Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Afghanistan
Delegate Name: Alex Mullen
School: Williamston High School

Afghanistan strongly believes in devolpment in nuclear energy and fissile materials. The first reason that we believe in this is that we would like a new stable alternative to natural gas that we have now. Also this new nuclear energy would be a step forward for our proud country of Afghanistan. With the production of fissionable material in Afghanistan our country can take much needed steps into the future that would finally put our country out of the stone age. Also steeping forward into the nuclear field would put Afghanistan into the forefront of technology and provide valuable and much needed.

Afghanistan feels that it would be unfair for some countries to posses the power to make fissile material and to make cost affective nuclear energy. Its is a outrage that other countries hoard the secrets of making nuclear energy and don't let other countries have this. This invades on our countries national sovereignty with other nations forcing us to do what they want or else. This is so ridiculous that only certain countries can hold the power of nuclear capabilities and Afghanistan would like this powerful capability.

Some countries think that other nations would make Nuclear weapons with the nuclear material. These are Hannis accusations to make against other nations. Under the law of the united nations, countries are not allowed to create nuclear weapons for war fair.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Delegate Name: Jacob Schacht
School: Mattawan High School

Nuclear power gained the world’s attention after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and many countries wanted the uses of nuclear power for themselves. Nuclear power became a popular topic and it played a major role during the next decades. Today, some of those nations are attempting to go through with their plans. Two ways of producing nuclear power exist using the combined use of plutonium-239 and uranium-235 or the use of highly enriched uranium. These fissile materials’ atoms, when split by neutrons, produce enormous amounts of energy. This energy can be harnessed to produce electricity or in the case of a nuclear weapon, the energy can be released producing a huge explosion. The world is getting increasingly worried as the technologies of nuclear reactors, reprocessing plants, and uranium enrichment plants is now easier for unpredictable nations, like The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and Iran, to get their hands on.

Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) currently is managing a developing infrastructure left from its Civil War from 1992-1995. BiH imports over two times more products than it exports and fixing its economy is the nation’s top priority. The current unemployment is estimated to be around 29%. Bosnia and Herzegovina’s main source of electricity comes from the burning of coal. Bosnia and Herzegovina does not currently have the economic stability to build and pay for nuclear facilities, but nuclear technology does provide several benefits to a nation’s economy. When the opportunity presents itself, Bosnia and Herzegovina would look into developing nuclear power. Nuclear power can bring cleaner emissions which are easier on the environment. Pollution levels decrease from nuclear power when compared to the emissions of burning coal. Coal is a popular fossil fuel that many nations use, and because of its widespread use, the amounts of coal in coal producing regions are diminishing. Nuclear power provides an alternative source of energy which Bosnia and Herzegovina can rely upon, especially when Bosnia and Herzegovina relies upon much of the coal it mines. Nuclear energy can also be produced within Bosnia and Herzegovina’s borders allowing Bosnia and Herzegovina to not require as much help from other nations.

As a solution to the situation of nuclear energy being used for violent purposes, Bosnia proposes that, with respect to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, developing nations with a democratic form of government should be allowed to create nuclear power for peaceful purposes. In addition, those countries with nuclear programs will be closely monitored by a UN organization, and all countries will need to comply with the agency in charge of checking the nation’s use of nuclear energy. Bosnia and Herzegovina sees this solution as a way for Bosnia and Herzegovina to obtain other means of electricity in the future. This solution will also allow Bosnia and Herzegovina to maintain relatively warm relations with Iran, Pakistan, and the Syrian Arab Republic. Countries who would support Bosnia’s suggestion are Germany, Canada, and Malaysia. Certainly other developing democratic nations with the desire to use nuclear power for peaceful means will be willing to comply with the said solution. Bosnia and Herzegovina agrees with and recalls the rights under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty as support, and Bosnia and Herzegovina supports the purpose of the International Atomic Energy Agency.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Brazil
Delegate Name: Ryan Tarr
School: Royal Oak High School

The Federative Republic of Brazil’s recent deal with Turkey and Iran speaks of our commitment to the pursuance of peaceful nuclear energy throughout the international community. We believe that the only means through which nuclear energy can be safely and peacefully utilized is through international cooperation and sharing. The best way we currently have is through the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and the International Atomic Energy Agency.

These vehicles of sharing, while the best we currently possess are by no measure perfect and, in fact, have many shortcomings which this body must act to correct, for the safety of the international community. The Federative Republic of Brazil believes that change must occur as soon as possible in order to incorporate nations which have not signed, or withdrew their signatures from, the NPT.

Brazil firmly believes that all parties to the NPT have the right to possess safe nuclear energy used for peaceful purposes, as the Treaty states. Our chief concern is that this is not occurring, as is evident by nations which have withdrawn to independently pursue these technologies, and by nations who have been incapable of creating any nuclear technologies.

We must strengthen the NPT to further address the threat of “dirty bombs” made from nuclear waste. This can be done by amending the existing NPT to include front-end and back-end agreements for waste disposal protocol. By reducing this risk, we will be increasing the safety of all nuclear energy systems, which would reduce the risk of assisting developing nations in the pursuance of these technologies.

The international community must truly act as a community when it comes to nuclear energy, an energy which can be clean, safe, and peaceful if used wisely.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Colombia
Delegate Name: Tenzin Tsundu
School: Ann Arbor Community High School

The Republic of Colombia believes that Development of Nuclear energy is a great source of energy. If not monitored carefully, it could become very dangerous. The republic of Colombia signed the Comprehensive Nuclear Test ~Ban Treaty (CTBT), in 1996, which resulted in Colombia is a non-nuclear country. We signed the CTBT for the sake of international security and peace keeping. Our government strongly believes in the non- proliferation weapons of mass destruction and in the peaceful use of nuclear science and technology.

We believe that the amount of fissile material a nation holds should be closely watched. We need to work together on a global level to ensure these requirements are met. This will provided a more safe and secure global environment. To accomplish this goal, all the nations with nuclear weapons must be willing to disarm their nuclear cache.

The danger of a nuclear war still exists, leaving the possibility of complete and utter destruction. Fewer nuclear weapons will make the world safer. We must be responsible with all decisions regarding nuclear power: it is a powerful source of energy and could be a destructive weapon. Nuclear power is not fully understood resulting in it being extremely dangerous. The members of the United Nations must fulfill their duties in disassembling these weapons. If we all cooperate with one another then possibly the concept of nuclear warfare will forever diminish. Like Spiderman’s uncle once said, “With great power comes great responsibility”.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Cuba
Delegate Name: Freida Blostein
School: Royal Oak High School

Cuba recognizes the rapidly increasing importance of a world in which the catastrophic capabilities of nuclear weapons are limited. Having acceded to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), and as a fundamental signatory to the Treaty of Tlatelolco, Cuba appreciates what such agreements and Nuclear Weapon Free Zones (NFWZs) can do as far as ensuring the peaceful continuation of life. However, even such pertinent documents as the NPT are meaningless unless followed, and until the Nuclear Weapon States pursue the first pillar of the NPT, nuclear disarmament, with as much vehemence as they do the nonproliferation of nuclear materials, the world will remain in fundamental danger. Similarly, until Israel is a member of the NPT it is impossible to establish a NFWZ in the Middle East, and that region will remain in a dangerous and unsustainable tension.

