuality was decriminalized in 1997 and removed from the official list of mental disorders in 2001. According to article 33 of the PRC constitution, all citizens are equal before the law. Homosexuals are afforded all rights allotted to all citizens under the chinese constitution. Although there are no specific laws or policies that ban discrimination outright, there are a number of polices that offer forms of protection against discrimination. The Marriage Law of the People's Republic of China explicitly defines marriage as the union between one man and one woman, meaning that same-sex marriages and civil unions are not recognised. Similarly homosexuals are not authorised to adopt children because this is reserved for married couples.

Although the People's Republic of China welcomes the idea of expanding human rights, we anticipate that the policies that are likely to be recommended in this committee will be intrusive and represent a gross violation of our nation's national sovereignty. We will vote in an appropriate manner in order to protect our nation's fundamental right to national sovereignty.

The People’s Republic of China believes that the issue of human rights should be left up to each nation to deal with themselves, whom we believe to be in the best position to understand the delicate situation involved in the matter of the individual lives of our citizens whose rights we have an obligation to protect under Chinese law.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Colombia
Delegate Name: Jason Higdon
School: Mattawan High School

Colombia has a proud history of supporting the LGBT community, legalizing same-sex sexual activity in 1981 and establishing anti-discrimination laws for employment, the provision of goods and services, and laws against hate speech. Colombia also allows for the changing of legal gender identity to support the transsexual community, and also allows for civil unions between homosexuals with the possibility of adoption (these unions are legal equals of marriage, though the term marriage is not used as Colombian marriage is a traditionally Catholic institution, though a recent Colombian supreme court case challenges this). Colombia also allows transsexuals and homosexuals to serve openly in its military. All of this serves to put Colombia at the forefront of countries supporting LGBT rights in South America, as well as most of the world.

Colombia would be supportive of making its national policies international, forcing other nations to provide the legal and social equality for LGBT people that Colombia believes they deserve. Colombia would very much support measures that establish baseline equality for the LGBT people of the world. The only possible measure Colombia would refuse is forcing nations to unilaterally allow for gay marriage, as Colombia prefers to support civil unions for homosexual couples instead of marriage due to the strong Catholic sentiment in the country.

Colombia is a strong believer in the responsibility of nations to provide safety, security, and equality for their LGBT citizens as proven by their strong anti-discrimination laws. Colombia firmly believes that LGBT people should be protected from discrimination in employment, provision of goods and services, and protection from hate speech. Colombia would support international legislation that advances this front and protects LGBT people from any discrimination on these fronts.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Congo
Delegate Name: Carly Anderson
School: Forest Hills Central High School

The Republic of Congo has never had a law against the sexual acts of same-sex couples. The sexual acts of LGBT couples is not discriminated against or illegal in any way. However The Congo does hold a law stating that same-sex couples do not have the right to adopt a baby. The constitution of The Republic of the Congo prohibits discrimination based on political, sexual, or religious orientation.The Congo however does have a law that penalizes anyone who ,“commits a shameless act or an act against nature with an individual of the same sex under the age of 21”. According to the NGO association de Soutien aux Groupes Vulnerables (ASGV) and members of the LGBT community of the Congo these laws do not prohibit consensual same-sex conduct, and authorities did not employ the law to arrest or prosecute LGBT persons.

The Congo does not discriminate against or protect homosexuals they are simply left alone without further ado from the government point of view. However there is some social stigma in the country about homosexuality but it has not posed an issue to the country because there has been no reported cases of such discrimination reported to any NGOs. Because of this social stigma there is a very small LGBT community in the Congo. During the year 2014 the human rights report of the Congo states that there were no known publicly reported cases of violence against LGBT individuals throughout that year.

The Congo has signed a treaty for the optional protocol of the convention against torture on September 29th, 2008. The republic of the Congo also supported and helped ratify the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (OP-ICESCR).

The Congo should remain the way it is with its actions regarding LGBT rights, but a governmental campaign to rid the social stigma of the LGBT community should be put into place within the next few years. Any cases regarding violence against LGBT members with be thoroughly investigated and carefully interpreted by the government. Th government will take notice of and act upon any discriminatory actions by State Security Force. Any officer who had brought about the discrimination/ violence towards an LGBT person will be penalized.

Works Cited

"Home | HumanRights.gov Is the Official United States Government Website for International Human Rights Related Information." Home | HumanRights.gov Is the Official United States Government Website for International Human Rights Related Information. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.

"Human Rights Bodies." United Nations Human Rights. N.p., 25 Sept. 2012. Web. <treaties.un.org>.

United Nations Human Rights. United Nations, n.d. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.

U.S Department of State. Republic of The Congo. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Web. <http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/160117.pdf>.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Croatia
Delegate Name: Anni Paldan
School: Mattawan High School

Within the last few decades, the world has seen a significant amount of coverage and reform on the aspect of rights for those identifying in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community. A significant amount of attention was brought to the topic in the 1980s with the AIDS epidemic, shining a light on the community as a whole and bringing the rights of these people into question. However, there are still reforms on the horizon. Many countries refuse to admit marriage rights, gender recognition, or even the gender reconstruction and reassignment surgeries necessary to those in the transgender spectrum. These areas of discrimination and neglect have been broadly advertised through politics and media within the last decade.

Croatia as a whole supports anti-discriminatory laws against gender and sexual orientation. However, there are still various disagreements over the topic in the political system. A constitutional amendment was passed in 2014 stating that marriage within our country must be between a heterosexual couples. Currently, Croatia is working to overturn this amendment. To contrast this oppression, Croatia has implemented various other laws and acts permitting different rights to the LGBT community. These rights pertain to the Life Partnership Act of 2014, which enables homosexual couples the privileges of married heterosexual couples with the exception of adopting a child. A subsection of the act allows for a non-parental life partner to become the permanent and legal co-guardian of their partner’s children, as would happen in a stepchild situation for heterosexual couples. This legislation moved through with the approval of Croatia’s Prime Minister, Zoran Milanovic. In terms of the transgender community, Croatia is also very accepting. Many Sex Reassignment Surgeries (SRS) are available for those who are willing. Overall, Croatia is committed to eliminating all types of discrimination through its nation, as is evident in our involvement to the LGBT Core Group at United Nations on Ending Violence and Discrimination. With their current efforts to expand the rights of those belonging to the LGBT community, the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association (ILGA) has ranked Croatia fifth out of the 49 European countries in terms of LGBT rights. However, Croatia is still facing many obstacles in the way of having full freedom for their citizens who identify on the LGBT spectrum. The current political leadership in place is open to reforms and wishes that other nations will join in upholding the safety and basic human rights of their citizens.

In regards to a resolution, Croatia hopes for one that promotes all countries to abide by a guideline for implementing all rights to the LGBT community, including marriage, so that future conflicts on the issue will cease. If all parties are willing and able to approach the topic with an open and understanding mind, we believe that debate on the topic will help to expand rights to those who face violence and discrimination for being authentic to themselves.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Delegate Name: Rachel Lissner
School: Grand Blanc High School

In recent years, the rights of LGBT people have gained increased attention. The status of these individuals varies greatly around the world. Some LGBT individuals are granted only basic rights, while others are also extended the right to marry. However, not all LGBT people live in such an accepting community. Nations still exist today where homosexuality is illegal and punishable by imprisonment or death. There is no set international standard for the union rights attributed to the LGBT community, and many countries demand for it to stay this way.

The Democratic Republic of Congo does not recognize any sort of legal same-sex union. Same-sex sexual activity has never been illegal in our country, but we have not established anti-discrimination laws to protect LGBT people in any capacity. While the DRC does not encourage LGBT relationships, we have no reports of police harassment towards LGBT individuals. We are not opposed to the guarantee of basic rights to protect LGBT people, but the DRC does not support legal relationships between such individuals and believes that any effort by the United Nations to intervene in this decision would be a violation of our national sovereignty.

The rights of LGBT individuals are not a primary concern of the Democratic Republic of Congo, and we believe that our current policy is sufficient. Our people do not support homosexuality and therefore we do not feel the need to grant LGBT people extended rights. Homosexuality is not a crime in our country, but we do not intend on giving LGBT couples the legal right to marry. We hope to focus on the granting of basic rights, but strongly believe that any further action would infringe upon our national sovereignty.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Denmark
Delegate Name: Renee DeBault
School: Vicksburg High School

Since 1933 same sex activity has been legal in Denmark. Denmark is extremely accepting and has granted the LGBT community many rights. The country of Denmark is to be considered to be one of the countries to “pioneer” the rights for LGBT people after 1989, when Denmark legally recognized same-sex unions until 2012 when same sex marriage was legalized. Since 2004 there has been law passed that prohibit people from being discriminated against, law that now allow same-sex couples to adopt, and to also allow people of the LGBT community to openly serve in the military.

The rights of the member of the LGBT community is a global topic because many countries in the world deny that these people should have rights and punish them for their beliefs by discriminating against them, and even killing them in some countries. Nations around the world should be obligated to protect members of the LGBT community. A country should protect the citizens and people of their country. Due to Denmark being a country that is very pro LGBT and to it having a very socially liberal government there is very little government involvement in the citizen’s personal lives. Denmark pushes for LGBT rights all around the world.