However, the duty of this body, in this meeting, is not to discuss the parameters, failings and concerns of the first or second pillars of the NPT, but rather of its third pillar, the safe pursuit of nuclear technology. As a member of the Non Aligned Movement, Cuba believes that every nation has the inalienable right to research, produce and use nuclear technology, without any form of discrimination. Both Article IV of the NPT and the Final Document of the 2000 NPT Review Conference were very clear in that every nation’s choices in their use of nuclear energy should be respected, and should not jeopardize the nation’s international agreements or relations. There is absolutely no room for reinterpretation of this right, and any restrictions or condition on states party to the NPT must be removed immediately, and no future restrictions may be set. Regardless of nations standings within the international community, or in the minds of some first world nations, all nations, regardless of political or social stances have the right to develop nuclear technologies as a source of research and energy.

Though it is foolish and ridiculous to imply in anyway that nations should assist other states in the pursuit of nuclear technologies, it is neither ridiculous nor foolish to insist that measures restricting the economic ability of nations to research, produce or use nuclear technologies should be removed. Such measures, such as embargos or trade restrictions, when placed without due cause, not only severely restrict nations’ growth in general, but severely limit nations’ ability to use nuclear technology as alternative energy source or as medical treatment.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Denmark
Delegate Name: Shelby Pendowski
School: Mattawan High School

With the recent issues about the development of nuclear energy amongst countries, Denmark would like to address that we support the peaceful development of nuclear energy. Denmark depends on the use of nuclear energy for electricity not only in for the use in Denmark, but also the fuel for neighboring countries’ electricity. The recognition that nuclear energy has and is being used for the intent of dangerous weaponry is that in which Denmark hopes to end. Denmark firmly believes that nuclear energy must only be used for peaceful intent, and that those countries planning on using nuclear energy to develop harmful devices should be monitored.

With successful trade between countries such as Germany, Norway, and Sweden Denmark has placed an example as to how nuclear energy can be developed to enhance peaceful trade amongst countries, along with supplying sufficient energy for a country. To speak on behalf of the positive uses of nuclear energy, Denmark would like to state that the advancement of nuclear energy can help to supply electricity to many nations.

However, in the realization that currently many nations use nuclear energy to develop problematic weaponry that place tension between nations Denmark recognizes the need for change. Therefore, Denmark believes that nuclear energy should not be used by any nation for any other purpose than peaceful development, so excluding nuclear weaponry. To eliminate the arising issues of inappropriate use of nuclear energy, Denmark proposes the regulation of nuclear energy. Meaning, nations must prohibit the use of nuclear energy for the purpose of weaponry and purely use the energy to provide electricity and other peaceful uses to each nation. With the trade of nuclear energy in the form of electricity it can boost international relations and can add employment, and trade to the economy.

Denmark recognizes the ideals of Norway, Sweden, Germany, The United States of America, and Great Britain. Each one of these countries helps to support the peaceful development and use of nuclear energy to benefit trade, economy, and electrical cost. Therefore, to reaffirm the need for peaceful development of nuclear energy Denmark wishes to recommend an agreement including the regulation of nuclear energy in each country involved in the United Nations, and promote the benefits of nuclear energy. With this agreement, nuclear arms will be prohibited from being produced or developed.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Egypt
Delegate Name: Aaron Bernard
School: Roeper School

As a signatory of the Nuclear non-Proliferation Treaty, the Arab Republic of Egypt recognizes the threat that nuclear weapons pose to the world. While we recognize the importance for every nation to have the right to defend itself and uphold its sovereignty, we believe that nuclear weapons are not necessary in doing so.

Egypt believes that every nation has the sovereign right to pursue peaceful nuclear energy however nuclear technology must be controlled and used for energy proposes only. We believe the position of nuclear weapons should be controlled. Egypt has a great deal of experience when it comes to control of nuclear weapons. For years we have called for Israel to relinquish its unrecognized yet very real nuclear weapons for greater stability in the region. We have further advocated the creation of a nuclear weapons free zone in the Middle East.

The Arab Republic of Egypt believes that nuclear weapons are far too dangerous for any one country in the Middle East to have and therefore in order to achieve greater regional safety and prosperity we believe that this measure is necessary. Although Iran has denied its pursuit of nuclear weapons, Egypt believes Iran’s development of dual-use nuclear technology is partly motivated by Israeli nuclear weapons. Egypt further urges member nations to become signatories of the nuclear nonproliferation treaty in order to stop the further spread of this malediction, and to rigorously observe NPT obligations.

The Arab Republic of Egypt affirms the urgent need to find a political solution to the current situation in Iran involving nuclear material. We urge Iran not to take any steps that will further exacerbate the situation. The Arab Republic of Egypt does not believe any further sanctioning of Iran is necessary at this time, but may need to be considered should Iran fail to comply with the UN NPT and Security Council Resolutions.

The Arab Republic of Egypt hopes that with the help of the Great and Almighty Creator we will be able to solve such pressing and dangerous issues.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: France
Delegate Name: Katelyn Coghlan
School: Saline High School

France has been classified as one of the world’s five “Nuclear Weapons Sates”. This title, given to them under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, means that they recognizably have a stockpile of nuclear warheads. Sources estimate this pile to be around 300 strong, and the world’s third largest.

In 1996 and 1998, France signed the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, which banned all explosions in all environments including military testing. Although many countries have signed this treaty, it has not yet been taken into effect. France is not known to have any harmful chemical or biological weapons.

France has always made historical steps in nuclear technology. In 2006, the French president, Jacques Chirac said that “France would be willing to use nuclear weapons against a state attacking France via terrorist means”. He also made a reference to having weaponry stock piled in case the country is ever in this situation. Two years later, the French president, Nicolas Sarkozy, said that he was going to cut back on their nuclear pane-based arsenal weapons by 33%.

The country has made steps in promoting global peace, and reducing the world’s amount of nuclear weapons. However, they are very reliant on nuclear energy for both their own county, and as a major export. They currently have 59 nuclear reactors, very low carbon dioxide emissions, and the lowest cost of energy in Europe. France would like to see international cooperation in this debate, with a strong emphasis in using nuclear power for technological purposes, and not as weaponry.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Germany
Delegate Name: John Bihn
School: Saginaw Arts and Sciences Academy

The safe and peaceful use of nuclear materials is a critical issue in today’s world. The Federal Republic of Germany strongly encourages the use of nuclear energy as a transition to an energy system based on renewable energy. However, the disappointing truth is that not all nuclear material is being used for peaceful purposes. As a signatory of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), Germany hopes that the nations of the world can come to an agreement that complies with this treaty.