The obligation to protect a country's citizens that are LGBT should extend to the protection of their lives. Denmark strives to move toward creating and supporting a resolution where the lives of the LGBT community is protected and not at risk for being open within their countries borders.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Egypt
Delegate Name: Jaire Byers
School: Grand Blanc High School

There has been a worldwide insurgence of the discussion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights, and the United Nations has passed resolutions in recent years that advocate for the protection of people who identify as LGBT. Since the appropriate panic surrounding the HIV/AIDS epidemic among the LGBT community has stimulated media attention, the discussion of LGBT issues is becoming increasingly relevant since the 1980s as more countries (especially European and North American) have passed legislation in support of LGBT-identified individuals. The Arab Republic of Egypt has not been involved in the international discussion of this topic in the United Nations, but recent events urge us to participate in such discussions.

Ninety-five person of people in Egypt are Muslim, and Islam is the official religion of Egypt—the Shari'a being the ultimate source of legislation—so same-sex activity is not only offensive to our religion but also deemed as criminal. Homosexual activity between males is punishable by up to 17 years in prison with or without hard labor. Same-sex marriages or other same-sex relationships are not recognized by the Republic. The high prevalence of HIV/AIDS among people who engage in homosexual activity is also major concern. Egypt has one of the lowest prevalences of HIV/AIDS among adults (0.1%, 136th in the world), and the swift detainment of such criminals seems to keep the epidemic at bay. Regardless, LGBT-identified people should be give as many rights as any accused person.

The worldwide support of people who engage same-sex behavior or deny their birth sex is a major threat to our constitution. Egypt regrettably recognizes the resolutions that the United Nations have passed regarding the rights of LGBT-identified individuals, concerned that our national sovereignty is being violated in that our people's religious freedom in being encroached. Egypt also is concerned that the safety of populations abroad may be threatened by the acceptance and encouragement of homosexual behavior and the subsequent spread of HIV/AIDS; we urge the United Nations to focus on protecting the rights and safety of the people who are threatened by LGBT-identified individuals.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Estonia
Delegate Name: Zachary Palmer
School: Flint Southwestern Classical Academy

In 2011, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights published a report, as requested by the Human Rights Council, detailing the treatment of LGBT people internationally, and what role international policy making might play in ending violence against LGBT people, as well as stopping other violations of their human rights.

Estonia is known to be the first former Soviet Union nation to legalize Gay Marriage. After President Putin banned what he called "gay propaganda". Homophobia was running rapid as time rolled by. But in a close result reflecting the split in society, parliamentarians voted 40 to 38 in favor of the new legislation, which will from 2016 give gay couples the same legal rights as married couples. So as a result love concurs all and we Estonians feel that it is fair to make our people happy at all costs. But we will still have problems in the future.

We know that by giving LGBT people the right to marry that we are stepping on the toes of some Estonians. We don’t want to do that but if that is what it takes to give people happiness and peace then we feel compelled to help.

Estonian believes that not helping the people of LBGT origin that we would be infringing on their national suvintry as natives of Estonia. Also, we believe that other countries should consider in giving LGBT people there right to happiness like everyone else. We believe that other countries have an obligation to aide to all people.

Finally, we Estonia feel that it is beneficial for other countries to help the LGBT people. If we help one small group we can help other smaller groups of people who just want to happy.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: France
Delegate Name: Zaid Haque
School: Saginaw Arts and Sciences Academy

France has been seen as traditionally liberal and one of the most advanced countries in Europe and worldwide regarding LGBT rights. Previously, people who were LGBT were often persecuted or banished from the country. After 1791, France allowed people to be a part of the LGBT community. This occurred during the midst of the French revolution. In 1810, the Penal Code was established so homosexual people could meet and become couples. Same-sex couples can join Civil Solidarity Pacts (PACS) to gain legal protections, rights, and responsibilities of marriage. In 2011, the National Assembly of France legalized same-sex marriage and both joint and step adoption. In 1985, legislations were enacted to prohibit discrimination in the employment for same-sex people. These national policies could be applied globally so that all countries can agree on international law for LGBT. As of now, there are no international laws regarding LGBT. National laws that have been set by France can be applied here because other countries could consider using them in their own legal systems. Nations should protect those who are a part of LGBT. Members of the LGBT community should be treated like any other citizen of a country and have equal rights. Countries should strive to counteract hate crimes, discrimination, or any other kinds of disturbance that would affect people of the LGBT community. People who are a part of LGBT are the same as any other human being. They just have different prefrences when it comes to their partner.France is willing to work with other countries by helping to support LGBT.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Germany
Delegate Name: Ryley Olson
School: Forest Hills Central High School

In Germany, civil unions for same-sex couples are legal. These civil unions are functionally almost identical to those of a marriage. Those in civil partnerships are given many of the same benefits as those in marriages; However, same-sex couples still may not adopt children. Chancellor Angela Merkel is not for allowing same-sex marriages, but endorses the equality of all. “The chancellor is pleased about [dismantling discrimination]… but same-sex marriages are not a goal of this government." said a spokesman for Merkel. 75% of Germans support LGBT rights, and that is not reflected as well as it could be in the government.

In Germany, there is a legally recognized third option on birth certificates for interest children, or children born with indeterminate genitalia. This is very important, because it no longer forces parents to make the decision on their child's gender in one week, and have their child undergo surgery. This option is not permanent, and it is expected for the child to eventually pick the gender they will be legally recognized as. If one’s gender does not align with the birth-assigned gender, they may legally change their name and/or gender. It is unlawful for employers to force prospective or current employees to divulge their birth names or gender assignment. Germany has many legal benefits for LGBT people, but is still behind in a few of its policies, like marriage.

On an international scale, it is important for same-sex life partners to be recognized legally the same or at least similarly to heterosexual life partners. It is imperative that transgender people be allowed to live their life as the gender they identify with, and that must be legally recognized. LGBT people deserve the same rights as straight and cisgender people do; there must be equity between all people.

Nations have an obligation to protect their people, and included in that obligation is the protection of LGBT people’s rights. Because these people are already discriminated against on a social level, it must be up to governments not to condemn them for their existence. LGBT people must be allowed to spend their lives with who they love, and have their partnerships legally recognized. The right for transgender people to live as the gender they identify with, not their assigned gender, must also be protected.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Greece
Delegate Name: Kory Hamblin
School: Roeper School

Greece is very excited to participate in this United Nations Human Rights Council discussion on the rights of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community. Policies and laws regarding discrimination against the LGBT community have become more and more pressing in recent years, not only for Greece, but in nations all over the world.

Currently in Greece, Homosexual activity in general is legalized. However same sex marriage is unrecognized by the law, and only opposite sex marriage is officially recognized. LGBT discrimination is illegal in some contexts however it is not illegal if it is done within the public domain. For example the Orthodox Church could discriminate against someone who was a part of the LGBT community. The Republic of Greece would like to work with other nations toward the recognition and the legalization of same sex marriage. Greece accepts that an increase in openness to the LGBT community is an important aspect in respect of human rights. Greece would like to improve its relationship with the transgender community as well. In the past, the relationship between Greece and transgender community has been difficult and needs to be better. Greece and other nations need to clarify their laws on changing the legal definition of gender of anyone who chooses to do so, and to make sure that option is open to all. Greece believes there must recognition of the legal age of consent for homosexual people and for heterosexual people. Greece seeks to work with nations within the Human Rights Council to improve the status of the LGBT community worldwide.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Guatemala
Delegate Name: Matthew Hennessy
School: Kalamazoo Central High School

Many nations worldwide believe that they are able to control the affairs of sovereign nations. However, Guatemala would like to directly challenge this blatant disregard for nation sovereignty. Guatemala would like to challenge the belief that every nation must require protection for homosexuals within its borders. In the nation of Guatemala, most believe that homosexuality is, in its most basic form, a sin and an utter abomination.

Despite the nation of Guatemala's open dislike of the LGBT community, and those who are member of it, we have had an active homosexual community since 1971. My nation has no basic laws regarding homosexuals in employment fields, protection from discrimination and the ability to adopt children. Our nation also does not allows same-sex marriage and will not recognize same-sex couples. My nation's justification of these actions is simple, homosexuality is an abomination and akin to spitting in the face of the Almighty God. My nation would like to prevent laws that impede on our national sovereignty by forcing us to adopt a set of basic rights for LGBT members of our nation.

Guatemala would like to achieve a resolution that does not impede on their ability to create laws as a nation. A resolution that leaves nations to their own well being and does not attempt to control fellow nations. This resolution must not attempt to control other nations but rather leave nations to their own free will regarding the creation of laws that either criminalize or decriminalize LGBT people within each sovereign nation's borders.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: India
Delegate Name: Brielle Ashford
School: Roeper School

It is with great pleasure that India is present to deliberate over the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) citizens. India recognizes basic human rights as being paramount, and strongly supports the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; guaranteeing the right to life, liberty and the security of a person.

However, India feels these rights can be subjective when applied to those committing criminalized actions; a category that those persons classified a LGBT would indisputably fall into as defined by Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code. The section reads: “377. Unnatural offences – Whoever voluntarily has carnal intercourse against the order of nature with any man, woman or animal, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.”

As the Penal Code states, India is unable to afford these peoples the same treatment as upstanding citizens. India demands that national sovereignty be a foundation for discourse, and that whatever may be ascertained by other nations must not infringe on the sovereignty of the state at hand. Given these beliefs, India feels that the rights allocated for LGBT persons at large is a non-issue, and must not be infringed on opposing states.

However, India feels that those identifying as transgender are in a more distinctive position that demands the attention of the global community. India affirms that it is the right of every person to choose their gender, and that their gender of choice shall be legally recognized upon the commencement of a sex reassignment surgery and protected on the basis of the constitution.

India urges all nations to truly view the topic of LGBT Rights as a multifaceted issue that every nation must define for the good of their own citizens with regard to cultural, political and religious climate.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Indonesia
Delegate Name: Carson Henley
School: Fishers High School

The LGBT community has seen great strides in recognition and visibility in the past fifty years in Indonesia. Media has been an instrumental part of this process, particularly with its coverage of HIV and AIDS in the eighties and nineties. This coverage raised awareness specifically for gay men and transgender women. Respectively, lesbians and transgender men have benefitted from the backing of many feminist groups. This increase in visibility has raised questions about the rights of LGBT citizens of the Republic of Indonesia.

Indonesia is a country heavily comprised of Muslims who prefer to interpret Islam conservatively. Most conservative interpretations of Islam do not allow for homosexuality or sex changes, meaning the majority of the population does not support recognition of same-sex couples or gender identities different than those assigned at birth. Consequently, same-sex marriage is not recognized, though same-sex couples may live together without the benefits allowed to heterosexual couples. There are recent interpretations of Islam and Christianity that do not look down on LGBT people and practices, but these are only recognized by the progressive population. The philosophy of LGBT activists is to work around society rather than radically changing it.

The Republic of Indonesia is a highly religious state, with a conservative interpretation of Islam being the most widespread faith. It is because of this that the province of Aceh has been allowed to create bylaws based in the Sharia faith.

At this time, Indonesia is not prepared to consent to any resolutions that conflict with the widespread interpretation of Islamic law. This includes but is not limited to any resolution that would mandate the legalization of same-sex marriage, infringing not only upon national sovereignty, but the religious freedom of the citizens of Indonesia.

In regards to moving forward, the Republic of Indonesia is prepared to sign any resolution protecting the safety and well-being of LGBT citizens. This is of the utmost importance for fostering unity and harmony among Indonesians. The Republic of Indonesia is of the belief that drafting of legislation and creation of enforcement programs to ensure the safety of LGBT persons should be the priority of the Human Rights Council with respect to all LGBT issues. Article Three of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, “Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person,” is perhaps the most basic human right. When it is compromised, every other right is inevitably compromised with it. Consequently, the protection of this right should take precedence.

Indonesia would like to take action first by drafting a resolution to ensure the safety of LGBT persons around the world. Secondly, the Republic of Indonesia would like to see an initiative and funding for enforcement programs that would work to ensure that the resolution is upheld and the safety of LGBT citizens is not compromised due to one’s residence in a country where corruption exists in law enforcement. By providing funding for alternate enforcement programs, Indonesia believes that the negative effects of law enforcement’s corruption or lack of enforcement may be circumvented. The ultimate hope of Indonesia is that the enforcement of legislation protecting LGBT persons will not only protect these persons, but foster a sense of harmony.

Sources Cited

Being LGBT in Asia: Indonesia Country Report (2014): 1-28. United Nations Development Programme. Web. 25 Oct. 2015.

"Indonesia." Central Intelligence Agency. Central Intelligence Agency, n.d. Web. 25 Oct. 2015.

"Indonesia: 'Suspected Lesbians' Detained." Human Rights Watch. Human Rights Watch, 02 Oct. 2015. Web. 27 Oct. 2015.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Italy
Delegate Name: Adrienne Parks
School: Royal Oak High School

Italy has recognized LGBT community since 1890. We ban employment discrimination in the work place due to sexual orientation. We do not recognize gay marriage and we do not recognize gay marriage that was performed in other nations. We will not make laws that refuse people the right to speak out on the topic. We won’t take away our peoples freedom of speech. In Italy family is defined as “a natural society founded on matrimony” also in article 29 of our constitution it is stated that, “Marriage is based on the moral and legal equality of the spouses…” Gay marriage is not considered to be moral in our society.

The Catholic Church and the Vatican have an influence in Italian politics. As I am sure it is well aware, the Catholic Church does not concur with being with someone that is the same gender as you.

Italy thinks that the major problem with the rights of the LGBT community is that giving them rights is being forced upon nations. In the Oliari and Others v. Italy case, it was ruled that Italy is obligated to legally recognize and protect same-sex unions. This ruling was done in the European Court of Human Rights. Should a court outside of Italy be able to produce a ruling like this? Italy firmly believes that every nation should be able to create their own policies and laws based on those nations’ beliefs. Outside sources should be just that, outside.

There are many more parts of LGBT rights that need to be addressed. This is a very challenging topic with many different sides and views. I am looking forward to coming up with a resolution that can help everyone.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Japan
Delegate Name: Olivia Spagnuolo
School: East Grand Rapids High School

Across the world, LGBT people are being discriminated against. Many of them face violence, inequality, torture, and sometimes even execution just because of who they are. Although Japan’s government has not made any decisions involving LGBT people, and their right to marry, we are not completely against it, either, and believe that all people should be treated equally.

Japan is generally against the discrimination of LGBT people, and there are multiple groups of people advocating for LGBT rights. Many think the US supreme court decision of allowing LGBT marriage will encourage Japan to do the same, because Japan has such close ties with the US. It is likely that we will eventually make laws regarding the rights of LGBT people, but as of now, we have not specified their rights or allowed same-sex marriage.

The United Nations has acknowledged that LGBT people are treated unequally in many countries, and in 1948, they decided that the freedom to marry was a fundamental right given to all people. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states in article 16, “Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution” (UDHR). In the future, the United Nations could specify the rights LGBT people deserve, instead of making a general statement that we assume to apply to all people.

LGBT rights should be protected in all countries, but Japan will not push the allowance of same sex marriage. We are against unequal treatment of LGBT people and are hoping to create a resolution that guarantees basic LGBT rights, and ensures they are not subject to discrimination.

Works Cited

Chauncey, George. "The Long Road to Marriage Equality." New York Times 27 June 2013:

A31(L). Global Issues In Context. Web. 8 Nov. 2015.

"Japanese gay rights activists, academics say U.S. marriage ruling may help their cause." Japan

Times [Tokyo, Japan] 30 June 2015. Global Issues In Context. Web. 9 Nov. 2015.

"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights | United Nations." UN News Center. UN. Web. 9

Nov. 2015.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Jordan
Delegate Name: Kiara Atkins
School: Roeper School

Jordan is extremely pleased with the prospect of meeting together with members of the Human Rights Council to discuss the rights of LGBT individuals. Jordan has been, is, and always will be a strong supporter of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and is dedicated to protecting the personal liberties of all of its citizens. We are deeply saddened by the violence faced by many LGBT people across the world, even at the hands of their families and loved ones. As of 2013, honor killings were made illegal under the Jordanian Penal Code, meaning that LGBT people can no longer be killed in our nation by their family members for bringing them dishonor.

While Jordan does believe that homosexuals and transgender individuals have the right to go about their lives unmolested, we also believe that each nation is entitled to its own culture and beliefs with regard to the morality of such lifestyles. While provisions should be made to guarantee safety to LGBT individuals, trying to afford them rights beyond those already granted to them in Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights runs the risk of overstepping the bounds of national sovereignty. The preservation of the rights of individuals must always be paramount for the United Nations as an organization.

Special care must be taken, especially with an issue as culturally charged as this one, to allow every nation to maintain their values. It is very important to Jordan that we together strike the balance between guaranteeing the rights of individuals and respecting the culture and rights of nations. Jordan seeks to work with all nations to find a balance that protects the necessary human rights of LGBT individuals while protecting cultures of member nations and respecting national sovereignty.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Kazakhstan
Delegate Name: Emma Dorman
School: Mattawan High School

The number of members in the LGBT community fluctuates from country to country based upon religion, culture and acceptance. However, with the members of the LGBT community representing a portion of the world it is important that this community is represented properly, and acknowledged globally. Protests for rights and general protection are increasing and action needs to be taken on a global scale. While in the case of Kazakhstan protests are not happening for fear of violence or being criminalized for protesting. This is part of the problem in Kazakhstan that needs a solution.