Germany has always stressed that it must be a priority to encourage nations that have withdrawn from or not signed the NPT to act in accordance with the principles set by this treaty. The “Three Pillars” set forth in the NPT are the tenets that our world must abide by in order to maintain a peaceful atmosphere. Germany was a member of the six-party talks with Iran, and encourages Iran’s prompt return to these productive communications. With tensions rising over the state of affairs in various regions of the world, the cooperation of nations with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) must be continued now more than ever.

It is a well-known fact that Germany has been at the helm of the drive to create an international nuclear fuel bank to solve the problem of nuclear proliferation. By creating a nuclear fuel bank, all nations can equally obtain processed nuclear materials without the need for the development of costly technology. Germany is up to the task of working with the UN to develop these ideas into palpable resolutions that will combat this volatile problem.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Ghana
Delegate Name: Kevin Finley
School: Forest Hills Eastern High School

The issue of the development of nuclear energy and the complications that are involved is decades old, yet the same questions are still posed: Who should be allowed to have Nuclear technology, and more specifically, how can nuclear technological growth be regulated in a safe and equal manner? Nuclear technology, since 1945 has been arguably the most controversial developments in the world. Currently, there are 435 nuclear reactors in the world that make up a rapidly growing 16% of the world’s energy consumption. Nuclear power is an extremely efficient power source that could do wonders for the economies of developing countries especially in Africa. The capabilities of nuclear technology are what limit its spread. A consensus must be reached on how the benefits of nuclear technologies can be reaped by all without the possible repercussions of the downfalls of nuclear technologies.

African countries could advance well beyond their projections given a power source that is reliable, self sustaining, and efficient. The initial cost of a fission reactor and the dangers that come with the spread of technology is a mighty barrier that stands in the way of many African countries. Ghana would like to propose that the UN fund selected reactor construction in specific African countries by reputable UN approved companies accompanied by approved security forces. The largest contributors of funding to the United Nations are proponents of safe nuclear growth, therefore finding funds should not be an issue. The protection of this technology is important, and only after the proper training of locals has been conducted should the technology be used solely by the country in which the reactor has been constructed. Basically, the local residents of the receiving country will attain nuclear training and protection in order to safely distribute this technology. The cost can be paid back in small increments to the United Nations as the country begins to take advantage of the new power source. By attacking the issue in this manner, the dangers of completely turning over technology to instable African governments are removed, yet the countries can still benefit from the technologies.

The countries that will support Ghana’s position would most likely be extroverted political countries that support the development of smaller countries such as the United States and much of Europe. Southeastern Asian countries and Middle Eastern countries will most likely remain neutral on this resolution. Many developing African nations will also see the appeal behind this position because it gives them a free chance for development to be paid back later. Countries that have reactor building capabilities would also welcome a chance to spread a reliable form of energy with an eventual cost benefit

Introverted countries may believe that it is not the United Nations position to give support to developing nations, especially in the form of nuclear technology. Some may argue that these nations have no business acquiring nuclear technology and offer a doomsday scenario. Others may argue that it is the responsibility of these nations to attain or develop the technology themselves.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Haiti
Delegate Name: Charles Coon
School: Williamston High School

The main issue to nuclear energy is that many countries such as Iran claim to be using nuclear power for energy but they are really using it for harmful causes. Even with this risk we believe that nuclear energy is worth working towards. We feel this because it is a great way to obtain energy without putting all of the harmful greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere. Due to several reasons, Haiti’s economy is not doing very well right now. Because of this, we are not able to develop a nuclear program. Haiti and many other smaller countries like us need financial aid to help us develop an energy efficient nuclear program.

As I have mentioned Haiti’s economy is at a very poor state, and a nuclear program would help build a good structure for Haiti’s economy. With the economy the way it is, Haiti doesn’t have to money to buy uranium which is necessary to obtain nuclear energy. Haiti also doesn’t have the recourses to obtain Uranium. Knowing this it is obvious that Haiti needs a lot of help from the bigger nations such as the United States. A nuclear program is also a necessity for Haiti because it is very difficult for Haiti to obtain any other way of energy due to the when the British colonized Haiti they deforested it leaving Haiti with very few essentials for energy. Obviously Haiti needs a lot of help from the bigger countries to build a nuclear program. For the sake of all Haitian people we need your help turning around economy.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: India
Delegate Name: Jennifer Larson
School: Royal Oak High School

Due to increasing demands for energy, the development of nuclear energy has become increasingly important in India. India believes in the peaceful use of nuclear energy and established the United States-India Peaceful Atomic Energy Cooperation Act. One part of this document requires IAEA inspections, which India has voluntarily established a new agreement with the IAEA to continue the set restrictions. From this treaty, India has worked toward negotiating a Fissile Material Cutoff Treaty (FMCT) with the United States to ban the production of fissile material for weapons purposes. India has agreed to prevent the spread of enrichment and reprocessing technologies to states that don’t possess them and to support international non-proliferation efforts.

India is one of the few countries to have a no-first-use policy, a pledge not to use nuclear weapons unless first attacked by an adversary using nuclear weapons. The theory of no-first-use and deterrence go hand in hand. The first aggressive use of a nuclear weapon will be a confession that deterrence has failed and the use of nuclear weapons was the only choice left. It is globally recognized that a nuclear war between nuclear powers would not lead to any meaningful result and would indubitably end in great loss on both sides; therefore, a no-first-use policy is most appropriate.

India accepts its responsibility and has abided by the strict export controls on nuclear technology set by the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG). Should the five nuclear powers decide on a date when they will get rid of their nuclear weapons that they have, that the world would be safer without those nuclear weapons, India would be prepared to sign on any Comprehensive Ban Treaty.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Indonesia
Delegate Name: Elizabeth Caldwell
School: Ann Arbor Community High School

The Republic of Indonesia acknowledges both the benefits and possible dangers of nuclear energy and lax control of fissile material. However, the Republic of Indonesia considers the dangers of nuclear energy rendered minute by the possible positive outcomes.

The Republic of Indonesia is currently in need of more energy to supply our growing population and doing so will greatly enhance our population’s quality of life. The quickest energy supply to develop, the most economical and the most environmentally friendly energy supply is that of nuclear energy. We potentially face many of the same problems that the state of Japan is currently face. Examples include being part of the Ring of Fire, which causes many disastrous problems involving volcanoes and earthquakes. However, we will render all possible hazards harmless and have plans in place to build many disaster proof reactors. These potential problems will not disrupt nor cause unplanned nuclear reactions from earthquake disruption of nuclear reactor facilities. This limits nearly all potential consequences.

The Republic of Indonesia has a strong government organization Badan Tegan Nuklir Nasional (BATAN) in charge of the protection and monitoring of fissile material trasportation as well as nuclear energy monitoring and regulation. The only issue The Republic of Indonesia risks in the recognizable future is that involving that of missing fissile materials from shipments heading to reactor sights. This may be detrimental to other countries, but The Republic of Indonesia has yet to face a problem that would require action to be taken. A country that does transport vast amounts of fissile materials will need to keep control and knowledge of their fissile shipments to and from foreign allies.