Kazakhstan’s policy on the LGBT community is that it is tolerated and legal, but it's not necessarily accepted. In 1998 Kazakhstan officially recognized the LGBT community by no longer criminalizing homosexuality. However,currently Kazakhstan does not recognize same sex couples or marriages. It does not protect LGBT people specifically from discrimination and Kazakhstan does not allow LGBT people to openly serve in the military. Recently Kazakhstan’s LGBT propaganda bill did not pass. This bill was similar to a one debated in Russia. This bill would of made it possible to ban the sharing of information about same sex relations. This bill would of also be in opposition to parts to the Kazakhstan constitution. The constitution states, “No one shall be subject to discrimination for reason of… sex… or any other circumstance.” Kazakhstan simply just does not wish to grant LGBT citizens advantages over same sex couples, for example, forcefully changing the public’s view.

Kazakhstan is open for a solution that looks favorable upon all nations needs and wants and looks forward to discussing a resolution that respects all countries views and beliefs.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Lithuania
Delegate Name: Ana Muradás Lorenzo
School: Instituto Educativo Olinca

"All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood."

-United Nations, Charter, 1945

Homosexuality was decriminalized in Lithuania in 1993. The same year Lithuanian Gay League was established and became member of the International Lesbian and Gay Association (ILGA) in 1994. When Lithuania became part of the European Union in 2004 the main legislative acts of the EC in the sphere of anti-discrimination were implemented.

In 2003 the Law on Equal Treatment was adopted, and includes sexual orientation as one of the grounds of prohibited discrimination. The law prohibits discrimination in employment, education and access to goods and services. But gender identity and marriage for same-sex couples is not recognized in Lithuanian law.

In 2010 the first Pride took place in Lithuania. This permitted LGBT community in the country to exercise their right of freedom of assembly, as well as making LGBT community visible in media and society. Some Lithuanian politicians have said they support LGBT rights.

In regards to moving forward, the Republic of Lithuania is ready to assume the solutions that protect LGBT rights. The country is not willing to agree anything that put in some risk the integrity of LGBT community, in behalf of all Lithuanian citizens.

"Human rights are not worthy of the name if they do not protect the people we don't like as well as those we do".

-Trevor Phillips

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Nepal
Delegate Name: Emily Zheutlin
School: Forest Hills Eastern High School

The Human Rights Council is a representation of the fundamental rights for humans throughout the world. This is an important topic to address because of the rising issues of LGBT communities and their acceptance. The LGBT community needs this issue to arise to create a concrete protective policy for LGBT communities around the nation, just as Nepal has established. Nepal cares about the LGBT community because as part of the leading nations actively addressing LGBT rights, Nepal encourages the equality for LGBT communities around its own nation. Nepal believes in the equality of LGBT communities because as a part of the Human Rights council, the representation of human rights aligns with the necessity for equal rights for LGBT people. Nepal has passed legislation contained in their constitution that eliminates discriminatory laws and constitutes the acceptance of LGBT community members. Nepal has had meriting protection for LGBT Rights since 2007, when the Supreme Court ruled to protect LGBT rights.

Nepal is one of the leading nations around the global, actively promoting the study of same-sex marriage and the elimination of discriminatory laws in areas that are not accepting of LGBT people. Nepal has the protection of LGBT rights in the Nepali constitution. Nepal implemented the third gender identity-based category for people who do not identify themselves as male or female. Nepal strongly believes that people who wish to not associate with the gender assigned at birth or do not assert themself in a category of male or female should be provided a third option; the “E”- on a passport signifies third-gender option.

Nepal would like to address the LGBT issue by enforcing the acceptance and legalization of LGBT rights throughout the international community. Nepal desires to be a role model for other nations to follow in agreeance with the acceptance of LGBT members. Nepal, as an active participant in the promotion of LGBT rights, works toward the international acceptance and legalization of LGBT rights.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: New Zealand
Delegate Name: Lois Biggs
School: Forest Hills Eastern High School

The 21st century has brought heightened global awareness and acceptance of the LGBT community. However, oppression remains, in forms ranging from social discrimination to assault, torture, and murder. Due to lack of data collection and fear of reporting incidents to anti-LGBT authorities, crimes against LGBT people often go undocumented. However, a May 2015 UN report provides a few alarming statistics: between January 2013 and March 2014, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights reported 594 hate-related killings of LGBT persons in the Americas, and between 2008 and 2014, there were 1,612 murders of transgender individuals across 62 countries. Some violations of LGBT rights, like hate crimes and health care denial, are de facto, but some are de jure—in twelve countries, homosexuality can be punishable by death, and in 66 countries, homosexual acts are illegal. In light of these human rights violations, it’s urgent that global LGBT issues are addressed. But the question arises: what, if any, role should international government play in upholding these rights? The people of New Zealand believe that LGBT rights should be protected globally, and that the UN should address the human rights violations this community faces.

Beginning with the Homosexual Reform Act of 1986, continuing with the protection of LGBT people under the Human Rights Act of 1993, and leading to the legalization of gay marriage in 2013, we’ve taken steps to uphold LGBT rights in New Zealand. Our efforts have paid off. New Zealand is ranked first in the LGBT Military Index, which measures inclusion of LGBT people in armed forces, and is known as one of the world’s most LGBT-friendly countries. Throughout these reforms, we’ve encountered religious and cultural opposition, and resolved it with debate and compromise. New Zealand is also vocal about LGBT rights in the United Nations. In 2005, we made a statement on sexual orientation and human rights, which was supported by 32 states. And in 2014, New Zealand co-sponsored a landmark HRC resolution to combat violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity.

Due to large-scale human rights violations the LGBT community faces worldwide, international action is a necessity. While some strides towards LGBT equality must be made in courtrooms and council chambers, New Zealand aims to focus efforts on changing social attitudes, too. Harassment and de facto discrimination still affect New Zealand’s LGBT community, and we’ve responded to public concerns with effective research projects and public education campaigns. In 2006, after complaints of discrimination from the transgender community, New Zealand’s Human Rights Commission began an investigation into transgender rights, culminating in the 2008 report “To Be Who I Am.” This report, released publicly, focused on health care access, everyday social interactions, and community participation among transgender individuals. Similarly, in June 2015, after a New Zealand group reported to the UN that LGBT rights in New Zealand weren’t fully realized, members of our parliament responded by creating an initiative to advocate for lesbian, bisexual, gay, transgender, and intersex rights. This initiative seeks to provide “education, leadership, and legislative progress.” New Zealand believes strongly in responding to the voices of marginalized communities. Our efforts aim to put a human face on a wider problem, and are an effective strategy for addressing LGBT rights with the public. Large-scale research and public education campaigns amplify the voices of the LGBT community, and can help the UN and related NGOs develop policy that will secure their just treatment.

Upon her inauguration to New Zealand’s parliament, Georgina Beyer, the world’s first transgender MP, stated that “We have led the way in the past, and I hope we will do so again in the future in social policy and certainly in human rights.” Today, as nations work to discuss LGBT rights and implement related policy on a global scale, New Zealand plans to put human rights first, paving the way for reform. We know that LGBT people worldwide face unjust violence and discrimination, and believe that the UN should play a role in recognizing and upholding their rights both through legal process and public education. New Zealand’s objective is to ensure that LGBT people worldwide can live openly and without fear. Actions taken, solutions identified, and resolutions passed in this committee will change policy and lives.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Nigeria
Delegate Name: Maegan Gibbons
School: Grand Rapids City High School

The Federal Republic of Nigeria firmly believes that there is an obligation to protect the rights of the LGBT community. Nigeria’s populace seeks just and moral laws, and therefore it is in the best interest of Nigeria to keep these religious groups content. In keeping with the wishes of the Nigerian people, the Federal Republic of Nigeria has enacted no laws that protect the LGBT community from discrimination, and homosexual activities are illegal. However, all citizens are guaranteed equal rights under the Constitution of 1999. Nigeria also has many human rights organizations to help enforce rights among citizens, such as the Human Rights Commission, Constitutional Rights Project, Nigerian Center for Human Rights and Development, Human Rights Monitor, Human Rights Law Services, and the Youths For Human Rights Protection and Transparency Initiative. Nigeria has its own right to act with national sovereignty. According to the NASW code of ethics, "the primary mission of the social work profession is to enhance human well-being and help meet the basic human needs of all people, with particular attention to the needs and empowerment of people who are vulnerable, oppressed, and living in poverty." Legislation cannot change culture and therefore should not be put upon countries. Throughout history, legislation on cultural beliefs has led to backlash and discontent. Nations do not have an obligation to protect special, artificial, godless rights of the LGBT community because to the culture and traditions of Nigeria’s people there is no obligation. The policies of LGBT rights in Nigeria follow the traditions and culture of Nigeria’s people, so if there were legislation it would cause uprisings. Legislation cannot change culture.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Pakistan
Delegate Name: Natalie Gilbert
School: Grand Rapids City High School

Pakistani officials and members of the Islamic Republic all agree based on religious obligations set out in the Qur’an and otherwise that LGBT rights should under all circumstances be denied and that engaging in homosexual activity is not only outlawed by the state but their God above all. Within the constitution of Pakistan it states nothing referring to LGBT rights, but the many ideologies of Pakistan conflict with the rights of LGBT citizens, so naturally it is outlawed. There are however some political groups within Pakistan that support LGBT rights, but the rarely fully support it in a political sense for fear of radical religious parties.

An additional reason for Pakistan's strict ban on LGBT rights dates back to the ownership of the land by British parties/ The British often provided anti-LGBT propaganda, which is still very evident today even though the British Colonies have dispersed. Transsexuals in Pakistan are often bullied and have in some cases been murdered for their sexuality.

Pakistan recognizes that people LGBT background should not be allowed the same rights as other citizens and should be punished for this sinful nature.

Pakistan also recognizes that in accordance with Quran, as a primarily Islamic nation that these rights must be denied to maintain the sanctity of their religion and to protect their individual ideals.

LGBT citizens will face ridicule and in Pakistan homosexual relationships are criminalized which can result in an array of punishments from imprisonment of two-ten years. These punishments as stated before can range in number depending on the crime, but in Pakistan officials are finding it increasingly harder to imprison these citizens so in around half the cases found the state will not enforce the imprisonment. This in no way means that Pakistan allows homosexual or Tran-sexual behaviors, but with constant overthrow of rulers by military dictatorships it has proven difficult to enforce these laws. Nonetheless Pakistan is understanding of other cultures and their right to allow LGBT rights, but they in no way endorse them for their country.

Pakistan primary reasons for not endorsing LGBT rights are their religious beliefs, and their decriminalization of homosexual behaviors. In the Quran it states that homosexuals are often considered cursed, so these acts are considered prohibited or forbidden. Under Pakistan's Penal Code which is primarily made up of remnants of English law established by British colonies and Islamic Religious beliefs states that Homosexual acts can be punished based on a judges discernment of the crime. This means that if a judge finds it necessary to inflict torture or fines on a citizen, they can do so without second thought.

Another aspect of LGBT rights I would like to elaborate on is the practice of Hijras commonly Known as in Pakistan: Third gender or Trans-sexual's or members with Gender Dysphoria. Within the last years through avocation of rights for Tran-Sexual citizens, Pakistan has now amended that these people can now be called Third gender instead of having to conform to either male or female standards. They are also currently working on an act that will make educators have to inform their students about Tran-sexual's within their country. Overall we believe that if an international policy would be implemented to improve LGBT rights or ensure the marriage of these citizens it would not only encroach on our governmental sovereignty, but also impede on our well-established ideals.

If a bill were approved to help strengthen the rights of these citizens we would regrettably have to vote against it.

As far as nations having an obligation to protect its LGBT citizens: We believe that as a countries we should have an individual right to decide what is best in our own land, so because we do not endorse these rights they should not be inflicted upon us. And therefore we will not inflict any of these laws on others we will only try to persuade you based on religious beliefs and otherwise. We also believe that as said before hand the scope of the rights a society gets should be based on that society, but if we were to create an international policy we believe it should be along the lines of no unnecessary cruelty towards LGBT citizens.

آپ کا شکریہ.

Thank You,

.

Countries with similar Laws are as follows: Algeria,Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Morocco, Nigeria, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Swaziland, Togo, Zambia, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Brunei, Iran, Bhutan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Malaysia, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Yemen etc.

Sources Cited:

Presse, Agence F. "Pakistan Gay Rights." The Huffington Post. The Huffington Post, 26 Nov. 2013. Google. Web. 7 Nov. 2015. <http://www.huffingtonpost.com/news/pakistan-gay-rights/>.

Floramo, Vincenzo. "Pakistani LGBT community's fight for rights." Aljazeera. N.p., 2 Feb. 2015. Web. 7 Nov. 2015. <http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/inpictures/2015/01/pakistani-lgbt-community-fight-rights-150121114323286.html>.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Palestine
Delegate Name: Ashley Zhang
School: Forest Hills Eastern High School

Issues concerning Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender identities are controversial topics in regards to human rights. Countries such as Canada recognize LGBT rights as important due to the fact that homosexuals are still humans and still have natural rights. They allow same-sex marriage, adoption, and around 80% of Canadians surveyed have believed that homosexuality should be accepted in society. Whereas 93% of people surveyed in Palestine believe that homosexuality is unimportant because it conflicts with religious and cultural beliefs. Is it natural to be interested in same-sex relations? Does the law truly protect such interests? Does the law come before God? Issues with LGBT rights has caused endless arguments, and the world has yet to reach an agreement on the stance of homosexuality.

Palestine does not have any formal laws that strictly prohibits same-sex relations, however, Palestine considers them to be unacceptable in social and cultural perspectives. Acceptance of LGBT rights are discouraged typically because they interfere with Palestine’s main religion. As a society belonging to Sunni Islam, Palestine believes that homosexuality goes against Islam’s sacred texts, for the Qur’an considers same-sex relationships as vile, and speaks of condemnation of practitioners under sura XXIX: 28-35. Therefore, LGBT rights is not considered in need of recognition or protection because it is morally wrong and impure, and practitioners have personally condemned themselves. According to the Palestinian National Authority, homosexuality can be punishable by imprisonment.

Palestine recommends that punishment of homosexual practices remain implemented in hopes of discouraging same-sex relationships and maintaining good morality and faith throughout the state. We are aware of the different stances many other nations take on this issue, but we believe that in order for the purity of humanity to continue to exist, LGBT rights should not be recognized. Palestine hope to work with Saudi Arabia on the disapproval of homosexuality, and hopes to discuss with the nations and come to an agreement on the rights to the LGBT community.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Panama
Delegate Name: Hannah Baird
School: Forest Hills Eastern High School

Since the turn of the 21st century, the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender, or LGBT, community has been gaining momentum and coverage regarding equal treatment and recognition of their sexuality under the law, but as coverage over this equality movement has increased, hate crimes and discrimination toward this community have also risen, comes increasing violent acts toward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender individuals. According to the 2013 ODIHR Hate Crime Report, sixteen states reported crimes targeted at LGBT while the other nations failed to report. While the number of hate crimes and amount of discrimination toward this group continue to rise, the topic of international policy regarding LGBT rights has spurred. Often, a country’s dominant culture and religion play part in the ratification of LGBT laws, as seen in Panama. With an 85% Roman Catholic population in our country, the fight for LGBT laws has met opposition with a national ban on same-sex marriage. As discrimination toward this specific minority continue, international policy is required to determine the rights and protections the LGBT community is entitled to.

Currently, Panama has instituted no policies warranting the specific protection of LGBT individuals; however, grassroots organizations within the country such as The Association of New Men and New Women are working to protect the basic human rights that have been stripped from the LGBT community on the basis of sexual orientation. Although national laws against homophobia do not yet exist, Panama sponsored the declaration in support of LGBT rights at the United Nations. If enacted, international policy regarding protection for LGBT individuals would clash with the current ban on same-sex marriage, but Panama’s willingness to accept a declaration in support of LGBT at the international level marks future acceptance and easier transition of national policy. Nations have the obligation to protect the rights of all people, especially those discriminated against in the minority and targeted with violence. The scope of rights that should be protected by nations is the same scope of rights afforded to all other individuals. These include the basic rights articulated in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights following World War Ⅱ including, but not limited to, the right to life, freedom of expression, and equality before the law.

Understanding that the granting of rights to the LGBT community is a controversial topic that varies depending on the country, Panama suggests that further study be done on the discrimination toward the LGBT community. Further study would yield a broader picture of the treatment of LGBT individuals while also determining if the LGBT community makes up a special class of citizens, and if so, what rights should be afforded to them.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Portugal
Delegate Name: Connor Miller
School: Mattawan High School

The Portuguese Republic acknowledges that lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals are the focus of a quickly growing number of social issues in every state. Communities of LGBT people are isolated from standard populations because few rights protect them from abuses by their government and fellow citizens. Often, full citizenship rights such as marriage, and voting, employment do not apply to LGBT individuals in several sovereign state because of local religion, pre-existing sexual norms, and institutional policies. These factors also contribute to further “hate crimes” in these areas, and few laws exist to protect LGBT people from them. Thus, the object of this committee in discussing LGBT rights is to determine an international standard for the treatment of LGBT people.

Individuals who identify as LGBT in Portugal are protected by the state as full citizens. Voting, joining the military, and immigration is allowed in the Portuguese Republic and must be permitted by all other sovereign states to preserve the most basic human rights and give LGBT people the self-autonomy and representation they deserve to live in their communities. States also should, like Portugal, ban discrimination against LGBT individuals and ensure that the job market fairly employs them. Furthermore, discrimination by states by restricting acts beneficial to communities like donating blood must end. The republics of France and Spain, along with several other European states share this view, and Portugal’s delegation will ally with these states to ensure that its views shall be enacted.