The Republic of Indonesia strongly believes in the safety of nuclear energy and of the necessary safeguards to protect fissile materials from falling into the wrong hands.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Iran
Delegate Name: Joseph LoCascio
School: Roeper School

The Islamic Republic of Iran realizes that the propaganda machine of the major powers has turned many nations against Iran on this topic. We trust that, as this conference continues, all the honorable delegates present will unveil their eyes—truth, however hidden, is revealed by The Almighty as time progresses.

The Islamic Republic of Iran signed and ratified the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty well before the vast majority of the United Nations member states. It is also a signatory of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, or CTBT. Since then, it has striven to uphold the Three Pillars on which the latter Treaty rests. The hypocrisy of western nations in not abiding by the Second Pillar—disarmament of current nuclear stores—is, admittedly, not our subject here today, but it may be important for the delegates to observe that the NPT here is being violated. Iran, which does not possess any nuclear weapons, and is not, to any degree, attempting to obtain them, abides by the Second Pillar because it does not have anything to disarm, a statement confirmed by the IAEA (“the Agency has been able to continue to verify the non-diversion of declared nuclear material in Iran.") The United States, having aided the Zionists in their pursuit of to use on innocent Palestinian woman and children, has also violated the nuclear bombs First Pillar, that of non-proliferation, by shielding and facilitating the Zionist state’s development of nuclear weapons for over three decades.

The Third Pillar is most central to our discussion. Article IV of the Treaty clearly states that, considering the intrinsic role it plays in civilian nuclear power, enriched uranium processing need remain legal for the development of peaceful nuclear power. The United States, since 2004 focusing on Iran’s uranium processing as one of their major policy priorities, has fought against this right. The United States has wished itself and its handful of cronies to be the only states capable of utilizing this valuable technology. The Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency, Mohamed ElBaradei, he himself a follower of Islam, has stated that the current non-proliferation regime has “lost its legitimacy…” because of this “…double-standard.”

It is unfortunate that these hypocritical standards we attempt to eliminate are so entrenched in world affairs. The Islamic Republic of Iran hopes that all delegates will allow themselves to be guided by The Magnificent Spirit of the Creator. As salaam alaikum.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Italy
Delegate Name: Collin Mathias
School: Forest Hills Northern High School

Since the first resolution of the United Nations, we as the world have been working on the peaceful use of nuclear technology. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) has been the main source of UN focus on nuclear energy since its inception on 1 July 1968. The Italian Republic signed the NPT on 28 January 1969. Italy also works with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to promote the civil use of this technology. Despite the longevity of these organizations though, more countries have begun to develop Nuclear Energy with aggressive intent.

The Italian Republic was among the first to develop Nuclear Technology for civil manners. However, after the Chernobyl incident, Italy's plants were discontinued and shut down. However in 2009, Italy and France signed a deal to construct 4 new Nuclear plants in Italy using France's expertise. Italy hopes, with France, to make Nuclear Energy a priority. Italy was the chair to the G8 Summit in Aquila where the G8 committed to "reducing and eventually eliminating existing nuclear arsenals; strengthening the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and stopping the spread of nuclear weapons to additional nations; and preventing terrorists and political extremists from obtaining nuclear weapons or materials".

The United States' President Obama has a vision of a “world without nuclear weapons”. With the New START, this is believed to be possible. While a zero-nuclear weapon option is not going to happen tomorrow, it is something that must begin today. The United States and Russia have set an example for the world to follow with their plan to sign the New START. With this, the number of nuclear weapons will be decreased by each country.

Italy pushes now for all the world to sign the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. That, with the Fissile Materials Cut-off Treaty can rid begin to rid the world of the supplies of nuclear weapons. We must bring North Korea back into the Six Party Talks. Their leadership must understand that nuclear technology must be used as a source of energy, but not weapons. The example set by Russia and the Untied States might be a step in the right direction, but Italy will not rest until we are in a world free of nuclear weapons. Italy does not intend to show any flexibility at all on that matter. Step-by-step, Italy works to bring the world together and free us of the terror of nuclear weapons. The Italian Republic plans for a gradually decline in the amount of nuclear weapons. The UN must adopt stronger guidelines for the NPT and establish a similiar commitment as the G8 leaders did. The Italian Republic stands ready.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Japan
Delegate Name: Jillianne Goldsberry
School: Flint Southwestern Classical Academy

Although Japan is the only country to have been subjected to a nuclear attack, it currently relies on nuclear power for 30% of its energy needs with ongoing plans to increase this use to 40% in the near future. Because it has few natural resources, Japan currently has had to import almost 80% of their energy needs. Nuclear power has been of increasing importance since Japan’s first reactor was built in 1966. Japan’s energy policy calls for development of a safe, stable energy supply while decreasing reliance on energy imports and reduction of greenhouse gases. Safe disposal and reuse of spent nuclear fuel is of great concern. Japan currently has established a "pluthermal" policy of recycling plutonium recovered from used fuel and use of mixed oxide (MOX) fuel.

Japan wants to allow the use of nuclear fuels and fissile materials for energy purposes while banning the use of fissile materials for weapons and explosive devices. Japan concurs with the Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty (FMCT). Japan also agrees with current nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation treaties in place, such as the 1995 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). All countries should have the ability to be self-sustaining as possible for their energy needs.

In order to accomplish the goal of safe nuclear energy use, all reactors should be retrofitted with safety-related upgrades or replaced if they don't meet strict seismic standards. Also, Japan would like to see more countries establish a similar "pluthermal" policy of recycling plutonium recovered from used fuel and a use of mixed oxide (MOX) fuel thus reducing spent waste and greenhouse gases. “Japan is open to any suggestions that are conducive to further disarmament and non-proliferation, and also to facilitation of the FMCT negotiating process” (Japan, “Working Paper on a Treaty to Ban the Production of Fissile Material for Nuclear Weapons and Other Nuclear Explosive Devices”). Multi-country committee should be convened to set the scope of discussion, define fissile materials, and establish a verification system incorporating International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) guidelines. “Safeguarded peaceful uses of nuclear energy do no harm to the purpose of nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament”(Japan, “Working Paper on a Treaty to Ban the Production of Fissile Material for Nuclear Weapons and Other Nuclear Explosive Devices”).

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Jordan
Delegate Name: Rodger MacArthur
School: Roeper School

With a population over 6 million and growing rather rapidly many moving to the cities, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan needs a sustainable energy source for its citizens such as the one enjoyed in many modern countries, Western, Gulf, and East Asian.

For the last decade Jordan has been working to achieve a nuclear program. Many countries support Jordan’s quest for peaceful nuclear technology including Canada, United Kingdom, Spain, China, Argentina, South Korea, and most importantly France and Japan. Japan has been the biggest supporter of Jordan’s nuclear program; the two countries have signed an agreement of Nuclear energy cooperation.