The Portuguese Republic asks that the Human Rights Committee take action to protect rights of LGBT individuals in every sovereign state. This committee must first recognize the rights of LGBT people as a top priority and establish that these individuals deserve rights to be equal human beings and citizens of a state. An ideal solution would ban discrimination by a state against LGBT populations and promote that hate crimes also be banned. This committee, furthermore, should seek to decriminalize the status of being LGBT and ensure that states grant suffrage and military membership rights to LGBT citizens. Accordingly, this would also require that states grant citizenship to all LGBT individuals in their borders. To keep relations secure and friendly between liberal states in favor of LGBT rights and more conservative states, this Human Rights Committee must slowly integrate these policies over a several-year timeframe, first by mandating that states identify LGBT people as belonging to a community deserving rights, then by criminalizing hate crimes by a government and its people, then by requiring that states grant minor (at the least) citizenship status, and lastly after a decade at most, by ensuring full citizenship rights like suffrage.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Russia
Delegate Name: Leah King
School: Royal Oak High School

With millions of LGBT people across the globe, protecting the rights of these individuals is of the utmost importance. The United Nations has continuously battled the mistreatment of members of the LGBT community, but violence and discrimination is still prominent. A 2011 report from the United Nations High Commissioner of Human rights explicitly states the need for member states to “the right to life, liberty, and security of person’s irrespective of sexual orientation or gender identity.” Unfortunately, the rights of many are still being violated despite several attempts to protect them. We are extremely excited to be working to make a better future for everyone in every nation.

There have been many campaigns for the United Nations to take action on issues regarding the rights of LGBT individuals, however many have proven ineffective and unable to influence every nation, due to the different cultures and situations around the world. Unfortunately, the awful treatment of this oppressed group continues, in appalling ignorance to the clear violation of human rights. Although many groups have advocated placing firmer regulations on the protection of the rights of LGBT people, we do not believe that is the best solution for us today. The Russian Federation believes that it is unreasonable for the committee to further state specific instructions on the protection of LGBT people, as the sovereignty of nations will be compromised and blanket regulations cannot adequately affect the population in every nation.

Currently in Russia, all of our citizens are protected under several human rights laws, and our government has an obligation to allow all to live free from violence and discrimination. We believe that all nations should hold this same responsibility to protect their people. Since the United Nation’s initial statement on this topic in 2008 stating “the principle of non-discrimination, which requires that human rights apply equally to every human being regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity,” and the 2011 report from the United Nations High Commissioner of Human Right, these have been countless discussions about this topic. However, as a need for citizen protection has already been stated in countless documents, we believe that any further specificity for LGBT people would be redundant and ineffective. In committee, the Russian Federation hopes to come up with an all-encompassing resolution, that will not limit sovereignty or create blanket regulations that will not translate to every nation in our incredibly diverse council.

LGBT rights are an extremely pressing issue that affects everyone, and we are determined to change the lives of the millions facing oppression. If we approach this topic with sovereignty and diversity in mind we will be able to create a solution that allows every nation to protect their citizens in a way that will work for everyone without any further redundancies that cheapen the severity of this issue. With a resolution that will be open for every country to protect their unique group of people, committee will be productive and we will help the lives of countless members of this community. We hope to continue to promote peace and protection for every citizen in our nation and spread this idea to others.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Serbia
Delegate Name: Nathan Atkins
School: Fishers High School

Serbia has had a history of struggles in regards to the rights and privileges given to the LGBT community. In 1994 we decriminalize homosexuality in Serbia, and since then we have been progressing. For instance, in 2002 we passed the Broadcasting Law which pushed to end the spread of discrimination, hate, and violence based on sexual orientation in the media. In 2005, we changed our Labour Law to ban employment discrimination based on sexual orientation. We also allow the legal union of same sex couples, ensuring them equal rights to those of different sex couples. In 2009, the Anti-Discrimination law was passed, finally making homosexuals entirely on par with heterosexuals and ending prejudice. With the progress we have made, we are sure that homosexuals now have the same rights as heterosexual couples and live well and peaceful lives without official intervention.

Although we have ensured the rights of LGBT citizens, we strongly believe that the sovereignty of a nation greatly overarches the issue. We believe it should be the nation’s decision as to what rights LGBT citizens should have and shouldn’t be pressured by outside forces to change their mindset. For example, we have strong diplomatic relations with the Russian Federation, but we shall not pressure them into allowing their LGBT citizens the same rights as heterosexuals. In the same sense, we wish other nations to keep to themselves and condemn nations who do not. For this reason, we find that this shouldn’t be a matter left to the United Nations, but instead a nation’s own matter.

We feel that the future holds well for homosexuals considering the progress countries like ourselves have made. It is evident that we have fixed the issues homosexuals face in Serbia and find that continuing to write legislature on the matter is entirely unnecessary. Our homosexual citizens live the best lives they can as we ensure that they should have an uninterrupted future without official restrictions like the rest of our citizens. On the same note, we also ensure that free speech in regards to the rest of our community is still very dominant and should never be restrained, allowing anyone to protest for or against the matter of homosexuality. Our government was put into place to protect the people, and censoring speech would be unethical and prevent progress.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Slovakia
Delegate Name: Keilyn Broussard
School: Grand Blanc High School

Slovakia recognizes that the rights of LGBT people is currently a controversial and hot-topic issue. Slovakia believes in the equality of all people, but will not allow its core beliefs to be compromised for the sake of "marriage equality." As a Roman Catholic country, Slovakia will allow and accept these LGBT people and treat them with humanity, but Slovakia will not allow the Biblical sanctity of marriage to be corrupted by homosexuality. Otherwise, LGBT people are allowed to partake in intercourse, change genders, serve in the army, and adopt–as long as the LGBT parent is single.

Slovakia understands that some of its ideas and laws might not be completely in-line with the consensus of the UN, and Slovakia believes that it is okay to disagree on this particular subject. However, we must realize that the most important aspect of this situation is that LGBT people must be safe to live in their home countries. Simply because people choose to identify with an abnormal sexuality does not mean they are no longer human. All countries should strive to end the abuse of LGBT people before attempting to change the concept of marriage. If common standards of humanity are not met in certain countries, then Slovakia believes that the UN has a right to intervene.

The Anti-Discrimination Act has been in place in Slovakia since 2004. In 2008, it was broadened to include people of differing sexual orientations in the stand against employment, education, housing, and social care discrimination. Homophobia is also recognized in Slovakia, as well as the hate crimes that come with it. Slovakia might not recognize homosexual marriage, but intolerance is not permitted.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: South Africa
Delegate Name: Zoe VanSlooten
School: Forest Hills Eastern High School

South Africa admittedly has a history of discriminatory legal policy against certain populations, including the Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual/Trans community. With the ending of apartheid in the early 1990’s, however, South Africa enacted liberal legal policy surrounding LGBT rights.

On April 27th, 1994, the ruling to legalize homosexual activity in South Africa was ordered to be retroactively applied, and it was officially applied on October 7, 1998. Since the initial decision in 1994, other rights of LGBT citizens have been protected. Discrimination of any kind, but specifically in housing and employment, was made illegal in 1996, followed by the right to serve openly in the military later that year. In 2004, transgender citizens were given the right to a legal gender change. In 2006, South Africa became the only African nation to legalize same-sex marriage, and finally in 2010 same-sex couples were given the right to adopt children.

The national rights and protections we have in place for LGBT citizens should be implemented as international policy. As virtually every country claims to be concerned about the well being of its citizens, they must actively support this statement by enacting policies to protect their citizens’ rights and defend their safety.

Citizens of nations around the world should be protected despite their sexuality or gender identification. In order to do so, South Africa encourages nations to protect the rights of their LGBT citizens and advocates for international policy on the subject to be put in place.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: South Korea
Delegate Name: Miriam Attal
School: Forest Hills Eastern High School

As the attention to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights grows globally, increasing controversy over the rights of LGBT individuals appears in the political sphere. The LGBT community faces discrimination on multiple levels, from rights in the military to the ability of adopting a child. The most prominent debate involves the line between basic human rights clashing with cultural and religious values–can international law infringe on the cultural views of a nation? After over a decade of debate, the United Nations took action with its first report, released December 2011, on sexual orientation and gender identity in regards to human rights; this report lead to the first intergovernmental debate on the topic, in March of 2012. The second report, issued by the UN High Commissioner of Human Rights in June of 2015, lists the adversity faced by the LGBT community, introduces laws that will lead to equality and improve the conditions for those in the LGBT community, and provides recommendations to further ameliorate their situation. An alternative statement claiming that the 2011 declaration undermined international human rights gained significant support. First and foremost, the decision of whether human rights should be left to the State or to international policy must be addressed. Additionally, what, if any, measures can be enacted to ensure nations enforce protective legislations for the LGBT community must be answered.

Due to the relativeness newness of LGBT human rights awareness, the Republic of Korea faces many challenges in securing equal rights and protections for LGBT people. Culturally, the majority of the population lacks exposure to this rising debate, yet due to grassroot organizations promoting equal rights and support for members of the LGBT community, opposition has decreased by 20% in less than a decade, while the majority of the youth offer positive views on homosexuality. On a national level, organizations such as the Korean Sexual Minority Culture and Rights Center, and the Lesbian and Gay Alliance Against Discrimination in Korea have taken root. In 2007, the The National Human Rights Commission of the Republic of Korea introduced the Anti-discrimination Act, which prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation. One of the most prominent political parties, the Democratic Labor Party, strongly campaigns against discrimination of LGBT individuals, including legalization of same-sex marriages. In the United Nations, the Republic of Korea has sponsored the 2011 declaration and supported the request to study the challenges faced by LGBT people worldwide. While the Republic of Korea still has steps to take in order to ensure equality for all individuals regardless of sexual orientation or identity, Korea is an example of the progress made in the limited time this issue has been prevalent in international debate. The Republic of Korea believes all people have the right to fundamental, equal rights and all steps necessary should be taken to secure this reality.

The international community must recognize that humans have the right to equal treatment in and outside of the law. In order to safeguard the rights of LGBT people, the recommendations from the Discrimination and Violence against Individuals Based on their Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity report should be referenced and put into action by individual nations. Nations must install gender and anti-sexuality sensitivity training, as well as launch anti-bullying programmes and LGBT awareness programs for the youth.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Spain
Delegate Name: Mason Adler
School: Vicksburg High School

Spain has very liberal views in regards to LGBT rights. In many polls Spain ranks high, if not the highest, in terms of friendliness towards the gay population. The LGBT population in Spain has nearly equal rights, however at this point in time employers have the ability not to hire people based on their sexual orientation. Spain is one of the most accepting countries in regards to equal status for the LGBT community. Spain’s liberal views are especially noteworthy due to their status as a widely Catholic nation. Spain is alarmed by the lack of worldwide acceptance towards gay rights and actively supports their plight for worldwide acceptance. Spain is unfortunately in the minority in the European Union, with only 10 out of 28 states accepting same-sex marriage, only 16 out of 28 states accepting civil union for homosexual couples, and no recognition for homosexual couples in 9 out of 28 states. Joint adoption is only legalized in 11 states and stepchild adoption is only legal in 16. Homosexual marriages and civil unions are not acknowledged across state lines. However, homosexual activity is not illegal in any European Union state and discrimination is all but nonexistent. All European Union states allow service in the military excluding Cyrpus. The transgender population is worse off, however, facing not only unequal rights but also discrimination in everyday life. However, the more liberal member states of the European Union are striving to promote the rights of LGBT community. In spite of Spain’s highly accepting policies Spain chooses not to entangle themselves in the legal situation and rather gives moral support to their cause.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Sweden
Delegate Name: Colleen Hillard
School: Forest Hills Central High School

International focus on the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people has increased in the last couple of decades, and even more so in the past few years. Some countries have been slow to increase the rights afforded to LGBT persons, and others are making the lives of LGBT increasingly dangerous. Sweden, however, has been and still is at the forefront of the LGBT rights movement. In 1972, we became the first country in the world to offer gender-reassignment treatment. Homosexual relationships amongst adults have been decriminalized since 1944. Same-sex marriage is also legal in Sweden.

Still, in many countries, LGBT people not only do not enjoy the same rights as their heterosexual counterparts, but they are jailed or even put to death over something they cannot control. In 2008, Sweden led a resolution to condemn summary executions, including on the grounds of homosexuality; the Organization of the Islamic Conference attempted to delete the phrase “sexual orientation” from the resolution, as one of the included grounds. In over seventy countries, homosexuality is illegal; in at least five, it is punishable by death.

Sweden believes that more can be done to assure the rights of LGBT people in these countries, such as a possible supplement or reinforcement of the aforementioned 2008 resolution, since it has not yet succeeded in ending summary executions under those grounds. Yet whatever it is, we hope that the resolution on this topic will assure basic human rights to LGBT people, or at the very least lessen the discrimination and danger (including death) faced by LGBT people in countries where they are not assured rights.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Switzerland
Delegate Name: Salonee Marwaha
School: Forest Hills Northern High School

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) rights is a highly controversial topic. At the heart, it is an issue of conservative beliefs versus liberal beliefs. Progressing through time, we have seen more tolerance and acceptance towards the subject. However, not everyone is supportive. Acts of hatred are committed to this group on a daily basis, making it hard for LGBT people to live their everyday lives.

In Switzerland, there is a high priority for human rights. The general public is mostly tolerant of LGBT people, although public opinion always changes slower than the laws and varies from person to person. There is no law allowing discrimination of LGBT people. However, there is also no law prohibiting discrimination of LGBT people. They are mainly protected by Article 8 in the Swiss Constitution, Equality before the Law, which reads, "No person may be discriminated against, in particular on grounds of origin, race, gender, age, language, social position, way of life, religious, ideological, or political convictions, or because of a physical, mental or psychological disability."

Switzerland's Partnership act, in which people which same sex relationships are legally recognized, took effect in January 2007. Same sex-adoption is illegal in Switzerland. The government has not undertaken specific programs, measures, or actions to raise awareness or combat homophobia. Although in 2005, public statements were made by the Federal Council and many politicians promoting the Federal Act on Registered Partnership, not much has been addressed since then. This is most probably due to lack of awareness, thus little awareness-raising has been undertaken by the country.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Togo
Delegate Name: Claire Ronan
School: Royal Oak High School

The LGBT community has grown vastly across the globe since the turn of the century. In Togo same-sex sexual activity is a criminal offense, punishable with up to 3 years of imprisonment. Togo has been modernising its government since 2005, and has faced many political crises that have made it difficult to strongly implement new laws . Our focus, and much of our funds, have predominantly been on improving the rights and general well-being of women. Togo respects all religious beliefs within its country, and the conservative social orders they contribute to as long as they promote peace. We believe that the topic of decriminalizing same-sex sexaul activity is too controversial for our fragile, conservative nation and that attempts to legislate on this matter could be counter-productive due to the way that this phenomenon is perceived in society in Togo. As stated in our constitution “moral persons may enjoy the rights guaranteed by this Constitution to the extent these rights are compatible with their nature.” The fact that homosexuality is illegal in our country, does not mean we are looking to endanger our peoples. Thanks to a 12.7 million U.S. dollar grant from UNAIDS, we have been able to create many general STI and specific HIV prevention facilities. These facilities are permitted to give condoms and lubricant to anyone who walks in. The health and well-being of all of our peoples is above all else.

While in committee, we as a global community need to look at each country individually to see where each nation stands on the social and legal recognition of the LGBT community, and identify their individual mindsets towards LGBT rights. As we approach this subject with the sovereignty and diversity of each nation in mind, we will be able to create a resolution that allows every nation to protect their citizens in their own ways. While in committee Togo believes we should focus on a few key points: Would the international implementation of LGBT rights disrupt peaceful social orders within countries? What are the incentives to focus great amounts of time and money on such a controversial issue? How will funding for immediate changes in policy be provided? Togo believes that once these issues are resolved we can find a resolution that promotes peace amongst all peoples.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Trinidad and Tobago
Delegate Name: Sarah Flowers
School: Forest Hills Northern High School

LGBT rights have been a prevalent topic in the forefront of politics for decades, but the movement has especially accumulated velocity and become more widespread in the 21st Century. The LGBT human rights movement has maintained its status as a controversial issue. In many places, homosexuality is illegal and often met with disapproval, social unacceptance, and violence. There are LGBT communities around the world that are left battered and unsupported by their fellow citizens and government. However, with the modern era sweeping in, more countries have decriminalized homosexuality and even legalized the union between same-sex couples. Western nations in particular make it a priority to treat LGBT people as equals and celebrate human rights that are inclusive of all sexual orientations. The main debate among nations regarding the LGBT community is a matter of determining where these individuals stand on the human rights scope and government policy.

In the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, homosexuality is considered a criminal offense. Same-sex relations are punishable with prison sentences ranging from five years to life, depending on the circumstance and age of the perpetrator. While we do not support violence and mistreatment of LGBT individuals, we do believe in upholding our traditional and conservative values as they are part of what defines this country. Homosexuality is not accepted as the norm and we do not see any change of policy or reform in the near future. It is important that the traditional family structure is maintained and respected; the infiltration of same-sex couples into the ideal family structure could potentially be detrimental to social standings and the overall morals of Trinidad and Tobago.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Tunisia
Delegate Name: Lia Bommarito
School: Williamston High School

Throughout the world, it can be agreed upon that people who identify as part of the LGBT spectrum are discriminated against. Although the movement of LGBT people struggling for basic rights is gaining speed around the world, countless countries exist separately, in a space where LGBT people are neglected as a group. LGBT people are often denied the right of marriage and marriage benefits, recognition of a relationship, the ability to adopt children, the right to legally change one’s gender, and many other rights that do not involve orientation (the right to serve in the military or to give blood). Movements and protests are constantly happening in countries that oppress LGBT people and the opposition has gained considerable speed.