As the closest Arab ally to the United States, Jordan would like assistance from the United States and other countries to help supply the needed parts as well as oversee the nuclear power plant to assure that the enriched Uranium isn’t being used for dual use technologies, and that fissile materials are protected from weapons diversion and other nefarious deeds.

Jordan would accept oversight from the UN International Atomic Energy Agency officials or inspectors from nations such as Japan, France, or the United States to monitor the plants. As a strong Arab ally to the West, yet with positive relations to the Arab world as well as Israel, it is in also in these nations best interest to assist the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in assisting us in keeping our citizens supplied with their growing energy needs.

Jordan seeks to work with all other countries in the near future to work to safeguard the Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Fissile Material Control.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Lebanon
Delegate Name: Arric McLauchlan
School: Forest Hills Eastern High School

After the 15-year civil war from 1975 to 1990, Lebanon has experienced rolling blackouts as a normal part of life. Many other industrializing nations as well need a more reliable source of energy. Currently, over 85 percent of the world’s energy is produced using fossil fuels and other natural resources. This use of these non-renewable resources seems a waste when there is an alternative. That alternative is nuclear power. Nuclear power is a clean, safe, and reliable way to produce energy, and it leaves the natural resources to be used for other purposes such as machinery and vehicles. It is the opinion of Lebanon that nuclear energy can and should be utilized in a peaceful manner. While nuclear energy has a high potential for use in weaponry, it should not scare the world away from this technology. It has too much potential for good to not be utilized because of the potential for misuse. The development of nuclear power plants around the world will open a whole new market for trading and will boost economic prosperity everywhere. Shipping and handling of the fissile material is an extremely risky procedure. In the past, shipments have often been lost or stolen, but if handled with the utmost care and responsibility, can be achieved without being abducted.

In this age, advancements in technology happen extremely rapidly, and if Lebanon does not keep up with these advancements, they are surely to find themselves a sinking nation no longer able to stay ahead of the competition. Times are changing and everyone needs to change with it. That is why Lebanon believes that without a reliable source of energy, they will fall behind, and the only logical answer is to use nuclear energy. It is time for the United Nations to allow member states to develop nuclear technology for peaceful purposes. To protect from being misused, countries must grant United Nations officers access to any and all nuclear power plants as well as publish annual reports regarding the use and distribution of the generated power. The shipping and handling of the nuclear fuel must be scrutinized to avoid the materials being abducted and misused. Strict records must be taken to ensure that nothing is stolen before, during, or after shipments. It is possible to ship fissile material safely.

Developing nations of the Middle East and of Africa that experience power shortages would understand the need for nuclear power along side with Lebanon. Developed nations such as France may be in favor of the expansion of nuclear nations because they can benefit from it. By helping install power plants and distributing fissile material, they can bring in extra income from the sales.

The reserves that some nations may have to expand nuclear activity among other nations are understandable but unnecessary. If proper precautions are taken, they can rest assured that all nuclear technology will be used solely for power purposes.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Mexico
Delegate Name: Jared Krueger
School: West Ottawa High School

Mexico is a strong proponent of nuclear energy, the growth, the expansion, and the acceptance of it into the modern world. Being a clean and very productive energy source it could help appease some of the environmentalists in the world. We also have a large ability in Mexico to produce nuclear power. As to the issue on Fissile Missiles in the Pakistan-India region we are vehemently opposed. The weapons in the hands of Pakistan and or India are a risk to international security especially in that hot region of the world.

On the matter of nuclear energy the acceptance by the national community as a liable and effective energy source would create thousands of jobs in Mexico. With a large supply of uranium and a large available work force to fill the jobs it would be a time of large economic boom in Mexico. The development and the acceptance by the international community would help the environment by decreasing the amount of harmful fumes emitted by coal companies and natural gas plants in Mexico and other nations.

On the issue of fissile missiles in the Pakistan-India region we are particularly fierce on. As our ambassador said in committee on September 27 2010 “Mexico feels the time has come to issue an ultimatum”. We feel that in that especially sensitive portion of the world that there should be a fissile missile cut off treaty to avoid mass destruction of either of the nations. This would prevent massive world war because of condemnation of use of the weapons of destruction. In this touchy situation we would like the delegates from both nations either to come to an agreement or to allow the UN to step into the ring and force restrictions on both parties.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Morocco
Delegate Name: Mitchell Reddan
School: Mattawan High School

With different views around the world come conflict and strife. Some disagreements whether among individuals or entire nations can be settled with dialog and the sharing of opinions and ideas. Unfortunately, however, not all disagreements are so easily settled. Some encounters do break out into open conflict and escalate above safe levels for either of the parties involved. This is why the development of nuclear energy and peaceful use of fissile material is so important. In an ideal world, materials like uranium would be used to help society and create sources of energy not weapons. This is very much how Morocco stands on the issue of peaceful nuclear energy.

Morocco believes that the use of nuclear products and fissile material to create safe nuclear energy is just cause. Morocco itself, is currently seeking out nuclear energy and safe nuclear technology. However, Morocco also understands the danger of its situation being another Arabian nation with nuclear resources and thus is very careful in its pursuits. With the location of Morocco somewhat near the Middle East and also near some volatile African nations it is understandable that the pursuit of nuclear energy and nuclear power is dangerous one. But, Morocco believes it is a goal worth pursuing.

One situation that does concern Morocco, however, is Iran’s deep pursuits into nuclear research. Morocco feels that nations as dangerous as Iran should not be able to acquire nuclear capabilities for fear of abusing such powers. With as heated as the area Iran is located it is inadvisable for them to develop nuclear arms or nuclear capabilities and they should be limited in their pursuits. Their development of these powers puts not only them at risk but also many other nations Morocco included.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: North Korea
Delegate Name: Gilad Eisbruch
School: Ann Arbor Community High School

The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea has every right to develop nuclear energy. The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea is a developed country and has found groundbreaking ways to produce energy. Just because other “developed” countries have failed to produce as much nuclear energy as the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea does not mean that they have a right to control the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s energy sources. If the United Nations would like to inspect the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s energy sources to ensure safety and control in production, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea would have no problem proving the quality of their energy and safety of the production of their energy.

The United States and other countries do not want us producing nuclear weapons. I am concerned that a country will use the fact that we have weapons to decide to attack us. I would like to see peace agreements made between the USA and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to ensure safety in our production of nuclear weapons. The United States is likely to be hesitant to help us out in ensuring our safety, as they may see us as a threat with nuclear weapons. On the other hand, a country likely to be our ally in passing such a resolution may be Iran. Iran has been our trading partner, and has a special interest in our nuclear weapons.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Pakistan
Delegate Name: Nicole Iraola
School: Saline High School

Pakistan understands the crisis presented by the development of nuclear fissures, and realizes that it is a necessary issue that must be addressed quickly. Pakistan has been competing with India in an arms race since the 1970s. As a result of this international tension, Pakistan has refused to sign the Non-Proliferation Treaty or the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. The nation of Pakistan has its own interests of protection as a priority, and feels threatened by India’s superior development of nuclear weapons. The country of Pakistan has agreed to a no-first-use doctrine, stating that it will not use forces first, but is willing to respond with full might to any warfare from nuclear armed rivals.

As a direct result of the tensions felt by Pakistan regarding its safety, the country urges this committee to suggest possible solutions for the cease of the continuation of development of nuclear weapons. Pakistan suggests that the nuclear power being developed by nations be used to develop energy as opposed to furthering the arms race we have been a part of in the past.

Pakistan is willing to come to an agreement with India at this conference regarding our strained relations, and hopes to reach a solution in a timely manner. If India signs the NPT, then that is a necessary step towards the peace that Pakistan wishes to develop between these nations.

Development of nuclear weapons in the past has been guided merely by fear of international attacks on Pakistan. Relations between India and Pakistan have created understandable fears for Pakistan's safety, and the safety of its citizens is a top priority. Pakistan has only developed nuclear weapons as a defense tactic, and would never strike first against any nation. If our main rival agrees to sign the NPT, then this escalating crisis can be put to rest, as Pakistan will immediately follow suit.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Philippines
Delegate Name: Jiayue Liu
School: Northville High School

Nuclear energy for electric power generation has been a big part of Philippines history of development. Philippines have attempted to venture into using nuclear energy for electric power generation ever since its tremendous electric power outages in the late 1980s. Our government fully supports the development of nuclear energy in the country. In the past, our governments have created a range of instrumentalities for the advance of nuclear energy, which include the Philippines Atomic Energy Commission, or Philippine Nuclear Research Institute. We have put up nuclear plant located in the province of Bataan. But, for some strong technical considerations and outrage among the public against the use of nuclear energy and development of nuclear power plant, Philippines have not gone very far in harnessing the potential power of nuclear energy for electricity generation. However, for the good of the country as a whole, and the prevention of other power outages, Philippines wants to further improve the peaceful development of nuclear energy. We will put safety as a top consideration by financing large amount of money into research. In order to help Philippines advance through the 21st century of development and improve the power supply to the general public as much as we can, the UN can organize countries to work together for comprise on a peaceful development of nuclear energy research group and come up with a solution of safely practicing the nuclear energy. Philippines believe that this development is important and hope this committee can help find a resolution to this.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Russia
Delegate Name: Michael Jennings
School: Flint Southwestern Classical Academy

When the word “nuclear” is brought up, we instantly conjure images in our brain concerning mushroom clouds, Armageddon, tall concrete towers billowing steam into the horizon, and the ever-recognizable symbol of radioactivity. The world has many unresolved issues in the world concerning the Nuclear energy and the responsibility that comes with such an enormous power. One topic that has dominated such debate is the Islamic Republic of Iran’s attempts to develop a nuclear program. Another topic concerns finding cleaner alternatives to the use of fossil fuels and nuclear power is viewed as viable solution due to its efficiency and lack of carbon dioxide emissions. Finally, the Russian Federation is looking to expand in nuclear power program, but there are few ways to safely dispose of the waste produced from nuclear power. As nuclear power becomes a more popular source of power for the world, the disposal of the waste produced will become a more prevalent problem, and since Humanity’s leap into industrial revolution was done with little concern for the environment, the Russian Federation sees it pertinent that this revolution be a green revolution. The Russian Federation is a trading partner to Iran. In the past, Russia has supplied nuclear reactors to Iran, as well as China and India. More recently, Russia has taken action against Iran’s nuclear program like approving the latest round of UN Security Council sanctions against the nation. While a nation has the right to expand in whatever direction it so chooses, it must also take into account the consequences of its action. Russia is concerned with the lack transparency and cooperation Iran has shown to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). If Iran is willing to take the responsibility of becoming a nuclear state then it must accept all the baggage that comes with that responsibility.

While nuclear power is very efficient and produces very little greenhouse gas emissions, it creates a great number solid pollution. Nuclear waste is radioactive and damages the surrounding environment and takes tens of thousands of years to deteriorate. If a safe way to dispose of nuclear waste were found then Russia would be able to guiltlessly move forward with its very potent nuclear energy program.
While several nations protest even bargaining with Iran, the Russian Federation sees value in communicating with Iran. It appears evident that Iran is not going to forfeit its nuclear program peacefully. All the rest of the world can do now is help Russia develop a healthy nuclear energy. We cannot stop the enrichment of Uranium in Iran, because of the wealth a fissionable material is found by the ton within Iran’s borders. We should not punish a nation for seeking clean, alternative sources of energy. We cannot tell a nation to explore other alternative energy sources after a nation has invested a percentage of its GDP into the development of an energy source. The Russian Federation also fears the unsafe disposal of nuclear waste that will come from a nation that may not recognize the responsibilities that come with being a nuclear power. Another solution is offering training to Iran scientist in the proper ways to manage waste, as a way to indebt the Iranian program to the west, and give them clout over the Iranian program. We expect to receive much resistance from the United States, United Kingdom, and France because they are committed to continue using sanctions, while the Russian Federations would prefer to approach things more diplomatically.

Disposal of nuclear waste is becoming a more and more prominent issue by the year, because of the growing popularity of nuclear power. One solution is using uninhabitable zones as disposal sites. For example, Siberia is very sparsely populated because it is uninhabitable, if nuclear waste were to be put there until a more efficient disposal method were to be found, Russia would very few objections. Now the next important thing is developing ways to dispose of nuclear waste product so all nations with nuclear power or ambitions should contribute to a solution to the radioactive waste problem. One such solution could be supporting research into nuclear fusion, which is rumored to be the most clean and efficient ways to obtain power in the universe. However it is extremely difficult thing to do, and will take an effort from international science community to find a solution.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Saudi Arabia
Delegate Name: Jimmy Tian
School: Northville High School

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia recognizes that the proliferation of nuclear material throughout the world is a major problem at hand. However, the Kingdom also recognizes that while nuclear weapons and its proliferation is a significant destablizing force, the energies of the atom can also be harnessed for the power and benefit of mankind through its use as a source of peaceful energy.

In this sense, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia does not oppose the use of nuclear material, although due to the inherent dangers of highly refined radioactive material, as well as the security risks held hand in hand with using fissile material, the peaceful development of nuclear energy is to be a challenge that must be meticulously met with due process and care.

As a signatory to the NPT, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia recognizes the risks and evils of the proliferation of nuclear weapons. That is why it is the policy and hope of the Kingdom to see a nuclear-weapons-free Middle East. As the world's leading authority on Islamic interpretation, many Saudi leaders, such as the Crown Prince and Minster of Defense, Sultan bin'Abd al-'Aziz have stated that nuclear weapons are inherently violations of the tenets of Islam.