Even with LGBT protests gaining attention, countries should not be hasty with their resolutions; applying national laws to an international level could yield outcries from conservative countries. Tunisia is a Muslim country that follows the law of the Quran quite strictly, and sees that LGBT people are criminals under Tunisian law. Article 230 in Tunisia declares sodomy illegal, a prohibition that many other Muslim countries have. Progressive Western viewpoints cannot be ignored, but it is ridiculous to suggest that every country follow a set of laws gifting LGBT people rights that for hundreds of years in their countries, they have never had. With that, the council cannot ignore the Declaration of Human Rights; LGBT people are, as such, people. They have all the rights stated in the Declaration and no country should be able to deny them of those.

However, as stated prior, countries that provide excessive rights to LGBT people cannot force their ideas into an international resolution. Doing so would infringe on the national sovereignty of countries not agreeing with said resolution. Tunisia would not be opposed to a resolution that emphasizes the rights given to LGBT people by the Declaration of Human Rights, but resolutions designating rights and privileges to LGBT people worldwide cannot be passed. Tunisia expects all other countries obeying the law of the Quran, and all other countries that respect national sovereignty, to agree with them. This may include Algeria, Libya and Egypt.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Turkmenistan
Delegate Name: Anna Levashkevich
School: Grand Blanc High School

A topic that has been debated since antiquity, the issue of LGBT rights has gained more and more attention. Although it is common knowledge that lesbian, gay, and transgender people have been depicted in art and documents since 9,500 B.C.E, and that in antiquity it was widely accepted, as civilization and religion advanced it became less and less socially and religiously acceptable. The massive resurgence of the LGBT movements are fairly recent dating back to the 80’s. Today the issue is still very relevant and is much debated. Some of the main aspects debated include: the legality of consensual sex, workplace discrimination, marriage, adoption, and hate crimes.

The issue of LGBT rights is extremely concerning to Turkmenistan. Although we support general Human Rights we are very concerned by many aspects of LGBT rights. As a country, we are a very religious nation, 89% of our citizens are Muslim and 10% are Russian Orthodox, indicating that 99% practice religions which do not view homosexuality as socially acceptable. We feel that it would be against our democratic principles to force any legislation which would legalize homosexual marriage, seeing as marriage is a very sacred and important union in our culture, or force employers to hire employees that would not represent their business in the way they wish. Seeing as this is such a controversial issue, with many people all around the world on both sides of the debate, we simply do not understand how we could legalize adoption for homosexual couples. If citizens of the world get to choose whether or not they support gay rights, then shouldn’t our children get a choice as well? Countless studies have also proven the importance of a mother and a father in a child’s life. Overall, there are a couple aspects we agree with and are considering extending in our own country, for example we currently have the Red Cross working to provide some HIV education to the very few homosexual couples in our country, as well as some forms of homosexuality being legal.

We wish to cooperate and create a solution that would ultimately set a basic guide line to a few things such as limiting hate crimes towards people suspected of being homosexual, education for the prevention of STD’s, and perhaps allowing for the practice of legal consensual sex. However, things like marriage, adoption, and workplace discrimination are all very new even in proactive LGBT rights countries and would not be accepted by our people and their views.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: United Kingdom
Delegate Name: Kara VanAllen
School: Mattawan High School

The subject of rights for the LGBT community has become a major topic through out the world today. Many countries are slowly supporting the idea of equalizing LGBT individuals, but more countries are against it, due to cultural or religious beliefs. Alleged persecution of these persons is mentioned almost daily in some form of news, from local to global.

The United Kingdoms opinion on LGBT rights has been a major discussion over several decades. In 2005 the U.K allowed civil partnerships and in 2014, marriage became legal for everyone in England and Wales. With countries such as Ireland and the United States, more recently adopting equal rights laws, the UK believes all other countries should follow suit in this fight for basic human rights.

The UNHRC should be able to provide basic rights for LGBT individuals in countries under the United Nations. According to Article 19 “All states should decriminalize homosexuality and rigorously enforce the criminal law against individuals who commit acts of violence against individuals based on their sexual orientation or gender identity”. The United Kingdom believes that the UN should recommend laws to help protect LGBT individuals in their own country and when traveling to other countries that may or may not support the individuals beliefs.

The delegation from the United Kingdom looks forward to working with willing countries to create solutions for this pressing issues, specifically on the matters of anti-discrimination laws, equal protection for LGBT+ youth and adults, and transgender recognition in governments. Although the United Kingdom recognizes the major role religion plays in several countries around the world, it strongly urges that all countries come willing to have open discussions and substantive debate about this extremely personal, political, and controversial issue.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: United States
Delegate Name: Emma Getz
School: Fishers High School

The United States of America was founded on the basis of protecting the civil liberties of our citizens. As outlined in the Declaration of Independence, “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness”. Our nation has a history of protecting our LGBT citizens, most importantly found in the Obergefell v. Hodges case of 2015, lifting bans on same-sex marriage in every state. Same sex sexual activity has also been legal nationwide since 2003. Our “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy was repealed in 2011, allowing openly homosexual members to serve on the United States military. Since 2009, crime against citizens for their gender expression or sexual orientation has been identified as a Federal Hate Crime. Adoption for same sex couples has also been legal nationwide since 2015. This puts as as one of the most progressive nations in regards to the rights of gay and lesbian citizens. The legal rights of transgender citizens are currently being widely debated. Currently, assigning gender as male or female is currently left to the states and is dependant in the transition process of transgender citizens.

Due to the natural rights and civil liberties endowed to our citizens, we hold anti-discrimination for LGBT citizens in high regard. Currently, due to our national and state Religious Freedom Restoration Acts, many cases come to court regarding discrimination of LGBT citizens in favor of religious liberties. We hope to establish even more anti-discrimination laws so that the rights of LGBT citizens are not infringed by a citizen’s right to religious freedom; even though, as a nation built on religious liberty, we hold a citizen’s freedom to practice religion in the highest regard as well. Overall, the goal of the United States is to eliminate discrimination; whether it be for LGBT citizens or citizens practicing their respective religions. As more states develop anti-discrimination laws, more LGBT citizens are being protected. We hope to eventually legally protect LGBT citizens in the workplace and their familial and public lives.

Many nations have established a national religion, but the United States prides ourselves in the fact that we did not. Because of this, we can protect LGBT citizens from religious discrimination. We hope to implement a universal anti-discrimination clause into our resolution paper. With this, no matter the official religion of a nation, all agreeing nations must protect the civil liberties of their LGBT citizens. Since it would be against our nature to infringe upon the religious freedom of other nations, there is no way we can coerce every nation to agree, our main goal is to persuade nations of their obligation to uphold the basic human rights of their citizens as members of the United Nations.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Venezuela
Delegate Name: Annalise Brinks
School: East Grand Rapids High School

In recent years, the issue of the rights of LGBT individuals has taken a position on the forefront of global political discussions. Venezuela has offered protections to these individuals and developed anti-discrimination legislation. While Venezuela does not recognize the marriage of same-sex couples, we have been focused on efforts that would allow for the civil unions of same-sex couples and offer them protections as “associates by cohabitation.” The LGBT community would benefit greatly from this advance, but the Catholic community would be more supportive of this provision, rather than same-sex marriages. This could create an essential balance that would cause the least amount of social uproar while still guaranteeing the rights of these individuals. The LGBT population should be offered the same rights and protections as all other citizens. International policy should ensure that the rights of LGBT individuals are protected and that they are not discriminated against. These individuals should be offered the same benefits and protections as all other people. Nations also have the responsibility to ensure that their citizens, no matter their sexual orientation or gender identity, are protected, safe, and offered the same rights as other individuals.

In the past, many people have had their rights compromised because of their identity, and Venezuela believes it is important to ensure, above all, the safety and rights of all of their citizens. The global community should also work to create a benchmark of protections offered to LGBT individuals, especially maintaining an environment in which everyone can live without being harmed or discriminated against.

Topic: LGBT Rights
Country: Zimbabwe
Delegate Name: Evelyn Pae
School: Forest Hills Central High School

In Zimbabwe, male homosexual activity has been illegal since 1891. Campaigns have been carried out against all homosexual activity since 1995. Homosexuality is considered to be sodomy, unlawful, unnatural, and deliberate sexual offense. Material promoting or containing homosexual material is considered indecent to the public and is prohibited in this country. Any act between two members of the male sex that would be considered by any reasonable person to be unnatural and indecent, such as kissing, hugging, holding hands, sexual intercourse, obviously cannot be tolerated and is therefore a criminal offense in our country. Such unnatural acts degrade our status as human beings and run counter to our nation's morals and beliefs. People who commit such acts should be prosecuted and dealt with, lest their actions negatively affect the public, and they cannot be allowed to adopt innocent children or take jobs from honest workers. Nations should not protect the right of people to commit crimes against humanity. The fact that other countries protect and promote this violation shows a great moral weakness in the social fiber of the West, which some in our country have regrettably fallen prey to due to our colonial oppressors. It is an outrage that homosexual activity is protected and even promoted in some countries around the world, and that they spread their ideas to countries like ours. The obligation of our nation to rightfully outlaw such immoral acts, in order to preserve our nation's noble sense of self from unnatural outside ideas which did not originate here and which are the fault of those who have oppressed us, obviously falls under a higher moral code than any disagreeing international policy could.