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia would therefore like to cooperate with other leading world nations such as the United States and Russia to create an international regulatory method to oversee the development of peaceful nuclear energy as well as to control the proliferation of fissile material, which is undeniably a defense risk to all nations of the world.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Sierra Leone
Delegate Name: Courtney Weyhing
School: Williamston High School

The country of Sierra Leone underwent a civil war in 1991 that was officially declared over in 2002. We are still trying to rebuild our country from the destruction. Tens of thousands of people died and over 2 million people were displaced. We know the destruction that nuclear power can bring and we strongly believe that the NPT should be signed by all countries. We also believe that when a country signs it they cannot back out. India, Pakistan, and North Korea have already stated that they posses nuclear weapons and should therefore be focused on in this committee. They acceded to the treaty and then they violated it and later in 2003 withdrew from it. Sierra Leone expresses the need to educate these countries on the destruction and treachery that they are committing by possessing nuclear weapons. We strongly suggest the need for education to these countries is a must.

The country of Sierra Leone signed and ratified the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1970 trying to limit the spread of nuclear weapons. Ireland and Finland proposed this treaty and we thank them. Leone recognizes that the Countries that didn’t sign the treaty could possibly possess nuclear weapons. Sierra Leone calls for the political committee to recognize that we have gone through a devastating civil war and we have seen nuclear weapons in action and we know the treacheries of nuclear weapons. Sierra Leone is still trying to rebuild within their country. Sierra Leone strongly believes that the development of nuclear weapons should be stopped.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: South Africa
Delegate Name: Austin Syrek
School: Williamston High School

Nuclear power in South Africa is not a big deal since they have reactors that mainly support most of the electricity throughout the area. Since most of the energy is converted to electricity many people that have houses rely on those reactors. Since the electricity consumption is growing rapidly in South Africa the people will need more reactors for electricity. The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (Necsa) was established as a public company in terms of the Nuclear Energy Act, 1999 and is wholly-owned by the State. Apart from several ancillary functions, the main functions of Necsa are to undertake and promote research and development in the field of nuclear energy

Although South Africa's coal reserves are vast fossil fuels do not last forever, and South Africa's are rapidly depleting. This causes to turn to nuclear energy. Using the nuclear energy is better because it will reduce the pollution and it stops from using the fossil fuels found in South Africa. South Africa's interest in nuclear power is part of a growing, albeit tentative, international trend, and comes amid forecasts that the global demand for energy will double in the next 25-30 years. More and more governments are now exploring the possibility of nuclear energy for the first time since the Chernobyl disaster in 1986. About 75% of France's power is nuclear, and, according to the Business Day, it now boasts Western Europe's cheapest electricity retail prices and is the biggest net exporter of electricity.

This shows that South Africa could use the nuclear energy to help there country to run better. It is cleaner for the environment and most of the people like it more then the fossil fuels. The people are aware that the fossil fuels are depleting and many are switching to the nuclear energy due to the fact it is better for the environment and the people.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Spain
Delegate Name: Allison Hastings
School: Forest Hills Eastern High School

Nuclear technology can either benefit the world or destroy it. Spain has embraced the search to find a better fuel, and we believe with the correct application of fissile material the world will drastically change for the better. Spain has built and now utilizes nine nuclear power plants successfully; these power plants supply 20% of electricity in Spain. Spain hopes to build more nuclear power plants in Spain and see them spread across other nations. Nuclear reactors provide clean and efficient fuel, Spain believes that nuclear power is the future, but nuclear technology wrongly used for violence and destruction will cost the earth its peaceful and promising future.

In this committee we hope to increase peace and decrease the fear of nuclear technology. Spain has signed both the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) and the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPF). Countries that are party to the NPF agreed to refrain from producing and sharing nuclear weapons as well as disarmament. Spain hopes that the few countries that have not yet signed the treaties will join quickly. The regulations on the development of nuclear technology need rigor. The research on complete nuclear reactions and nuclear waste management needs to continue.

Span hopes to work peacefully and productively with the other member states of the United Nations to produce a resolution that will further control the development of nuclear technology. We hope that more and more and more countries will sign the current treaties limiting nuclear technology and refrain from creating, testing, and spreading nuclear weapons.

Spain believes that countries that develop nuclear technology for the purpose of proving that they are developed and powerful nations stand a threat to worldwide peace and producing any resolutions that limit the development of nuclear technology

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Syria
Delegate Name: Lauren Wallace
School: Mattawan High School

The Syrian Arab Republic is a party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and have been since we signed the treaty in 1969. The Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty is a treaty which limits the spread of nuclear weapons to other countries besides those that already possess them. While we have not signed negotiations of the IAEA Additional Protocol, we do still have standard safeguard agreements with them. The Syrian Arab Republic also calls for an area that is free from all of the weapons of mass destruction in the Middle East.

The Syrian Arab Republic realizes the danger of the spread of nuclear weapons, but we would also like to state that we would like to use nuclear energy to develop our nation. Syria’s population is growing, and because of that we believe nuclear energy could be useful in medicine and other areas, lowering the amount of fossil fuels used. The Syrian Arab Republic currently has multiple projects with the help of the International Atomic Energy Agency dealing with nuclear medicine. Syria only has one nuclear reactor which is mainly used for medical purposes. We believe that the application of nuclear energy should not be dominated by the few that have the resources, but it should be equally available for all. The Syrian Arab Republic believe that some of the NPT member states have had strict policies on certain export policies that have slowed down the access of other developing nations to nuclear knowledge and energy.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Turkey
Delegate Name: Andrew Romano
School: Roeper School

The Republic of Turkey believes that the United Nations and all member states must respect the right to use nuclear energy in a peaceful manner. Nuclear power is an important technology that, if used safely can greatly decrease a country’s dependence on other fuel sources. Nuclear reactors are also not as polluting as other fuels like oil or coal.

The first step in the use of safe nuclear power is to encourage countries to convert their nuclear power plants from uranium to thorium power plants. Thorium is more abundant than uranium by about four times. Thorium also has a greater energy output. One ton of thorium has the potential produce as much energy as 200 tons of uranium.

Another great thing about thorium is that it is not weapons grade, nor does it produce anything that could be used in a nuclear weapon. This makes thorium the best option because this would limit the amount of weapons grade minerals that would be traded, and the amount of WMDs that could be produced.

One of the great steps that Turkey believes should be taken in the advancement of nuclear technology is breeder reactors. Breeder reactors have the ability to produce more energy per unit mass than thermal nuclear reactors. Thorium can be used as the main reaction fuel in breeder reactors to produce great amounts of energy.

Fusion is not currently a technologically viable option, but should be looked at in the future. Turkey would like to encourage all nations with the means to keep researching into nuclear fusion.

Turkey believes that trade restrictions on uranium and other materials used in nuclear reactors should be limited. Every country should have the right to produce nuclear energy peacefully. However, if any nation produces weapons with uranium allocated for energy we would encourage the UN and its member nations to intervene by placing trade restrictions that nation. Turkey hopes that with future use of thorium as the main reactant in power plants across the world, we will see a decline in the need and desire for trade restrictions concerning nuclear materials. Turkey would like to work with any nation to bring about resolutions to safeguard peaceful nuclear development and control fissile materials.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Uganda
Delegate Name: Alexandra King
School: Mattawan High School

With the recent debates about the development of nuclear energy among countries, Uganda would like to address our support for nation’s rights to nuclear technology but for peaceful purposes only. We are calling for a nuclear-weapons free world. Uganda, itself, is currently researching and developing peaceful uses of nuclear energy through their Atomic Energy Council, created under the Atomic Energy Act of 2008. Uganda realizes the possibilities for cheaper and renewable energy and we feel that peaceful nuclear energy can help eliminate the shortfalls in energy resources around the world. In this regard, we understand that many nations use nuclear energy to develop dangerous weaponry and Uganda believes this needs to end. Nuclear weapon development and the possibility of its use creates unneeded tension among nations and Uganda believes that all nations who have such weapons should work to eliminate them under specific sanctions.

Uganda believes that no country should be prejudged until their matter has been properly analyzed and fairly decided. Uganda realizes the need to understand all sides of the argument before they can adjudicate the topic encompassing these views. With these things in mind, Uganda played host to the Iranian president earlier this year to hear his point of view on nuclear technology in Iran. Despite this recent visit to attempt to lobby Uganda’s vote, we stayed firm in our belief that sanctions are necessary to eliminate the inappropriate uses of nuclear technology.

The growth of nuclear weapons poses a serious threat to all nations, and as long as any country obtains such weapons, others may feel the need to develop this technology as well. Uganda is committed to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation’s Treaty with the belief that it should remain the cornerstone in the control of nuclear arms development and in the development of sanctions to encourage disarmament. We support proposals that would achieve outcomes that strengthen nuclear disarmament, non-proliferation, and allow access to peaceful uses to nuclear energy. We also support all efforts directed at establishing nuclear weapons-free zones.

As a developing country, Uganda emphasizes the need to further develop an international collaboration to promote the use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes and for non-nuclear states to be able to develop access to utilize this energy source. We call on all nations to achieve total eliminations of their nuclear weapons arsenals and to abide by treaty obligations. If the international community can achieve such arms reductions and commitment to this clean and renewable energy source, Uganda feels it will enhance international peace and security.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: Ukraine
Delegate Name: Esperanza Cirilo
School: Saginaw Arts and Sciences Academy

The Ukraine is a strong supporter of nuclear energy. Nuclear energy had been a significant part of the Ukraine’s energy development and diversity since 1970. Currently about half of all electricity generated for civilian usage comes from it out of our 15 nuclear reactors. Two more were commissioned in 2004 and are being built. We encourage and are constantly updating ways to improve and make existing facilities more safe. The Ukrainian government, in accordance with its favor of nuclear energy, is planning to preserve its nuclear shares for electricity production. This would mean that by 2030 there will be much need for expansion.

The Ukraine signed the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and became a part in the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty in 1994 as a non-nuclear weapon state. This was after inheriting large amounts of nuclear weaponry from the disbandment of the Soviet Union. At this point the Ukraine possessed the world’s third largest nuclear arsenal. Our choice to turn the weaponry to Russia shows our willingness to cooperate on this topic. Obviously the Ukraine is all for peaceful development of nuclear energy.

The Ukraine will not consider shutting down any of our nuclear facilities yet we recognize our lack of a waste management strategy. So far we encourage and will hopefully eventually require storage of used fuel for at least 50 years. Used fuel and other materials are usually stored on site or sent to Russia for processing. Along these lines a new storage facility has been commissioned. We are open to other possibilities. Currently, safety and other such investigations have left geological storage area for high- and intermediate-level wastes at a stand still.

Nuclear energy is very beneficial to land-locked countries like the Ukraine with limited natural resources. We have in place many committees and programmes like the 1995 Commission of Nuclear policy and Environmental Safety. Also there is nuclear plant operating organization, Ukratomenergoprom and the State Committee for the Use of Nuclear

Power—Derzhkomatom or Goskomatom to name a few.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: United Arab Emirates
Delegate Name: Allison Brazeau
School: Mattawan High School

The United Arab Emirates recognizes the dangers of any further development of nuclear weapons when intended for violent purposes; however, the UAE strongly believes that this technology can and should be utilized for energy usage.

The United Arab Emirates continues to take many steps toward peaceful nuclear energy development. The UAE has signed the Non- Proliferation Treaty (NPT), and has called on other nations who have not yet signed to immediately do so, in order to ensure that there is worldwide participation when dealing with nuclear weapons. We would like the see the three pillars of the NPT, which are non- proliferation, disarmament, and peaceful use of nuclear power to be the main focus of this conference. The UAE also thoroughly supports the International Atomic Energy Agency, in the belief that all countries with nuclear facilities should be inspected by the IAEA. By signing a nuclear cooperation pact with the United States, our country ensures that we are only interested in nuclear technology for energy; we plan to build nuclear reactors under the charge of the United Nations. The United Arab Emirates wishes for other countries to look at our nuclear energy program as a guide to peaceful nuclear development.

In order to secure the notion that nuclear weapons should not be developed and used for violence, the United Arab Emirates would like to see the establishment of a nuclear weapons-free zone in the Middle East. Such a zone would help guarantee that the Non- Proliferation Treaty’s pillars are being properly executed.

Topic: Peaceful Development of Nuclear Energy and Control of Fissile Material
Country: United States
Delegate Name: Celia Kaechele
School: Forest Hills Central High School

The situation of nuclear power stands with a number of countries who recognize the influence this power carries in the international community, while other countries struggle to grasp its relevance to their own internal struggles. These are typically developing nations who face domestic challenges and place those above all else on their list of priorities. There is also the issue of countries who have either declined to sign the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, or have signed but have since withdrawn said signature. It is essential that this document have influence worldwide, and the areas in which it could do the most good are declining its aid. Finally, there remains the common misconception that Nonproliferation means the reduction of all nuclear material, even that being use for peaceful purposes, such as a source of energy. The misguided holders of this belief will have to recognize the fact that this is not the case, and in fact, the right to have nuclear energy for peaceful purposes is protected by the NPT.

The United States of America is a tireless supporter of nonproliferation, as well as the ability to use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, as long it does not contradict the NPT, the United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1540(2004), or the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI). The United States is also a member of the G-8 Worldwide Partnership that works to address nuclear terrorism, disarmament and nuclear security along with other issues. Not only does the United States support these organizations and take part in the majority of them, but we have also set up the Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund, which allows the United States to respond rapidly to unanticipated, but high priority nonproliferation and disarmament opportunities.

The United States cannot stress strongly enough the influence of UNSCR 1540(2004) and the impact it needs to have worldwide in conjunction with the NPT. It is essential that all countries ratify this treaty in order for it to have its intended effects, things like the legitimization of the PSI, as well as the statement of each countries obligation to arms control and disarmament.

The United States will naturally be seeking support from the other G-8 members (Canada, Japan, Italy, The United Kingdom, Germany, France, Russia, as well as the European Union that is also often represented), and hopes to also receive support from all those nations who have signed the NPT, as well as those in favor of UNSCR 1540. We look forward to the prospect of uniting the world under the goal of nuclear nonproliferation.